etcd — 安装部署

目录

服务进程

etcd 目前默认使用 2379 端口提供 HTTP API 服务，2380 端口提供 Peer 通信（这两个端口已经被 IANA 官方预留给 etcd），在之前的版本中，可能会分别使用 4001 和 7001，在使用的过程中需要注意这个区别。

虽然 etcd 也支持单点部署，但是在生产环境中推荐集群方式部署，一般 etcd 节点数会选择 3、5、7。etcd 会保证所有的节点都会保存数据，并保证数据的一致性和正确性。

单点部署

因为 etcd 是 Golang 编写的，安装只需要下载对应的二进制文件，并放到合适的路径就行。如果在测试环境，启动一个单点的 etcd 服务，只需要运行 etcd 执行即可。

git clone https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd.git
cd etcd
./build

使用 build 脚本构建会在当前项目的 bin 目录生产 etcd 和 etcdctl 可执行程序。etcd 就是 etcd Server，而 etcdctl 主要为 etcd Server 提供指令行操作。

启动：

$ ./bin/etcd
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.751+0800","caller":"etcdmain/etcd.go:69","msg":"Running: ","args":["./bin/etcd"]}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.751+0800","caller":"etcdmain/etcd.go:94","msg":"failed to detect default host","error":"default host not supported on darwin_amd64"}
{"level":"warn","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.751+0800","caller":"etcdmain/etcd.go:99","msg":"'data-dir' was empty; using default","data-dir":"default.etcd"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.751+0800","caller":"embed/etcd.go:113","msg":"configuring peer listeners","listen-peer-urls":["http://localhost:2380"]}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.752+0800","caller":"embed/etcd.go:121","msg":"configuring client listeners","listen-client-urls":["http://localhost:2379"]}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.753+0800","caller":"embed/etcd.go:266","msg":"starting an etcd server","etcd-version":"3.5.0-pre","git-sha":"ab4cc3cae","go-version":"go1.14.4","go-os":"darwin","go-arch":"amd64","max-cpu-set":4,"max-cpu-available":4,"member-initialized":false,"name":"default","data-dir":"default.etcd","wal-dir":"","wal-dir-dedicated":"","member-dir":"default.etcd/member","force-new-cluster":false,"heartbeat-interval":"100ms","election-timeout":"1s","initial-election-tick-advance":true,"snapshot-count":100000,"snapshot-catchup-entries":5000,"initial-advertise-peer-urls":["http://localhost:2380"],"listen-peer-urls":["http://localhost:2380"],"advertise-client-urls":["http://localhost:2379"],"listen-client-urls":["http://localhost:2379"],"listen-metrics-urls":[],"cors":["*"],"host-whitelist":["*"],"initial-cluster":"default=http://localhost:2380","initial-cluster-state":"new","initial-cluster-token":"etcd-cluster","quota-size-bytes":2147483648,"pre-vote":false,"initial-corrupt-check":false,"corrupt-check-time-interval":"0s","auto-compaction-mode":"periodic","auto-compaction-retention":"0s","auto-compaction-interval":"0s","discovery-url":"","discovery-proxy":""}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.764+0800","caller":"etcdserver/backend.go:78","msg":"opened backend db","path":"default.etcd/member/snap/db","took":"9.908726ms"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.862+0800","caller":"etcdserver/raft.go:444","msg":"starting local member","local-member-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","cluster-id":"cdf818194e3a8c32"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.862+0800","caller":"raft/raft.go:1528","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d switched to configuration voters=()"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.862+0800","caller":"raft/raft.go:701","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d became follower at term 0"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.862+0800","caller":"raft/raft.go:383","msg":"newRaft 8e9e05c52164694d [peers: [], term: 0, commit: 0, applied: 0, lastindex: 0, lastterm: 0]"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.863+0800","caller":"raft/raft.go:701","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d became follower at term 1"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.863+0800","caller":"raft/raft.go:1528","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d switched to configuration voters=(10276657743932975437)"}
{"level":"warn","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.888+0800","caller":"auth/store.go:1231","msg":"simple token is not cryptographically signed"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.912+0800","caller":"etcdserver/quota.go:94","msg":"enabled backend quota with default value","quota-name":"v3-applier","quota-size-bytes":2147483648,"quota-size":"2.1 GB"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.924+0800","caller":"etcdserver/server.go:752","msg":"starting etcd server","local-member-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","local-server-version":"3.5.0-pre","cluster-version":"to_be_decided"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.925+0800","caller":"etcdserver/server.go:640","msg":"started as single-node; fast-forwarding election ticks","local-member-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","forward-ticks":9,"forward-duration":"900ms","election-ticks":10,"election-timeout":"1s"}
{"level":"warn","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.925+0800","caller":"etcdserver/metrics.go:212","msg":"failed to get file descriptor usage","error":"cannot get FDUsage on darwin"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.925+0800","caller":"raft/raft.go:1528","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d switched to configuration voters=(10276657743932975437)"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.925+0800","caller":"membership/cluster.go:385","msg":"added member","cluster-id":"cdf818194e3a8c32","local-member-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","added-peer-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","added-peer-peer-urls":["http://localhost:2380"]}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.927+0800","caller":"embed/etcd.go:513","msg":"serving peer traffic","address":"127.0.0.1:2380"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:14.927+0800","caller":"embed/etcd.go:235","msg":"now serving peer/client/metrics","local-member-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","initial-advertise-peer-urls":["http://localhost:2380"],"listen-peer-urls":["http://localhost:2380"],"advertise-client-urls":["http://localhost:2379"],"listen-client-urls":["http://localhost:2379"],"listen-metrics-urls":[]}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:15.866+0800","caller":"raft/raft.go:788","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d is starting a new election at term 1"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:15.866+0800","caller":"raft/raft.go:714","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d became candidate at term 2"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:15.866+0800","caller":"raft/raft.go:848","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d received MsgVoteResp from 8e9e05c52164694d at term 2"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:15.867+0800","caller":"raft/raft.go:766","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d became leader at term 2"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:15.867+0800","caller":"raft/node.go:327","msg":"raft.node: 8e9e05c52164694d elected leader 8e9e05c52164694d at term 2"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:15.868+0800","caller":"etcdserver/server.go:2285","msg":"setting up initial cluster version","cluster-version":"3.5"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:15.876+0800","caller":"membership/cluster.go:523","msg":"set initial cluster version","cluster-id":"cdf818194e3a8c32","local-member-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","cluster-version":"3.5"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:15.876+0800","caller":"embed/serve.go:97","msg":"ready to serve client requests"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:15.876+0800","caller":"api/capability.go:75","msg":"enabled capabilities for version","cluster-version":"3.5"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:15.876+0800","caller":"etcdserver/server.go:2305","msg":"cluster version is updated","cluster-version":"3.5"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:15.876+0800","caller":"etcdserver/server.go:1863","msg":"published local member to cluster through raft","local-member-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","local-member-attributes":"{Name:default ClientURLs:[http://localhost:2379]}","request-path":"/0/members/8e9e05c52164694d/attributes","cluster-id":"cdf818194e3a8c32","publish-timeout":"7s"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:15.876+0800","caller":"etcdmain/main.go:47","msg":"notifying init daemon"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:15.876+0800","caller":"etcdmain/main.go:53","msg":"successfully notified init daemon"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2020-10-04T07:39:15.877+0800","caller":"embed/serve.go:139","msg":"serving client traffic insecurely; this is strongly discouraged!","address":"127.0.0.1:2379"}

• etcd 默认将 WAL 和 Snapshot 数据存放到 ./default.etcd/ 目录下。
• 使用 http://localhost:2380 和 etcd Cluster 中其他节点通信。
• 使用 http://localhost:2379 提供 HTTP API 服务，与客户端通信。
• 该节点的名称默认为 default。
• heartbeat 为 100ms。
• election-timeout 为 1s。
• snapshot-count 为 100000。
• cluster-id 为 cdf818194e3a8c32。
• raft.node 为 8e9e05c52164694d。
• 启动的时候，会运行 raft，选举出 leader：elected leader 8e9e05c52164694d at term 2。

查看版本：

$ ./bin/etcd --version
etcd Version: 3.5.0-pre
Git SHA: ab4cc3cae
Go Version: go1.14.4
Go OS/Arch: darwin/amd64

$ ./bin/etcdctl version
etcdctl version: 3.5.0-pre
API version: 3.5

集群部署