1.最初にアップグレードします。
pip3 install --index-url https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple --upgrade pip
このタイムアウトのようなエラーが発生した場合：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 438, in _error_catcher
yield
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 519, in read
data = self._fp.read(amt) if not fp_closed else b""
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/cachecontrol/filewrapper.py", line 62, in read
data = self.__fp.read(amt)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 449, in read
n = self.readinto(b)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 493, in readinto
n = self.fp.readinto(b)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/socket.py", line 586, in readinto
return self._sock.recv_into(b)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 1009, in recv_into
return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 871, in read
return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 631, in read
v = self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
socket.timeout: The read operation timed out
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 224, in _main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/req_command.py", line 180, in wrapper
return func(self, options, args)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py", line 321, in run
reqs, check_supported_wheels=not options.target_dir
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/resolver.py", line 122, in resolve
requirements, max_rounds=try_to_avoid_resolution_too_deep,
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/resolvers.py", line 445, in resolve
state = resolution.resolve(requirements, max_rounds=max_rounds)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/resolvers.py", line 339, in resolve
failure_causes = self._attempt_to_pin_criterion(name, criterion)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/resolvers.py", line 207, in _attempt_to_pin_criterion
criteria = self._get_criteria_to_update(candidate)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/resolvelib/resolvers.py", line 198, in _get_criteria_to_update
for r in self._p.get_dependencies(candidate):
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/provider.py", line 172, in get_dependencies
for r in candidate.iter_dependencies(with_requires)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/provider.py", line 171, in <listcomp>
r
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/candidates.py", line 257, in iter_dependencies
requires = self.dist.requires() if with_requires else ()
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/candidates.py", line 239, in dist
self._prepare()
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/candidates.py", line 226, in _prepare
dist = self._prepare_distribution()
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/resolvelib/candidates.py", line 319, in _prepare_distribution
self._ireq, parallel_builds=True,
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 480, in prepare_linked_requirement
return self._prepare_linked_requirement(req, parallel_builds)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 505, in _prepare_linked_requirement
self.download_dir, hashes,
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 257, in unpack_url
hashes=hashes,
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 130, in get_http_url
from_path, content_type = download(link, temp_dir.path)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/download.py", line 163, in __call__
for chunk in chunks:
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/progress_bars.py", line 168, in iter
for x in it:
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/utils.py", line 88, in response_chunks
decode_content=False,
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 576, in stream
data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 541, in read
raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/contextlib.py", line 99, in __exit__
self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 443, in _error_catcher
raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out.
この状況は、実際には外国のWebサイトの速度制限が原因であるため、タイムアウトは常に誤って報告されます。このパラメーターを使用して、タイムアウトを延長したり、ソースを変更したりできます。同じ状況が発生した場合は、次のコマンドを試して、必要なサードパーティライブラリをインストールできます：pip3 install --index-url https://pypi.douban.com/simplexxxx。または、pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple xxxxを使用して、清華ミラーからライブラリを取得します。
2.清華の鏡像を使用して再試行します。
pip3 install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple virtualenv
正しくダウンロードしてください！！！
一般的なpipダウンロードミラー：
Ali ：https：//mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple
清華
：https：//pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple中国科学技術大学：https：// pypi .mirrors。ustc.edu.cn/ simplereference
：完璧な解決策：pipバージョン19.0.3を使用していますが、バージョン20.0.2が利用可能です…問題