01-installation mysql (installation tr/min + installation binaire)
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- 1. Installation en mode tr/min
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- 1. Vérifiez si mariadb est installé
- 2. Téléchargez MySQL
- 3. Téléchargez et décompressez
- 4.Installation
- 5. Vérifiez l'installation
- 6. Démarrez le service MySQL
- 7. Connectez-vous à MySQL
- 8. Modifier les règles de définition du mot de passe (type simple - pour l'apprentissage)
- 9. Changer le mot de passe
- 10. Autoriser la connexion à distance
- 11. Démarrer et arrêter les commandes MySQL
- 12. Instructions d'installation en mode tr/min
- 2. Installez la V5.7.18 en mode binaire
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- 1. Téléchargez et décompressez
- 2. Créez le répertoire d'installation
- 3. Copiez le fichier décompressé dans le répertoire d'installation /usr/local/mysql/
- 4. Créez des répertoires pertinents
- 5. Créez un groupe et un utilisateur MySQL
- 6. Modifier la propriété du répertoire d'installation
- 7. Initialisez MySQL
- 8. Configurer MySQL
- 9. Démarrez MySQL
- 10. Configurer les variables d'environnement
- 11. Autoriser l'accès à distance au compte root
- 12. Configurez le service MySQL pour qu'il démarre automatiquement au démarrage
- 13. Le service MySQL démarre
1. Installation en mode tr/min
1. Vérifiez si mariadb est installé
[root-mysql ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
[root-mysql ~]#
Désinstallation du nettoyage :rpm -e nom de fichier
[root-mysql ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
[root-mysql ~]#
[root-mysql ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
[rootdb-mysql ~]#
2. Téléchargez MySQL
Adresse du site officiel : https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
3. Téléchargez et décompressez
[root-mysql ~]# mkdir mysql-bundle
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]#
4.Installation
## 安装mysql所依赖的包
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.e################################# [100%]
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7################################# [100%]
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.e################################# [100%]
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]#
## 安装mysql服务
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]#
Erreur : échec des dépendances :
net-tools est requis par mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
résoudre:
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]# yum install -y net-tools
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]# yum install -y perl
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]# yum install -y libaio
## 再次安装mysql服务
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.e################################# [100%]
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]#
5. Vérifiez l'installation
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]#
6. Démarrez le service MySQL
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]# systemctl start mysqld
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2022-12-22 10:48:53 CST; 9s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 2190 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 2140 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 2194 (mysqld)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─2194 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
Dec 22 10:48:50 centos01 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Dec 22 10:48:53 centos01 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
[root-mysql mysql-bundle]#
7. Connectez-vous à MySQL
Lorsque vous démarrez MySQL pour la première fois, un mot de passe aléatoire sera automatiquement généré, qui peut être consulté dans /var/log/mysqld.log.
[root-mysql ~]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2022-12-22T02:48:50.966917Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root: q=VIgtgHH7p_
2022-12-22T02:54:05.987706Z 2 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
2022-12-22T02:54:14.598377Z 3 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
2022-12-22T02:54:27.747247Z 4 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
[root-mysql ~]#
8. Modifier les règles de définition du mot de passe (type simple - pour l'apprentissage)
[root mysql-bundle]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
[root mysql-bundle]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.37
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=LOW;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_length=4;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_number_count=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_special_char_count=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
9. Changer le mot de passe
mysql> alter user root identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
10. Autoriser la connexion à distance
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql>
test:
11. Démarrer et arrêter les commandes MySQL
## 启动 mysql 服务
[root-mysql ~]# systemctl start mysqld
## 关闭
[root-mysql ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
## 重启
[root-mysql ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
## 状态查看
[root-mysql ~]# systemctl status mysqld
## 设置开机自启
[root-mysql ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
12. Instructions d'installation en mode tr/min
## rpm方式重要文件路径说明
主要文件默认路径如下:
配置文件路径:/etc/my.cnf
数据存储目录:/var/lib/mysql
错误日志存储路径:/var/log/mysqld.log
socket文件路径:/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
参数可以通过/etc/my.cnf参数配置文件查看和自定义。
2. Installez la V5.7.18 en mode binaire
1. Téléchargez et décompressez
[root-mysql mysql-tar]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
2. Créez le répertoire d'installation
[root-mysql mysql-tar]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql
3. Copiez le fichier décompressé dans le répertoire d'installation /usr/local/mysql/
[root-mysql ~]# mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql/
4. Créez des répertoires pertinents
[root-mysql mysql]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
[root-mysql mysql]#
[root-mysql mysql]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/log
[root-mysql mysql]#
[root-mysql mysql]# touch /usr/local/mysql/log/mysqld.log
[root-mysql mysql]#
[root-mysql mysql]#
5. Créez un groupe et un utilisateur MySQL
[root-mysql mysql]# groupadd mysql
[root-mysql mysql]#
[root-mysql mysql]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
[root-mysql mysql]#
6. Modifier la propriété du répertoire d'installation
[root-mysql mysql]# chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/
[root-mysql mysql]# chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/
Ou utiliser:
[root-mysql mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
7. Initialisez MySQL
[root-mysql mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
8. Configurer MySQL
[root-mysql mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysqld.sock
user=mysql
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8
skip-grant-tables
symbolic-links=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[client]
socket=/tmp/mysqld.sock
9. Démarrez MySQL
[root-mysql mysql]# cd support-files/
[root-mysql support-files]# sh mysql.server start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root-mysql support-files]#
Vérifiez si le service MySQL démarre avec succès
[root-mysql support-files]# sh mysql.server status
SUCCESS! MySQL running (2294)
[root-mysql support-files]#
10. Configurer les variables d'environnement
[root-mysql support-files]# vi /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
Faire en sorte que la configuration prenne effet
[root-mysql support-files]# source /etc/profile
11. Autoriser l'accès à distance au compte root
[root-mysql support-files]# mysql -u root -p
Un message d'erreur est signalé lors de la modification du mot de passe de la base de données mysql :
ERREUR 1290 (HY000) : Le serveur MySQL s'exécute avec l'option --skip-grant-tables et ne peut donc pas exécuter cette instruction.
Solution : actualisez d'abord la table des autorisations
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
12. Configurez le service MySQL pour qu'il démarre automatiquement au démarrage
[root-mysql mysql]# systemctl status mysqld
Erreur : L'unité mysqld.service est introuvable.
[root-mysql mysql]# find / -name mysql.server
/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
[root-mysql mysql]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root-mysql mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld
mysqld.service is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.
Executing /sbin/chkconfig mysqld on
[root-mysql mysql]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL
Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
[root-mysql mysql]#
13. Le service MySQL démarre
[root-mysql mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root-mysql mysql]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL
Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (exited) since 三 2023-05-10 18:28:08 CST; 2s ago
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
Process: 10873 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
5月 10 18:28:08 db-mysql systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MySQL...
5月 10 18:28:08 db-mysql mysqld[10873]: Starting MySQL SUCCESS!
5月 10 18:28:08 db-mysql systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MySQL.
5月 10 18:28:08 db-mysql mysqld[10873]: 2023-05-10T10:28:08.620811Z mysqld_safe A mysqld process already exists
[root-mysql mysql]#