Linux---LNMP架构安装论坛（手工编译）

Linux—LNMP架构（手工编译）

一.LNMP的概述

1.LNMP为Linux平台，Nginx web服务软件，mysql数据库软件，PHP编辑语言
2.LNMP系统架构相对于LAMP的优点是LNMP比较节省内存，主要支持静态请求，但在访问量大的时候php-fpm容易僵死，容易发生502 bad gateway错误，LAMP适合处理动态请求

二.LNMP架构

一）安装Nginx：

1.准备安装包：

[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
[root@localhost mnt]# rz

[root@localhost mnt]# ls
nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost mnt]# 

2.解压安装包：

[root@localhost mnt]# tar zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz -C /opt

3.安装环境包：

[root@localhost mnt]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ pcre* zlib-devel make -y

4.创建用户

[root@localhost mnt]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

5.配置，安装且编译

[root@localhost mnt]# cd /opt/nginx-1.12.2/
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure \

> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
> --user=nginx \
> --group=nginx \
> --with-http_stub_status_module

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install

6.创建软连接，进行优化：

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin

7.优化服务控制，service工具

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx

#!/bin/bash

#chkconfig: -99 20

#description: Nginx Service Control Script

PROG="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
PIDF="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"              
case "$1" in
        start)
                $PROG
                ;;
        stop)
                kill -s QUIT $(cat $PIDF)
                ;;
        restart)
                $0 stop
                $0 start
                ;;
        reload)
                kill -s HUP $(cat $PIDF)
                ;;
        *)
                echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload}"
        exit 1
esac
exit 0

8.添加权限：

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

9.关防火墙开服务

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# systemctl stop firewalld.service 
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# service nginx start

10.验证Nginx

三.MySQL安装：

1.准备安装包：

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# cd /mnt
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost mnt]# rz

[root@localhost mnt]# ls
mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz  nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

2.解压:

[root@localhost mnt]# tar xzvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz -C /opt

3.安装环境包：

[root@localhost mnt]# yum install ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake autoconf -y

4.创建用户：

[root@localhost mnt]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql

5.安装编译：

[root@localhost mnt]# cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cmake \
> -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
> -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
> -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
> -DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
> -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
> -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
> -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
> -DWITH_BOOST=boost \
> -DWITH_SYSTEMD=1

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# make && make install

6.对mysql的数据目录进行权限调整：

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

7.调整配置文件参数

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
server-id = 1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

8.设置环境变量

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile

9.声明为全局变量

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# echo 'export PATH' >> /etc/profile

10.启动文件

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# source /etc/profile

11.初始化数据库

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@localhost bin]# mysqld \
> --initialize-insecure \
> --user=mysql \
> --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
> --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

12.#使用systemctl工具来进行服务控制

[root@localhost bin]# cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /lib/systemd/system/

13.开启mysql服务，进行验证

[root@localhost bin]# systemctl restart mysqld.service
[root@localhost bin]# netstat -ntap | grep 3306
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      59906/mysqld   

14.设置mysql数据库的密码，并登录：

[root@localhost bin]# mysqladmin -u root -p password

[root@localhost bin]# mysql -u root -p

四.安装PHP

1.准备安装包

[root@localhost mnt]# rz

[root@localhost mnt]# ls
mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz  nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz  php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
[root@localhost mnt]# 

2.安装环境包：

[root@localhost mnt]# yum -y \
> install \
> libjpeg \
> libjpeg-devel \
> libpng libpng-devel \
> freetype freetype-devel \
> libxml2 \
> libxml2-devel \
> zlib zlib-devel \
> curl curl-devel \
> openssl openssl-devel

3.压缩：

[root@localhost mnt]# tar xjvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 -C /opt

4.编译安装：

[root@localhost mnt]# cd /opt/php-7.1.10
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/php \
> --with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
> --with-mysqli \
> --with-zlib \
> --with-curl \
> --with-gd \
> --with-jpeg-dir \
> --with-png-dir \
> --with-freetype-dir \
> --with-openssl \
> --enable-fpm \
> --enable-mbstring \
> --enable-xml \
> --enable-session \
> --enable-ftp \
> --enable-pdo \
> --enable-tokenizer \
> --enable-zip

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# make && make install

5.拷贝核心配置文件

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

6.编辑核心配置文件

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

7.验证安装模块

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -m

8.配置FPM模块

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost etc]# vim php-fpm.conf

pid = run/php-fpm.pid

9.复制扩展包

[root@localhost etc]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf

10.启动PHP，验证：

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# netstat -natp | grep 9000
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      67874/php-fpm: mast 

11.建立软链接

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

12.使得nginx支持PHP

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

12.创建首页，重启nginx：

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# systemctl restart nginx

13.验证：

五.安装论坛

1.进入数据库

[root@localhost html]# mysql -u root -p

2.创建数据库和密码

CREATE DATABASE bbs;
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';

3.刷新数据库

flush privileges;

4.准备安装包并解压

[root@localhost mnt]# ls
Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip  mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz  nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz  php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
[root@localhost mnt]# unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip -d /opt/ 

5.给予权限

[root@localhost mnt]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# ls
dir_SC_UTF8  mysql-5.7.20  nginx-1.12.2  php-7.1.10  rh  说明.htm
[root@localhost opt]# cd dir_SC_UTF8/
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cp -r upload/ /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./config/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./data/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_client/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_server/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./config/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./data/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_client/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_server/

6.验证：