Dockerfile собирает LNMP для запуска платформы Wordpress

1. Проект

1.1 Среда проекта

В реальной производственной среде компании необходимо использовать технологию Docker для создания службы LNMP и запуска платформы веб-сайта Wordpress на хосте. Затем выполните соответствующие работы по настройке производительности и управлению этой службой.

Загрузите все установочные пакеты:

wget http://101.34.22.188/lnmp_wordpress/mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz
wget http://101.34.22.188/lnmp_wordpress/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
wget http://101.34.22.188/lnmp_wordpress/php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
wget http://101.34.22.188/lnmp_wordpress/wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
> 或者
wget -r -np http://101.34.22.188/lnmp_wordpress/

1.2 Серверная среда

контейнер	Операционная система	айпи адрес	основное программное обеспечение
nginx	ЦентОС 7	172.20.0.10	Докер-Nginx
MySQL	ЦентОС 7	172.20.0.20	Докер-Mysql
php	ЦентОС 7	172.20.0.30	Докер-php

1.3 Требования к задаче

Используйте Docker для создания среды LNMP и запуска платформы веб-сайта Wordpress.

Ограничьте контейнер Nginx использованием до 500 МБ памяти и 1 ГБ подкачки.

Ограничьте скорость записи контейнера Mysql до /dev/sda до 10 МБ/с.

Сделайте снимок всех контейнеров, затем упакуйте образ Docker в пакет tar и создайте резервную копию локально.

2. Базовый образ системы Linux.

systemctl disable --now firewalld
setenforce 0

docker pull centos:7		#从公有仓库中下载 centos7 作为系统基础镜像
docker images

3. Нгинкс

1. Создайте рабочий каталог

[root@docker ~]# mkdir /opt/nginx
[root@docker ~]# cd /opt/nginx
[root@docker nginx]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
#上传 nginx 安装包 nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
[root@docker nginx]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
#上传 wordpress 服务包 wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz

2. Напишите скрипт Dockerfile.

[root@docker nginx]# vim Dockerfile

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is nginx image <lnmp>
RUN yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
ADD nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/nginx-1.12.0
RUN ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module;make -j 4 && make install
ENV PATH /usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
ADD nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/
ADD wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz /usr/local/nginx/html
RUN chmod 777 -R /usr/local/nginx/html/
EXPOSE 80
VOLUME [ "/usr/local/nginx/html/" ]
CMD [ "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;" ]

3. Подготовьте файл конфигурации nginx.conf.

[root@docker nginx]# ls
Dockerfile  nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz  nginx.conf  wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
[root@docker nginx]# egrep -v "^(.)*#(.)*$" nginx.conf | grep -v "^$"
worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        charset utf-8;
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.php;
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   172.20.0.30:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
    }
}

4. Создайте зеркальное изображение

[root@docker nginx]# docker build -t nginx:lnmp .
[root@docker nginx]#docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
nginx        lnmp      5a0e0043669b   35 seconds ago   598MB
centos       7         eeb6ee3f44bd   23 months ago    204MB

5. Создайте собственную сеть

[root@docker nginx]# docker network create --subnet=172.20.0.0/16 --opt "com.docker.network.bridge.name"="docker1" mynetwork
790d9ac4da077b7b5d37738f500554f145190363eb9dee49a75330c344941393
[root@docker nginx]#  docker network ls
NETWORK ID     NAME        DRIVER    SCOPE
5e8ef229859a   bridge      bridge    local
ef6adc314f24   host        host      local
de756c384380   mynetwork   bridge    local
d06f318f929d   none        null      local
[root@docker nginx]# ifconfig docker1
docker1: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.20.0.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.20.255.255
        ether 02:42:03:a1:95:19  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

6. Запустите зеркальный контейнер

[root@docker nginx]#  docker run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 -m 500m --memory-swap 1g --net mynetwork --ip 172.20.0.10 nginx:lnmp
41442cbff5029e002412a3df6d7b0af20ca1558c15dee36f12777008cb9308c5
[root@docker nginx]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE        COMMAND                   CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                               NAMES
1b5245030e46   nginx:lnmp   "/usr/local/nginx/sb…"   16 seconds ago   Up 15 seconds   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   nginx
[root@docker nginx]#  docker inspect nginx

7. Проверьте nginx

[root@docker nginx]#  curl http://192.168.174.15:80
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

4. MySQL

1. Создайте рабочий каталог

[root@docker nginx]#  mkdir /opt/mysql
[root@docker nginx]#  cd /opt/mysql/
[root@docker mysql]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
#传入mysql安装包mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz

2. Напишите Dockerfile

[root@docker mysql]# vim Dockerfile 

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is mysql image <lnmp>
RUN yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
ADD mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.20/
RUN cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1;make -j4;make install
ADD my.cnf /etc/my.cnf
EXPOSE 3306
RUN chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/;chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
WORKDIR /usr/local/mysql/bin/
RUN ./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data;cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/;systemctl enable mysqld
ENV PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH
VOLUME [ "/usr/local/mysql" ]
CMD ["/usr/sbin/init"]

3. Подготовьте файл my.cnf.

[root@docker mysql]# vim my.cnf

[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

4. Создайте зеркальное изображение

[root@docker mysql]# docker build -t mysql:lnmp .
[root@docker mysql]# docker images                                                                           REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
nginx        lnmp      d4fe3c888a2d   3 minutes ago    598MB
mysql        lnmp      7f0f3a49d67e   14 minutes ago   10.1GB
centos       7         eeb6ee3f44bd   23 months ago    204MB

5. Запустите зеркальный контейнер.

[root@docker mysql]#docker run --name=mysql -d --privileged --device-write-bps /dev/sda:10M -v /usr/local/mysql --net mynetwork --ip 172.20.0.20 mysql:lnmp
a2caf0708e3993407b81855b16826d7ffd59063b251a189c803a0a51afff5553
[root@docker mysql]#  docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                   CREATED          STATUS                     PORTS      NAMES
a2caf0708e39   mysql:lnmp     "/usr/sbin/init"          56 seconds ago   Up 46 seconds              3306/tcp   mysql
1b5245030e46   5a0e0043669b   "/usr/local/nginx/sb…"   51 minutes ago   Exited (0) 7 minutes ago              nginx

6. Проверьте MySQL

[root@docker mysql]# docker exec -it mysql bash
[root@31ca97f27c93 bin]#  systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: activating (start) since Sun 2023-08-20 12:34:12 UTC; 57s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 70 ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 49 ExecStartPre=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   CGroup: /docker/31ca97f27c93b75d223f478d4fc4fa8617fa486caf18036a03253cd5d133edbb/system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─72 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid

Пять, Php

1. Создайте рабочий каталог

[root@docker  mysql]# mkdir ../php
[root@docker  mysql]# cd ../php/
[root@docker  php]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
#传入php安装包php-7.1.10.tar.bz2

2. Напишите скрипт Dockerfile.

[root@docker php]# vim Dockerfile 

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is php image <lnmp>
RUN yum install -y gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel \
gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
ADD php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 /usr/local/src/
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/php-7.1.10
RUN ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip ; make -j 4 ; make install
ENV PATH /usr/local/php/bin:/usr/local/php/sbin:$PATH
ADD php.ini     /usr/local/php/lib/
ADD php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/
ADD www.conf /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
EXPOSE 9000
CMD /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -F

3. Подготовьте файлы конфигурации php.ini, php-fpm.conf, www.conf.

3.1 php.ini

Шаблон файла конфигурации находится в папке php-7.1.10/php.ini-development каталога установки.

[root@docker php]# vim php.ini
#939行,取消注释，修改
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
#1170行,修改
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[root@docker php]# egrep -v "^;" php.ini | egrep -v "^$"
[PHP]
engine = On
short_open_tag = Off
precision = 14
output_buffering = 4096
zlib.output_compression = Off
implicit_flush = Off
unserialize_callback_func =
serialize_precision = -1
disable_functions =
disable_classes =
zend.enable_gc = On
expose_php = On
max_execution_time = 30
max_input_time = 60
memory_limit = 128M
error_reporting = E_ALL
display_errors = On
display_startup_errors = On
log_errors = On
log_errors_max_len = 1024
ignore_repeated_errors = Off
ignore_repeated_source = Off
report_memleaks = On
track_errors = On
html_errors = On
variables_order = "GPCS"
request_order = "GP"
register_argc_argv = Off
auto_globals_jit = On
post_max_size = 8M
auto_prepend_file =
auto_append_file =
default_mimetype = "text/html"
default_charset = "UTF-8"
doc_root =
user_dir =
enable_dl = Off
file_uploads = On
upload_max_filesize = 2M
max_file_uploads = 20
allow_url_fopen = On
allow_url_include = Off
default_socket_timeout = 60
[CLI Server]
cli_server.color = On
[Date]
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
[filter]
[iconv]
[intl]
[sqlite3]
[Pcre]
[Pdo]
[Pdo_mysql]
pdo_mysql.cache_size = 2000
pdo_mysql.default_socket=
[Phar]
[mail function]
SMTP = localhost
smtp_port = 25
mail.add_x_header = On
[SQL]
sql.safe_mode = Off
[ODBC]
odbc.allow_persistent = On
odbc.check_persistent = On
odbc.max_persistent = -1
odbc.max_links = -1
odbc.defaultlrl = 4096
odbc.defaultbinmode = 1
[Interbase]
ibase.allow_persistent = 1
ibase.max_persistent = -1
ibase.max_links = -1
ibase.timestampformat = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
ibase.dateformat = "%Y-%m-%d"
ibase.timeformat = "%H:%M:%S"
[MySQLi]
mysqli.max_persistent = -1
mysqli.allow_persistent = On
mysqli.max_links = -1
mysqli.cache_size = 2000
mysqli.default_port = 3306
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
mysqli.default_host =
mysqli.default_user =
mysqli.default_pw =
mysqli.reconnect = Off
[mysqlnd]
mysqlnd.collect_statistics = On
mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics = On
[OCI8]
[PostgreSQL]
pgsql.allow_persistent = On
pgsql.auto_reset_persistent = Off
pgsql.max_persistent = -1
pgsql.max_links = -1
pgsql.ignore_notice = 0
pgsql.log_notice = 0
[bcmath]
bcmath.scale = 0
[browscap]
[Session]
session.save_handler = files
session.use_strict_mode = 0
session.use_cookies = 1
session.use_only_cookies = 1
session.name = PHPSESSID
session.auto_start = 0
session.cookie_lifetime = 0
session.cookie_path = /
session.cookie_domain =
session.cookie_httponly =
session.serialize_handler = php
session.gc_probability = 1
session.gc_divisor = 1000
session.gc_maxlifetime = 1440
session.referer_check =
session.cache_limiter = nocache
session.cache_expire = 180
session.use_trans_sid = 0
session.sid_length = 26
session.trans_sid_tags = "a=href,area=href,frame=src,form="
session.sid_bits_per_character = 5
[Assertion]
zend.assertions = 1
[COM]
[mbstring]
[gd]
[exif]
[Tidy]
tidy.clean_output = Off
[soap]
soap.wsdl_cache_enabled=1
soap.wsdl_cache_dir="/tmp"
soap.wsdl_cache_ttl=86400
soap.wsdl_cache_limit = 5
[sysvshm]
[ldap]
ldap.max_links = -1
[mcrypt]
[dba]
[opcache]
[curl]
[openssl]

3.2 php-fpm.conf

Файл конфигурации находится по адресу /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default.

[root@docker php]# vim php-fpm.conf.default

#17行，删除注释符号“;”
pid = run/php-fpm.pid

[root@docker php]# egrep -v "^;" php-fpm.conf | egrep -v "^$"
[global]
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
include=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf

3.3 www.conf

Файл конфигурации находится по адресу usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default.

[root@docker php]# vim www.conf 
#23、24行，修改用户和组
user = nginx
group = nginx
#36行，修改监听IP和端口为容器IP:9000端口
listen = 172.20.0.30:9000

[root@docker php]# egrep -v "^;" www.conf | egrep -v "^$"
[www]
user = nginx
group = nginx
listen = 172.20.0.30:9000
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 5
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 3

4. Создайте зеркальное изображение

[root@docker  php]# docker build -t php:lnmp .
[root@docker php]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED              SIZE
php          lnmp      10515f9b4707   About a minute ago   1.35GB
mysql        lnmp      cd27f2be29d9   21 minutes ago       10.1GB
nginx        lnmp      29a24033b897   2 hours ago          598MB
centos       7         eeb6ee3f44bd   23 months ago        204MB

5. Запустите зеркальный контейнер.

[root@docker php]# docker run -itd --name php --net mynetwork --ip 172.20.0.30 -p 9000:9000 --volumes-from nginx --volumes-from mysql php:lnmp
3ae8287681c9b5db297a3ce92c8fb9dfacda9dbdb1d80cfe5930208f46a03037
[root@docker php]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE        COMMAND                   CREATED             STATUS             PORTS                               NAMES
31ca97f27c93   mysql:lnmp   "/usr/sbin/init"          20 minutes ago      Up 20 minutes      3306/tcp                            mysql
79f03202741d   nginx:lnmp   "/usr/local/nginx/sb…"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   nginx

6. Проверьте PHP

[root@docker php]# docker exec -it php bash
[root@03e251af5164 php-7.1.10]# ps -aux
USER        PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root          1  0.0  0.1 113028  7516 pts/0    Ss+  14:41   0:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf)
nginx         7  0.0  0.0 113028  3768 pts/0    S+   14:41   0:00 php-fpm: pool www
nginx         8  0.0  0.0 113028  3768 pts/0    S+   14:41   0:00 php-fpm: pool www
root          9  0.1  0.0  11828  1876 pts/1    Ss   14:57   0:00 bash
root         23  0.0  0.0  51732  1728 pts/1    R+   14:57   0:00 ps -aux

6. Запустите службу WordPress.

1. авторизация MySQL

Введите контейнер MySQL

[root@e75631cda20b bin]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
#初始密码为空
mysql> create database wordpress;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

2. Проверка доступа через браузер

Посетите http://192.168.174.15/wordpress/index.php.