Every unit that implements GJB5000B will realize the importance of establishing a testing organization. A mature testing organization often needs to go through four milestone stages from "scattered soldiers" → "testing guerrillas" → "testing tribes" → "testing the army".
This is how testing organizations have evolved.
Microsoft was founded in 1975, and there were no testers in the early days. Microsoft's earliest test engineer was Lloyd Falklin, a high school intern who joined Microsoft in 1979. Then in 1983, the Microsoft Archive product development group hired its first full-time software test engineer, followed by another batch of test engineers in 1985. It has been a thing since the 1980s that testing is a formal job title and has its own career development track.
The following four stages will be introduced one by one, and readers can check their seats according to the actual situation of the unit.
1. The era of stragglers and rogues
Before the implementation of GJB5000B, the software development of most equipment delivery-based units was mostly workshop style, usually developers coded and tested themselves (strictly speaking, it cannot be called testing, because developers only confirm whether the functions have been implemented. , will not go to dig the program has no problem). The implementation of GJB5000B requires the separation of development and testing, and puts forward higher requirements for testing, requiring dedicated testers, so only developers or other personnel can be part-time testers.
In this environment, testers are not full-time, like stragglers, and may not even have a proprietary job title. Some are called testers, some are called software engineers, and even like developers, they are also called software development engineers. In terms of organizational structure, together with software developers, they belong to the software development department and are managed by the person in charge of software development.
Testers at this stage may feel confused and lost. If the unit does not pay enough attention to this, it may lead to the death of the test organization.
2. Test Guerrilla
The stage of testing guerrillas often occurs when the unit’s business is relatively busy. At this time, testers need to be busy with different projects at the same time. Like guerrillas, they wander between various projects. After one project is tested, they immediately switch to another project. For testing, each guerrilla team performs its own duties and serves a certain project. They only have the project in their eyes, have little communication, and lack the accumulation of testing technology and assets. will improve.
3. Test Tribe
In the test tribe stage, there is already an independent testing department that is administratively parallel to the development department, and the division of labor for testing is clearer. Functions, performance, security, etc. have their own testing groups, and are responsible for automated testing and testing tool development. And a full-time team for testing technology research.
At this stage, the organizational model of the test team is technology-centric, and they have the following advantages:
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Specialization: Because of the refinement of the division of labor, testers can concentrate on the research of a certain type of test object or a certain test technology direction, thus increasing the depth of testing.
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Cross-project: Testers are not concerned with which project, but with similar modules in various projects.
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Platformization: Since testers focus on similar modules, it is easier to accumulate reusable test assets, such as test cases. The reuse of test assets will shorten the test cycle and improve test efficiency.
Of course, this organizational model also has some shortcomings. For example, because of the specialization of testers, they may not have a comprehensive understanding of the business.
4. Testing Division
The stage of the testing business department is when the company’s business has developed greatly and multiple product lines have appeared in the company. At this time, the company will be divided according to the product lines to form independent business departments, and the testing department can be paralleled with the development department according to the original model. Incorporated into various business divisions, it can also be independently established as a testing division.
The testing business department operates independently and is responsible for its own profits and losses. On the basis of satisfying the company's internal testing services, it can obtain the qualification of CNAS testing laboratory and external testing business, bringing new profit growth points to the company.
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