Author: Zen and the Art of Computer Programming
1 Introduction
Netty is a Java high-performance network application framework provided by JBOSS. Through Netty's efficient buffer pool, channel pipeline, event-driven mechanism and other technologies, the inherent asynchronous and non-blocking characteristics are realized. In order to simplify development difficulty and improve development efficiency, Netty has launched a series of open source components such as Socket communication module (netty-transport), codec module (netty-codec), multi-thread processing module (netty-handler) and other modules. . Although Netty provides very rich functions, its underlying layer still relies on NIO to implement IO operations. Therefore, if you want to have a deeper understanding of the Netty network programming model and its characteristics, you need to have a deep understanding of NIO.
Compared with frameworks such as Spring, Hibernate and MyBatis, Netty can be said to be a "small but beautiful" component, which is more suitable for use as a basic communication tool or application framework. This article will elaborate on the role of Netty in network programming from the aspects of receiving and parsing Http request messages, sending and compressing Http response messages, and implementing HTTPS/SSL/TLS. In addition, this article will also cover some details related to Netty and HTTP protocol, such as the composition of HTTP message headers, HTTP request and response status codes, HTTP protocol version, connection management, Cookie management, WebSockets protocol, etc. I hope readers can learn some knowledge and skills of Netty in the field of network programming from this article, and further improve their practical abilities.
2. Explanation of basic concepts and terms
2.1 Basic concepts of Netty
Netty is an open source communication framework based on the Java language. It provides an asynchronous, event-driven network application development framework, allowing developers to quickly and easily develop robust, high-throughput network applications. The table below is N