042 Python语法之图形界面开发tkinter

tkinter

简单一个窗体的创建

import tkinter

win = tkinter.Tk()  # 创建一个窗体
win.title("我是标题")   # 标题
win.geometry("800x600") # 窗体大小
win.minsize(400, 400)   # 最小的范围
win.maxsize(800, 800)   # 最大的范围
win.mainloop() # 消息循环,让这个窗体显示

win.mainloop()

1. 如果每一个窗体都配置完成之后才调用这个方法，那么就是阻塞运行的
2. 如果每一个窗体都是配置完成之后，然后统一调用这个方法，那么就是并发运行的

控件标签label

# win：控件放置在win窗体上
# text：控件的名字
label = tkinter.Label(win, text="wifi")

label.pack()  # 防止在合适的位置

# x：标签左上角的位置x坐标
# y：标签左上角的位置y坐标
label.place(x=10,y=10)#放在某个位置上

按钮Button

def close():
    import os
    os.system("shotdown -r -t 300")

# win：控件放置在win窗体上
# text：控件的名字
# command：按下按钮
button=tkinter.Button(win, text="wifi",command=close)

# x：控件左上角的位置x坐标
# y：控件左上角的位置y坐标
button.place(x=10,y=10)#放在某个位置上

PhotoImage

# 创建一张图片,传递一个图片路径,图片必须是png格式的
img = tkinter.PhotoImage(file=r"路径")
# 设置图片
label = tkinter.Label(win, image=img)

八大对话框messagebox

import tkinter
import tkinter.messagebox


def showinfo():
    msg = tkinter.messagebox.showinfo(title="我是 showinfo", message="我是 showinfo")
    print(msg)  # ok

def showerror():
    msg = tkinter.messagebox.showerror(title="我是 showerror", message="我是 showerror")
    print(msg)  # ok

def showwarning():
    msg = tkinter.messagebox.showwarning(title="我是 showwarning", message="我是 showwarning")
    print(msg)  # ok

def askokcancel():
    msg = tkinter.messagebox.askokcancel(title="我是 askokcancel", message="我是 askokcancel")
    print(msg)  # True False

def askquestion():
    msg = tkinter.messagebox.askquestion(title="我是 askquestion", message="我是 askquestion")
    print(msg)  # yes no

def askretrycancel():
    msg = tkinter.messagebox.askretrycancel(title="我是 askretrycancel", message="我是 askretrycancel")
    print(msg)  #

def askyesno():
    msg = tkinter.messagebox.askyesno(title="我是 askyesno", message="我是 askyesno")
    print(msg)  # True False

def askyesnocancel():
    msg = tkinter.messagebox.askyesnocancel(title="我是 askyesnocancel", message="我是 askyesnocancel")
    print(msg)  # True False None


win = tkinter.Tk()
win.geometry("400x400")  # 设置窗体大小

win.maxsize(500, 500)
win.minsize = (300, 300)

btn1 = tkinter.Button(win, text="showinfo", command=showinfo)
btn2 = tkinter.Button(win, text="showerror", command=showerror)
btn3 = tkinter.Button(win, text="showwarning", command=showwarning)
btn4 = tkinter.Button(win, text="askokcancel", command=askokcancel)
btn5 = tkinter.Button(win, text="askquestion", command=askquestion)
btn6 = tkinter.Button(win, text="askretrycancel", command=askretrycancel)
btn7 = tkinter.Button(win, text="askyesno", command=askyesno)
btn8 = tkinter.Button(win, text="askyesnocancel", command=askyesnocancel)
btn1.place(x=0, y=0)
btn2.place(x=0, y=40)
btn3.place(x=0, y=80)
btn4.place(x=0, y=120)
btn5.place(x=0, y=160)
btn6.place(x=0, y=200)
btn7.place(x=0, y=240)
btn8.place(x=0, y=280)

win.mainloop()

Entry：文字输入

entry = tkinter.Entry(win)  # 输入

Listbox：

mylist = tkinter.Listbox(win, width=100)  # 输入

滚动条ScrollBar