yii2数据库迁移

.\yii migrate/create create_test_table #创建一个数据库迁移 
.\yii migrate #提交所有的迁移 
.\yii migrate m160623_034801_create_test_table #指定类名，提交一个迁移
.\yii migrate/down #还原最近一次迁移： 
.\yii migrate/redo #重做最近一次提交的迁移【先down后up】
.\yii migrate/history all #显示所有的提交迁移
.\yii migrate/new all #显示所有的未提交迁移

<?php

use yii\db\Migration;

/**
 * Class m190222_074920_new_table
 */
class m190222_074920_new_table extends Migration
{
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function safeUp()
    {
        $tableOptions = null;
        if ($this->db->driverName === 'mysql') {
            // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/766809/whats-the-difference-between-utf8-general-ci-and-utf8-unicode-ci
            $tableOptions = 'CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci ENGINE=InnoDB';
        }

        //创建数据表test_table并且定义表中字段
        $this->createTable('{{%new_table}}', [
            'id' => $this->primaryKey(),
            'parent_id' => $this->integer(11)->defaultValue(0)->comment('父级菜单id'),
            'menu_name' => $this->string(100)->notNull()->comment('菜单名称'),
            'menu_type' => $this->string(100)->notNull()->comment('菜单类型(menu菜单，sub_menu子菜单)'),
            'menu_action' => $this->string(100)->notNull()->comment('菜单链接'),
            'menu_roles' => $this->string(100)->comment('角色'),
            'menu_depth' => $this->smallInteger(1)->defaultValue(0)->comment('菜单深度'),
            'menu_icon' => $this->text()->comment('ICON代码：图标'),
            'menu_des' => $this->text()->comment('菜单简介'),
            'menu_order' => $this->smallInteger(1)->defaultValue(0)->comment('显示顺序'),
            'menu_show' => $this->smallInteger(1)->defaultValue(0)->comment('是否显示（0：显示， 1：不显示）'),
            'created_at' => $this->integer(),
            'updated_at' => $this->integer(),
        ],$tableOptions);

        //插入一条数据
        $this->insert('{{%new_table}}',[
            'id' => 1,
            'menu_name' => '管理',
            'menu_type' => 'menu'
        ]);
        //添加字段
        $this->addColumn('{{%new_table}}', 'aaa2', 'INT(10) NOT NULL COMMENT "审核人"');
        //修改字段
        $this->alterColumn('{{%new_table}}', 'menu_des', 'SMALLINT(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT "绑定状态，0：解绑 1：未绑定 2:审核中 3:审核通过 4:审核拒绝 5：禁用"');
        //修改字段名
        $this->renameColumn('{{%new_table}}','created_at','created_at2');
        //增加索引
        $this->createIndex('{{aaa}}', "{{%new_table}}", ['created_at2'],true);
        //删除字段
        $this->dropColumn('{{%new_table}}', 'updated_at');
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function safeDown()
    {
        //删除一条数据
        $this->delete('{{%new_table}}',[
            'id' => 1
        ]);
        //drop掉整个表
        $this->dropTable('{{%new_table}}');
    }

    /*
    // Use up()/down() to run migration code without a transaction.
    public function up()
    {

    }

    public function down()
    {
        echo "m190222_074920_new_table cannot be reverted.\n";

        return false;
    }
    */
}

yii\db\Migration::execute(): 执行一条 SQL 语句
yii\db\Migration::insert(): 插入单行数据
yii\db\Migration::batchInsert(): 插入多行数据
yii\db\Migration::update(): 更新数据
yii\db\Migration::delete(): 删除数据
yii\db\Migration::createTable(): 创建表
yii\db\Migration::renameTable(): 重命名表名
yii\db\Migration::dropTable(): 删除一张表
yii\db\Migration::truncateTable(): 清空表中的所有数据
yii\db\Migration::addColumn(): 加一个字段
yii\db\Migration::renameColumn(): 重命名字段名称
yii\db\Migration::dropColumn(): 删除一个字段
yii\db\Migration::alterColumn(): 修改字段
yii\db\Migration::addPrimaryKey(): 添加一个主键
yii\db\Migration::dropPrimaryKey(): 删除一个主键
yii\db\Migration::addForeignKey(): 添加一个外键
yii\db\Migration::dropForeignKey(): 删除一个外键
yii\db\Migration::createIndex(): 创建一个索引
yii\db\Migration::dropIndex(): 删除一个索引