Django-Installation und -Konfiguration
Verwenden Sie pip, um Django zu installieren:
pip install django
conda install django
Stellen Sie sicher, dass Django erfolgreich installiert wurde
import django
django.__version__ ## django.get_version()
Erstellen Sie ein neues Django-Projekt mit dem Namen blog,
D:\>cd web-project
D:\web-project>django-admin startproject blog
#web-project ist ein Verzeichnis zum Speichern von Webprojekten
Erstellen Sie eine neue Anwendung (App)
Erstellen Sie die Anwendung Learn unter dem Blog-Projekt. Der Befehl lautet wie folgt:
D:\web-project\blog>python manage.py startapp learn
Der obige Befehl erstellt ein Verzeichnis mit dem Namen learn im Verzeichnis D:\web-project\blog. Der Inhalt des Verzeichnisses ist wie in der Abbildung dargestellt:
Hinweis: Unter einem Projekt können mehrere Anwendungen vorhanden sein
Fügen Sie die neu definierte App zu INSTALL_APPS in Settings.py hinzu
Ändern Sie blog/blog/settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = (
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'learn',
)
Wenn die neu erstellte App nicht zu INSTALL_APPS hinzugefügt wird, kann Django die Vorlagendateien (Dateien unter App-Name/templates/) und statischen Dateien (Dateien unter App-Name/static/) in der App nicht automatisch finden.
Beachten Sie beim Starten des Servers, wo sich die Datei manage.py befindet
(mydjango) D:\web-project\blog>python manage.py runserver 8001
Sie müssen keinen Port angeben, der Standardport ist 8000
Sicht
from django.shortcuts import render
# coding:utf-8
from django.http import HttpResponse
def index(request):
return HttpResponse(u"何物遍开幽谷？何物徒留芬芳？")
"""
URL configuration for blog project.
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
1. Add an import: from my_app import views
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from learn import views as learn_views # new
urlpatterns = [
path('', learn_views.index), # new
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
Erstellen Sie eine Website
"""
Django settings for testHw project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 4.2.7.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/
"""
from pathlib import Path
# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-*^b6dmzwcj_$$qz1nav&i@**7-seyvazku3tq$^@vxz8y!$8$*'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'testHw.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'testHw.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = 'static/'
# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#default-auto-field
DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'index',
]
from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
def index(request):
return render(request, 'index.html', context={
'title':'首页'},status=500)
"""
URL configuration for testHw project.
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
1. Add an import: from my_app import views
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from index import views
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('', views.index),
]
