Ubuntu 12
在线安装程序，也可以配置其他源
在/etc/apt/路径下的sources.list，可以先将其备份
mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak然后打开，添加以下内容
vim /etc/apt/sources.list#网易163源
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security multiverse
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main
#阿里源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
如果需要配置本地源，则在末尾添加
deb file:/目录 quantal main
如果需要配置网络代理
新建/etc/apt/apt.conf，添加以下内容
Acquire::http::proxy "http://IP:端口/";
sudo apt-get upgrade//更新软件(保守升级)
sudo apt-get update//更新软件列表
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade//更新软件(处理依赖关系,有些风险)
如果更新失败了，删除更新后重试。
rm -Rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
sudo apt-get -f install 是修复损坏的软件包，尝试卸载出错的包，重新安装正确版本的
安装时如果有依赖未安装的，可以试着添加其他更多的源。