Ubuntu18.04 construir servidor ftp
- Se você instalou o vsftpd antes, desinstale sudo apt-get remove --purge vsftpd
- Atualizar lista de fontes : sudo apt-get update
- Instalar vsftpd: sudo apt-get install vsftpd
- Determine se vsftpd foi instalado com sucesso: sudo service vsftpd restart
- Crie um novo diretório "/ home / test" como o diretório inicial do usuário:
Abra uma janela de terminal, digite "sudo mkdir / home / test" e pressione Enter, digite "sudo ls
/ home "Pressione Enter, há um diretório de teste, o diretório do usuário foi criado com sucesso.
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Crie um novo teste de usuário e defina uma senha: abra o terminal, digite "sudo useradd –d / home / test –s / bin / bash test" e pressione Enter, o novo usuário foi bem-sucedido e digite "sudo passwd test" para definir a senha do usuário de teste (digite dois Vezes) Pressione Enter, a senha foi definida com sucesso.
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O arquivo de configuração /etc/vsftpd.conf, o arquivo de configuração específico é o seguinte
listen=YES # # This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening # on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6 # and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6 # sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific # addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration # files. #listen_ipv6=YES # # Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default). anonymous_enable=NO # # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in. local_enable=YES # # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command. write_enable=YES # # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022, # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's) local_umask=022 # # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user. anon_upload_enable=YES # # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create # new directories. #anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES # # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they # go into a certain directory. dirmessage_enable=YES # # If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time # in your local time zone. The default is to display GMT. The # times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this # option. use_localtime=YES # # Activate logging of uploads/downloads. xferlog_enable=YES # # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data). connect_from_port_20=YES # # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not # recommended! #chown_uploads=YES #chown_username=whoever # # You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown # below. #xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log # # If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format. # Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case. #xferlog_std_format=YES # # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session. #idle_session_timeout=600 # # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection. #data_connection_timeout=120 # # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user. #nopriv_user=ftpsecure # # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it, # however, may confuse older FTP clients. #async_abor_enable=YES # # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII # mangling on files when in ASCII mode. # Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service # attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd # predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the # raw file. # ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol. #ascii_upload_enable=YES #ascii_download_enable=YES # # You may fully customise the login banner string: #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service. # # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks. #deny_email_enable=YES # (default follows) #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails # # You may restrict local users to their home directories. See the FAQ for # the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or # chroot_list_enable below. #chroot_local_user=YES # # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of # users to NOT chroot(). # (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that # the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the # chroot) chroot_local_user=YES chroot_list_enable=NO # (default follows) chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list # # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it. #ls_recurse_enable=YES # # Customization # # Some of vsftpd's settings don't fit the filesystem layout by # default. # # This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the # directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used # as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem # access. secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty # # This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use. pasv_enable=YES allow_writeable_chroot=YES pasv_address=公网ip地址 pasv_min_port=50000 pasv_max_port=50010 pam_service_name=vsftpd # # This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL # encrypted connections. rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key ssl_enable=NO # # Uncomment this to indicate that vsftpd use a utf8 filesystem. #utf8_filesystem=YES local_root=/home/test -
Abra a porta Alibaba Cloud 21 e configure as restrições no intervalo de portas que podem ser usadas para FTP passivo para garantir que haja conexões disponíveis suficientes
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Desligue o firewall ufw diable
- Verifique o status do firewall ufw status Se mostrar inativo, significa que o firewall foi fechado com sucesso
- Use o vim para ver o conteúdo do arquivo / etc / ftpusers e abra a "janela do terminal", digite "sudo vim / etc / ftpusers" e pressione Enter -> Depois de abrir este arquivo, verifique se existe um teste de nome de usuário, se não, basta sair . Se houver, exclua o nome do usuário de teste, porque esse arquivo registra uma lista de usuários que não podem acessar o servidor FTP.
- Use a ferramenta FileZilla para testar a conexão
Configure o acesso normal do usuário ao serviço ftp
- useradd -d / home / test yuanxun // Adiciona o usuário yuanxun e restringe o acesso ao diretório / home / test
- passwd yuanxun // Definir senha
- Você pode ver o nome de usuário e as informações do diretório acessível recém-criado no arquivo vi / etc / passwd
- Use o FileZilla para testar as permissões de leitura e gravação do usuário para esta pasta