介绍

通过一个完整例子，在 gogf/gf 框架中实现【限流】中间件。

我们将会使用 rk-boot 来启动 gogf/gf 微服务。 rk-boot 是一个可通过 YAML 启动多种 Web 服务的框架。请参考本文最后章节，了解 rk-boot 细节。

请访问如下地址获取完整教程：rkdocs.netlify.app/cn

安装

go get github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/gf
复制代码

快速开始

1.创建 boot.yaml

为了验证，我们启动了如下几个选项：

commonService：commonService 里包含了一系列通用 API，比如 /rk/v1/healthy。详情

我们针对 /v1/greeter 进行限流处理，设置成 0，其他 API 设置成 100。我们会在 main.go 中实现 /v1/greeter API。

---
gf:
  - name: greeter                                   # Required
    port: 8080                                      # Required
    enabled: true                                   # Required
    commonService:
      enabled: true                                 # Optional, Enable common service for testing
    interceptors:
      rateLimit:
        enabled: true
        reqPerSec: 100
        paths:
          - path: "/v1/greeter"
            reqPerSec: 0
复制代码

2.创建 main.go

实现 /v1/greeter API。

// Copyright (c) 2021 rookie-ninja
//
// Use of this source code is governed by an Apache-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp"
	"github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot"
	"github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/gf"
	"net/http"
)

func main() {
	// Create a new boot instance.
	boot := rkboot.NewBoot()

	// Bootstrap
	boot.Bootstrap(context.Background())

	// Register handler
	gfEntry := rkbootgf.GetGfEntry("greeter")
	gfEntry.Server.BindHandler("/v1/greeter", func(ctx *ghttp.Request) {
		ctx.Response.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
		ctx.Response.WriteJson(&GreeterResponse{
			Message: fmt.Sprintf("Hello %s!", ctx.GetQuery("name")),
		})
	})

	// Wait for shutdown sig
	boot.WaitForShutdownSig(context.Background())
}

type GreeterResponse struct {
	Message string
}
复制代码

3.文件夹结构

$ tree
.
├── boot.yaml
├── go.mod
├── go.sum
└── main.go

0 directories, 4 files
复制代码

4.启动 main.go

$ go run main.go

2022-01-06T16:21:51.247+0800    INFO    boot/gf_entry.go:1050   Bootstrap gfEntry       {"eventId": "380e2b2d-9141-49e6-82bc-fe615d659a76", "entryName": "greeter"}
------------------------------------------------------------------------
endTime=2022-01-06T16:21:51.247683+08:00
startTime=2022-01-06T16:21:51.247006+08:00
elapsedNano=677174
timezone=CST
ids={"eventId":"380e2b2d-9141-49e6-82bc-fe615d659a76"}
app={"appName":"rk","appVersion":"","entryName":"greeter","entryType":"GfEntry"}
env={"arch":"amd64","az":"*","domain":"*","hostname":"lark.local","localIP":"10.8.0.2","os":"darwin","realm":"*","region":"*"}
payloads={"commonServiceEnabled":true,"commonServicePathPrefix":"/rk/v1/","gfPort":8080}
error={}
counters={}
pairs={}
timing={}
remoteAddr=localhost
operation=Bootstrap
resCode=OK
eventStatus=Ended
EOE
复制代码

5.验证

发送请求到 /v1/greeter，会被限流。

$ curl -X GET "localhost:8080/v1/greeter?name=rk-dev"
{
    "error":{
        "code":429,
        "status":"Too Many Requests",
        "message":"",
        "details":[
            "slow down your request"
        ]
    }
}
复制代码

发送请求到 /rk/v1/healthy，正常

$ curl localhost:8080/rk/v1/healthy                  
{"healthy":true}
复制代码

rk-boot 介绍

rk-boot 是一个可通过 YAML 启动多种 Web 服务的框架。有点类似于 Spring boot。通过集成 rk-xxx 系列库，可以启动多种 Web 框架。当然，用户也可以自定义 rk-xxx 库集成到 rk-boot 中。

rk-boot 亮点

通过同样格式的 YAML 文件，启动不同 Web 框架。

比如，我们可以通过如下文件，在一个进程中同时启动 gRPC, Gin, Echo, GoFrame 框架。统一团队内部的微服务布局。

依赖安装

go get github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/grpc
go get github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/gin
go get github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/echo
go get github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/gf
复制代码

boot.yaml

---
grpc:
  - name: grpc-server
    port: 8080
    enabled: true
    commonService:
      enabled: true
gin:
  - name: gin-server
    port: 8081
    enabled: true
    commonService:
      enabled: true
echo:
  - name: echo-server
    port: 8082
    enabled: true
    commonService:
      enabled: true
gf:
  - name: gf-server
    port: 8083
    enabled: true
    commonService:
      enabled: true
复制代码

main.go

// Copyright (c) 2021 rookie-ninja
//
// Use of this source code is governed by an Apache-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package main

import (
	"context"
	"github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot"
	_ "github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/echo"
	_ "github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/gf"
	_ "github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/gin"
	_ "github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/grpc"
)

// Application entrance.
func main() {
	// Create a new boot instance.
	boot := rkboot.NewBoot()

	// Bootstrap
	boot.Bootstrap(context.Background())

	// Wait for shutdown sig
	boot.WaitForShutdownSig(context.Background())
}
复制代码

验证

# gRPC throuth grpc-gateway
$ curl localhost:8080/rk/v1/healthy
{"healthy":true}

# Gin
$ curl localhost:8081/rk/v1/healthy
{"healthy":true}

# Echo
$ curl localhost:8082/rk/v1/healthy
{"healthy":true}

# GoFrame
$ curl localhost:8083/rk/v1/healthy
{"healthy":true}
复制代码

rk-boot 支持的 Web 框架

欢迎贡献新的 Web 框架到 rk-boot 系列中。

参考 docs & rk-gin 作为例子。

框架	开发状态	安装	依赖
Gin	Stable	go get github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/gin	rk-gin
gRPC	Stable	go get github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/grpc	rk-grpc
Echo	Stable	go get github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/echo	rk-echo
GoFrame	Stable	go get github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/gf	rk-gf
Fiber	Testing	go get github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/fiber	rk-fiber
go-zero	Testing	go get github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/zero	rk-zero
GorillaMux	Testing	go get github.com/rookie-ninja/rk-boot/mux	rk-mux

rk-gf 介绍

rk-gf 用于通过 YAML 启动 gogf/gf Web 服务。

支持的功能

根据 YAML 文件初始化如下的实例，如果是外部以来，均保持原生用法。

实例	介绍
ghttp.Server	原生 gogf/gf
Config	原生 spf13/viper 参数实例
Logger	原生 uber-go/zap 日志实例
EventLogger	用于记录 RPC 请求日志，使用 rk-query
Credential	用于从远程服务，例如 ETCD 拉取 Credential
Cert	从远程服务（ETCD 等等）中获取 TLS/SSL 证书，并启动 SSL/TLS
Prometheus	启动 Prometheus 客户端，并根据需要推送到 pushgateway
Swagger	本地启动 Swagger UI
CommonService	暴露通用 API
TV	TV 网页，展示微服务的基本信息
StaticFileHandler	启动 Web 形式的静态文件下载服务，后台存储支持本地文件系统和 pkger.

支持的中间件

rk-gf 会根据 YAML 文件初始化中间件。

Middleware	Description
Metrics	收集 RPC Metrics，并启动 prometheus
Log	使用 rk-query 记录每一个 RPC 日志
Trace	收集 RPC 调用链，并且发送数据到 stdout, 本地文件或者 jaeger open-telemetry/opentelemetry-go.
Panic	Recover from panic for RPC requests and log it.
Meta	收集服务元信息，添加到返回 Header 中
Auth	支持 [Basic Auth] & [API Key] 验证中间件
RateLimit	RPC 限速中间件
Timeout	RPC 超时中间件
CORS	CORS 中间件
JWT	JWT 验证
Secure	服务端安全中间件
CSRF	CSRF 中间件

GoFrame 完整 YAML 配置

---
#app:
#  description: "this is description"                      # Optional, default: ""
#  keywords: ["rk", "golang"]                              # Optional, default: []
#  homeUrl: "http://example.com"                           # Optional, default: ""
#  iconUrl: "http://example.com"                           # Optional, default: ""
#  docsUrl: ["http://example.com"]                         # Optional, default: []
#  maintainers: ["rk-dev"]                                 # Optional, default: []
#zapLogger:
#  - name: zap-logger                                      # Required
#    description: "Description of entry"                   # Optional
#eventLogger:
#  - name: event-logger                                    # Required
#    description: "Description of entry"                   # Optional
#cred:
#  - name: "local-cred"                                    # Required
#    provider: "localFs"                                   # Required, etcd, consul, localFs, remoteFs are supported options
#    description: "Description of entry"                   # Optional
#    locale: "*::*::*::*"                                  # Optional, default: *::*::*::*
#    paths:                                                # Optional
#      - "example/boot/full/cred.yaml"
#cert:
#  - name: "local-cert"                                    # Required
#    provider: "localFs"                                   # Required, etcd, consul, localFs, remoteFs are supported options
#    description: "Description of entry"                   # Optional
#    locale: "*::*::*::*"                                  # Optional, default: *::*::*::*
#    serverCertPath: "example/boot/full/server.pem"        # Optional, default: "", path of certificate on local FS
#    serverKeyPath: "example/boot/full/server-key.pem"     # Optional, default: "", path of certificate on local FS
#    clientCertPath: "example/client.pem"                  # Optional, default: "", path of certificate on local FS
#    clientKeyPath: "example/client.pem"                   # Optional, default: "", path of certificate on local FS
#config:
#  - name: rk-main                                         # Required
#    path: "example/boot/full/config.yaml"                 # Required
#    locale: "*::*::*::*"                                  # Required, default: *::*::*::*
#    description: "Description of entry"                   # Optional
gf:
  - name: greeter                                          # Required
    port: 8080                                             # Required
    enabled: true                                          # Required
#    description: "greeter server"                         # Optional, default: ""
#    cert:
#      ref: "local-cert"                                   # Optional, default: "", reference of cert entry declared above
#    sw:
#      enabled: true                                       # Optional, default: false
#      path: "sw"                                          # Optional, default: "sw"
#      jsonPath: ""                                        # Optional
#      headers: ["sw:rk"]                                  # Optional, default: []
#    commonService:
#      enabled: true                                       # Optional, default: false
#    static:
#      enabled: true                                       # Optional, default: false
#      path: "/rk/v1/static"                               # Optional, default: /rk/v1/static
#      sourceType: local                                   # Required, options: pkger, local
#      sourcePath: "."                                     # Required, full path of source directory
#    tv:
#      enabled:  true                                      # Optional, default: false
#    prom:
#      enabled: true                                       # Optional, default: false
#      path: ""                                            # Optional, default: "metrics"
#      pusher:
#        enabled: false                                    # Optional, default: false
#        jobName: "greeter-pusher"                         # Required
#        remoteAddress: "localhost:9091"                   # Required
#        basicAuth: "user:pass"                            # Optional, default: ""
#        intervalMs: 10000                                 # Optional, default: 1000
#        cert:                                             # Optional
#          ref: "local-test"                               # Optional, default: "", reference of cert entry declared above
#    logger:
#      zapLogger:
#        ref: zap-logger                                   # Optional, default: logger of STDOUT, reference of logger entry declared above
#      eventLogger:
#        ref: event-logger                                 # Optional, default: logger of STDOUT, reference of logger entry declared above
#    interceptors:
#      loggingZap:
#        enabled: true                                     # Optional, default: false
#        zapLoggerEncoding: "json"                         # Optional, default: "console"
#        zapLoggerOutputPaths: ["logs/app.log"]            # Optional, default: ["stdout"]
#        eventLoggerEncoding: "json"                       # Optional, default: "console"
#        eventLoggerOutputPaths: ["logs/event.log"]        # Optional, default: ["stdout"]
#      metricsProm:
#        enabled: true                                     # Optional, default: false
#      auth:
#        enabled: true                                     # Optional, default: false
#        basic:
#          - "user:pass"                                   # Optional, default: []
#        ignorePrefix:
#          - "/rk/v1"                                      # Optional, default: []
#        apiKey:
#          - "keys"                                        # Optional, default: []
#      meta:
#        enabled: true                                     # Optional, default: false
#        prefix: "rk"                                      # Optional, default: "rk"
#      tracingTelemetry:
#        enabled: true                                     # Optional, default: false
#        exporter:                                         # Optional, default will create a stdout exporter
#          file:
#            enabled: true                                 # Optional, default: false
#            outputPath: "logs/trace.log"                  # Optional, default: stdout
#          jaeger:
#            agent:
#              enabled: false                              # Optional, default: false
#              host: ""                                    # Optional, default: localhost
#              port: 0                                     # Optional, default: 6831
#            collector:
#              enabled: true                               # Optional, default: false
#              endpoint: ""                                # Optional, default: http://localhost:14268/api/traces
#              username: ""                                # Optional, default: ""
#              password: ""                                # Optional, default: ""
#      rateLimit:
#        enabled: false                                    # Optional, default: false
#        algorithm: "leakyBucket"                          # Optional, default: "tokenBucket"
#        reqPerSec: 100                                    # Optional, default: 1000000
#        paths:
#          - path: "/rk/v1/healthy"                        # Optional, default: ""
#            reqPerSec: 0                                  # Optional, default: 1000000
#      jwt:
#        enabled: true                                     # Optional, default: false
#        signingKey: "my-secret"                           # Required
#        ignorePrefix:                                     # Optional, default: []
#          - "/rk/v1/tv"
#          - "/sw"
#          - "/rk/v1/assets"
#        signingKeys:                                      # Optional
#          - "key:value"
#        signingAlgo: ""                                   # Optional, default: "HS256"
#        tokenLookup: "header:<name>"                      # Optional, default: "header:Authorization"
#        authScheme: "Bearer"                              # Optional, default: "Bearer"
#      secure:
#        enabled: true                                     # Optional, default: false
#        xssProtection: ""                                 # Optional, default: "1; mode=block"
#        contentTypeNosniff: ""                            # Optional, default: nosniff
#        xFrameOptions: ""                                 # Optional, default: SAMEORIGIN
#        hstsMaxAge: 0                                     # Optional, default: 0
#        hstsExcludeSubdomains: false                      # Optional, default: false
#        hstsPreloadEnabled: false                         # Optional, default: false
#        contentSecurityPolicy: ""                         # Optional, default: ""
#        cspReportOnly: false                              # Optional, default: false
#        referrerPolicy: ""                                # Optional, default: ""
#        ignorePrefix: []                                  # Optional, default: []
#      csrf:
#        enabled: true
#        tokenLength: 32                                   # Optional, default: 32
#        tokenLookup: "header:X-CSRF-Token"                # Optional, default: "header:X-CSRF-Token"
#        cookieName: "_csrf"                               # Optional, default: _csrf
#        cookieDomain: ""                                  # Optional, default: ""
#        cookiePath: ""                                    # Optional, default: ""
#        cookieMaxAge: 86400                               # Optional, default: 86400
#        cookieHttpOnly: false                             # Optional, default: false
#        cookieSameSite: "default"                         # Optional, default: "default", options: lax, strict, none, default
#        ignorePrefix: []                                  # Optional, default: []
复制代码

GoFrame 框架：快速实现服务端限流中间件

介绍

安装