1. DNCPサービスを理解する
DHCPを使用する利点：
- 管理者の作業負荷を軽減
- 入力エラーの可能性を回避する
- IPアドレスの競合を回避する
- IPアドレスセグメントを変更する場合、各ユーザーのIPアドレスを再割り当てする必要はありません
- IPアドレスの使用率の向上
- 便利なクライアント構成
DHCP配布方法：
- 自動割り当て：IPアドレスが割り当てられた後の永続的な使用
- 手動割り当て：IPアドレスはDHCPサーバー管理者によって指定されます
- 動的割り当て：他のクライアントが使用できるように、使用後にIPを解放します
2、DHCPリースプロセス
3、DHCPサーバーの構成
4、DHCPクライアント構成
5、DHCPリレーの原理と構成
DHCP構成ファイル
vi /etc/dhcp/dhcp.conf
ddns-update-style none;
subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.100.100 192.168.100.200;
option routers 192.168.100.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option domain-name "www.bdqn.com";
option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8;
option broadcast-address 192.168.100.255;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
host prtsvr {
hardware ethernet 00:0C:29:BC:CF:2F; ###第二台客户机的MAC地址
fixed-address 192.168.100.66;
}
}
#ddns-update-style none;
subnet 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.10.100 192.168.10.200;
option routers 192.168.10.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option domain-name "www.bdqn1.com";
#option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8;
#option broadcast-address 192.168.100.255;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
#host prtsvr {
#hardware ethernet 00:0C:29:BC:CF:2F; ###第二台客户机的MAC地址
#fixed-address 192.168.100.66;
# }
}
#ddns-update-style none;
subnet 192.168.20.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.20.100 192.168.20.200;
option routers 192.168.20.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option domain-name "www.bdqn2.com";
#option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8;
#option broadcast-address 192.168.100.255;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
#host prtsvr {
#hardware ethernet 00:0C:29:BC:CF:2F; ###第二台客户机的MAC地址
#fixed-address 192.168.100.66;
# }
}
トポロジ構成
SW2
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname SW2
[SW2]v b 10 20 30
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW2]int e0/0/1
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/1]p l a
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/1]p d v 10
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface Ethernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/1]int e0/0/2
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/2]p l a
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/2]p d v 20
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/2]un sh
Info: Interface Ethernet0/0/2 is not shutdown.
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/2]int e0/0/3
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/3]p l a
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/3]p d v 30
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/3]un sh
Info: Interface Ethernet0/0/3 is not shutdown.
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/3]int g0/0/1
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p l a
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p l t
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p t a v a
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[SW2]
RSW1
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname RWS1
[RWS1]dhcp enable
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.
[RWS1]v b 10 20 30
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[RWS1]int g0/0/1
[RWS1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p l t
[RWS1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p t a v a
[RWS1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[RWS1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[RWS1]int Vlanif 10
[RWS1-Vlanif10]ip add 192.168.10.1 24
[RWS1-Vlanif10]dhcp select relay
[RWS1-Vlanif10]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.100.10
[RWS1-Vlanif10]q
[RWS1]int Vlanif 20
[RWS1-Vlanif20]ip add 192.168.20.1 24
[RWS1-Vlanif20]dhcp select relay
[RWS1-Vlanif20]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.100.10
[RWS1-Vlanif20]q
[RWS1]int Vlanif 30
[RWS1-Vlanif30]ip add 192.168.100.1 24
[RWS1-Vlanif30]q
[RWS1]ping 192.168.100.10
PING 192.168.100.10: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 192.168.100.10: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=64 time=50 ms
Reply from 192.168.100.10: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=64 time=50 ms
Reply from 192.168.100.10: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=64 time=50 ms
Reply from 192.168.100.10: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=64 time=60 ms
--- 192.168.100.10 ping statistics ---
4 packet(s) transmitted
4 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 50/52/60 ms
[RWS1]ping 192.168.100.10
PING 192.168.100.10: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 192.168.100.10: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=64 time=110 ms
Reply from 192.168.100.10: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=64 time=70 ms
Reply from 192.168.100.10: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=64 time=60 ms
Reply from 192.168.100.10: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=64 time=50 ms
Reply from 192.168.100.10: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=64 time=50 ms
--- 192.168.100.10 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 50/68/110 ms