Git日志和标签

一、Git日志查看

1.git log

2. --oneline参数

3.--graph参数

4.--reverse参数

5.--author

6.通过时间过滤日志

7.--decorate

二、Git标签

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一、Git日志查看

1.git log

使用git log可以查看到当前仓库的详细日志信息，包括时间，用户信息，描述。

random@random:~/repo$ git log
commit aaef2ef2895217b336034a8c319531d891b28f69 (HEAD -> master)
Merge: 16c5204 baca958
Author: random <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon May 13 15:12:14 2019 +0800

    Merge branch 'testBranch'

commit 16c5204b3e89a9fbc84f198f5439d273e2068351
Author: random <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon May 13 15:11:44 2019 +0800

    delete file

commit baca958d031b43162ac84193b3286d9b8f928b27 (testBranch)
Author: random <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon May 13 15:10:39 2019 +0800

    create file1 and modify README

commit 2ae9af67dc4bad85908f93899497377647f50dc9
Author: random <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon May 13 15:08:37 2019 +0800

    create file

commit 46ef4b2bb20661a0f6cdfb883dabeab81139e398
Author: random <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon May 13 15:07:59 2019 +0800

    create README

2. --oneline参数

使用这个参数只会显示简短的日志信息，你可以在后面接-数字，指定显示几行日志。

random@random:~/repo$ git log --oneline -3
aaef2ef (HEAD -> master) Merge branch 'testBranch'
16c5204 delete file
baca958 (testBranch) create file1 and modify README

random@random:~/repo$ git log --oneline
aaef2ef (HEAD -> master) Merge branch 'testBranch'
16c5204 delete file
baca958 (testBranch) create file1 and modify README
2ae9af6 create file
46ef4b2 create README

 

3.--graph参数

这个参数会通过图表的方式显示日志信息，可以于其他参数混合使用。

random@random:~/repo$ git log --graph
*   commit aaef2ef2895217b336034a8c319531d891b28f69 (HEAD -> master)
|\  Merge: 16c5204 baca958
| | Author: random <[email protected]>
| | Date:   Mon May 13 15:12:14 2019 +0800
| | 
| |     Merge branch 'testBranch'
| | 
| * commit baca958d031b43162ac84193b3286d9b8f928b27 (testBranch)
| | Author: random <[email protected]>
| | Date:   Mon May 13 15:10:39 2019 +0800
| | 
| |     create file1 and modify README
| | 
* | commit 16c5204b3e89a9fbc84f198f5439d273e2068351
|/  Author: random <[email protected]>
|   Date:   Mon May 13 15:11:44 2019 +0800
|   
|       delete file
| 
* commit 2ae9af67dc4bad85908f93899497377647f50dc9
| Author: random <[email protected]>
| Date:   Mon May 13 15:08:37 2019 +0800
| 
|     create file
| 
* commit 46ef4b2bb20661a0f6cdfb883dabeab81139e398
  Author: random <[email protected]>
  Date:   Mon May 13 15:07:59 2019 +0800
  
      create README

random@random:~/repo$ git log --graph --oneline
*   aaef2ef (HEAD -> master) Merge branch 'testBranch'
|\  
| * baca958 (testBranch) create file1 and modify README
* | 16c5204 delete file
|/  
* 2ae9af6 create file
* 46ef4b2 create README

4.--reverse参数

这个参数会倒序显示日志信息，比较简单，我就不举例了。

5.--author

根据提交用户进行过滤。

random@random:~/repo$ git log --author=random
commit aaef2ef2895217b336034a8c319531d891b28f69 (HEAD -> master)
Merge: 16c5204 baca958
Author: random <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon May 13 15:12:14 2019 +0800

    Merge branch 'testBranch'

commit 16c5204b3e89a9fbc84f198f5439d273e2068351
Author: random <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon May 13 15:11:44 2019 +0800

    delete file

commit baca958d031b43162ac84193b3286d9b8f928b27 (testBranch)
Author: random <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon May 13 15:10:39 2019 +0800

    create file1 and modify README

commit 2ae9af67dc4bad85908f93899497377647f50dc9
Author: random <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon May 13 15:08:37 2019 +0800

    create file

commit 46ef4b2bb20661a0f6cdfb883dabeab81139e398
Author: random <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon May 13 15:07:59 2019 +0800

    create README

6.通过时间过滤日志

如果你要指定日期，可以执行几个选项：--since 和 --before，但是你也可以用 --until 和 --after，--no-merges 选项可以隐藏合并提交。

$ git log --oneline --before={3.weeks.ago} --after={2010-04-18} --no-merges

7.--decorate

这个参数会显示commit是和哪一个分支或tag关联的，官网上这么说的，但是实际测试效果一样。

random@random:~/repo$ git log --oneline --decorate
aaef2ef (HEAD -> master, tag: v1.0) Merge branch 'testBranch'
16c5204 delete file
baca958 (testBranch) create file1 and modify README
2ae9af6 create file
46ef4b2 create README

二、Git标签

如果你的项目的某个版本开发完成，那么你往往需要给他打上一个版本标签，这时就需要用到git tag命令，该命令后面可以直接接标签名称，但它不会记录这标签是啥时候打的，谁打的，也不会让你添加个标签的注解，因此该命令一般会于-a参数结合使用，这样，你可以像commit的-m参数一样，为这个标签添加说明信息。

random@random:~/repo$ git tag v1.0 -m "第一个版本"
random@random:~/repo$ git log --oneline
aaef2ef (HEAD -> master, tag: v1.0) Merge branch 'testBranch'
16c5204 delete file
baca958 (testBranch) create file1 and modify README
2ae9af6 create file
46ef4b2 create README

如果之前忘记打标签了，你也可以后面补上，注意标签后面的字符串为，日志第一列的字符串。

random@random:~/repo$ git tag -a v0.1 2ae9af6 -m "项目创建"
random@random:~/repo$ git log --oneline --decorate
aaef2ef (HEAD -> master, tag: v1.0) Merge branch 'testBranch'
16c5204 delete file
baca958 (testBranch) create file1 and modify README
2ae9af6 (tag: v0.1) create file
46ef4b2 create README