Recently, I studied the data about the ocean and opened the door to a new world. I will record it here. Friends are welcome to exchange and supplement!
1. A website that provides standard oceanographic geospatial data
First on the link:
Some of the more valuable data include:
1. Various maritime boundaries (including exclusive economic zone, territorial sea, contiguous zone, internal waters, high seas, archipelagic waters, extended continental shelf, etc.)
The data is delineated according to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Due to changes in countries, whether countries sign or withdraw from the Convention, and changes in various disputed areas, this data will be updated over time.
2. IHO marine areas
The boundaries of the world's major oceans, a total of 101 oceans, will also be updated over time.
3. Global oceans
The dataset contains the boundaries of 10 major oceans (Arctic Ocean, North Atlantic and South Atlantic, North Atlantic and South Pacific, Southern Ocean, Indian Ocean, Baltic Sea, Mediterranean region, South China and Eastern Archipelago Sea).
4. Marine protected areas
Natura 2000 data - the European network of protected sites — European Environment Agency
5. UNESCO Ocean World Heritage Area
6. ETOPO1 global terrain model
Resolution 1 arcmin
7. GEBCO marine data (including bathymetry data set, GEBCO digital atlas, GEBCO world map and GEBCO seabed feature name gazetteer)
The official website says that the data will be updated once a year. The data for 2023 has been released, with a resolution of 15 arc seconds, and provides data in three formats: netCDF, Geotiff, and ESRI ASCII raster.
2. ETOPO 2022
ETOPO 2022 replaces the previous ETOPO1. ETOPO (Earth Topography) full name: ETOPO Global Relief Model, is a global water depth terrain elevation dataset that integrates terrain, bathymetry and coastline data from regional and global datasets to provide a comprehensive, high-resolution description of surface geophysical features.
ETOPO 2022 features an enhanced 15-arc-second resolution, which incorporates the latest advances in data sources and processing technologies since the release of ETOPO1 in 2010. The ETOPO 2022 model uses a combination of numerous airborne lidar, satellite terrain and shipboard bathymetry datasets from the United States. We employ state-of-the-art computational methods, including machine learning, to identify and correct data errors such as seams caused by stitching of disparate data sources, point artifacts caused by instrumentation and post-processing errors, and Elevation bias induced by dense vegetation and urban structures to improve the relative and absolute horizontal geolocation and vertical accuracy of the ETOPO global terrain model. We also independently validate the input dataset and the final ETOPO 2022 model using large-scale bare-Earth terrain data from NASA ICESat-2 and other vetted data sources.
Download link:
ETOPO Global Relief Model | National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
3. 10-meter high-resolution global mangrove distribution dataset
The International Research Center for Big Data for Sustainable Development (SDG Center) has made progress in high-precision global mangrove mapping research and developed the first high-spatial-resolution (10-meter) global mangrove distribution dataset (HGMF_2020). The research results were published in the top comprehensive journal "Science Bulletin" (IF: 20.577), and associate researcher Jia Mingming is the first author of the paper. This research was supported by the SDG Center Open Research Program - Young Scientist Program (CBAS2022ORP06).
Researchers such as Jia Mingming from the SDG Center, using remote sensing big data and Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform, integrated image maximum synthesis algorithm (MSIC) and object-oriented random forest algorithm (OBRF), proposed an efficient, high-precision, The highly robust mangrove mapping method system has constructed the first high-spatial-resolution (10-meter) global mangrove distribution dataset, named HGMF_2020. Compared with the previously released global mangrove datasets, HGMF_2020 has the following three advantages: ①The spatial resolution is higher, and the finely depicted mangrove patches contain attribute information with clear geographical significance; ②The mangrove patches The spatial form is complete and the boundaries are clear, which can be directly used for subsequent research and analysis; ③The error of omission is low, including more scattered small areas of mangroves, and the overall mapping accuracy reaches more than 95%.
The results show that the total area of mangroves in the world in 2020 is 145,068 km², of which the mangrove resources in Asia are the most abundant, accounting for about 39.2% of the total global area; Indonesia's mangrove resources are the most abundant in all countries, with a total area of about 28,631 km². Further analysis found that there are 336,972 mangrove patches in the world, of which more than 95% are less than 1 km² in area, which shows that the mangrove habitat is relatively fragmented.
The researchers also analyzed the protection of mangroves around the world, and the results showed that 44% of the world's mangroves are located in protected areas, of which South America has the largest area of protected mangroves, and South Asia has the highest proportion of protected mangroves. By analyzing the HGMF_2020 forest belt width, the role of mangroves in resisting natural disasters was quantitatively described. The results showed that almost all mangroves in the world have a clear role in wind and wave resistance.
The HGMF_2020 data set can be viewed directly on the GEE platform, and the data download address is released with the article.
Citation:
M. Jia, Z. Wang, D. Mao, C. Ren, K. Song, C. Zhao, C. Wang, X. Xiao, Y. Wang. Mapping global distribution of mangrove forests at 10-m resolution, Science Bulletin (2023), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2023.05.004
Article link: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2023.05.004
Data download address: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/PKAN93