Al realizar experimentos de base de datos en memoria, a menudo sucede que los parámetros de memoria se configuran incorrectamente, lo que hace que la base de datos no se inicie. Por ejemplo, inmemory_size se establece demasiado grande o no hay unidad al configurar. En este punto, debe restaurar el spfile. Este artículo analiza el proceso de recuperación cuando el spfile está en ASM.
El error al iniciar la base de datos es:
[oracle@bigt01 dbim]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Apr 26 02:18:19 2023
Version 19.18.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2022, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [ktsima_get_poolsize-1], [13421770], [16777216], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
SQL>
Obtenga la ubicación actual del spfile de srvctl:
# 获取数据库名
$ srvctl config
DB0410_nrt1pv
# 获取数据库配置，其中有spfile的位置
$ srvctl config database -d DB0410_nrt1pv
Database unique name: DB0410_nrt1pv
Database name: DB0410
Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0.0/dbhome_1
Oracle user: oracle
Spfile: +DATA/DB0410_NRT1PV/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.262.1133756061
Password file:
Domain: sub07290808380.training.oraclevcn.com
Start options: open
Stop options: immediate
Database role: PRIMARY
Management policy: AUTOMATIC
Server pools:
Disk Groups: RECO,DATA
Mount point paths: /opt/oracle/dcs/commonstore
Services: DB0410_orclpdb1.paas.oracle.com
Type: SINGLE
OSDBA group: dba
OSOPER group: dbaoper
Database instance: DB0410
Configured nodes: bigt02
CSS critical: no
CPU count: 0
Memory target: 0
Maximum memory: 0
Default network number for database services:
Database is administrator managed
Por supuesto, ejecutar asmcmd como usuario de grid también puede obtener su ubicación:
$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> lsdg
State Type Rebal Sector Logical_Sector Block AU Total_MB Free_MB Req_mir_free_MB Usable_file_MB Offline_disks Voting_files Name
MOUNTED EXTERN N 512 512 4096 4194304 1048576 706888 0 706888 0 Y DATA/
MOUNTED EXTERN N 512 512 4096 4194304 524288 520956 0 520956 0 N RECO/
ASMCMD> cd DATA/
ASMCMD> cd DB0410_NRT1PV/
ASMCMD> cd PARAMETERFILE/
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name
PARAMETERFILE UNPROT COARSE APR 26 02:00:00 Y spfile.262.1133756061
Una vez que sepa su ubicación, puede crear un pfile basado en él:
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Apr 26 11:45:43 2023
Version 19.18.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2022, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> create pfile from spfile='&1';
Enter value for 1: +DATA/DB0410_NRT1PV/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.262.1133756061
old 1: create pfile from spfile='&1'
new 1: create pfile from spfile='+DATA/DB0410_NRT1PV/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.262.1133756061'
File created.
La ubicación predeterminada de pfile está en $ORACLE_HOME/dbs, obviamente este ejemplo es initDB0410.ora:
$ date
Wed Apr 26 11:47:44 UTC 2023
[oracle@bigt02 bigtable]$ ll $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
total 16
-rw-rw---- 1 oracle asmadmin 1544 Apr 25 23:59 hc_DB0410.dat
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle asmadmin 2408 Apr 26 11:46 initDB0410.ora
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3079 May 14 2015 init.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2048 Apr 10 04:07 orapwDB0410
Echemos un vistazo a este archivo:
$ cat $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initDB0410.ora
DB0410.__data_transfer_cache_size=0
DB0410.__db_cache_size=13153337344
DB0410.__inmemory_ext_roarea=0
DB0410.__inmemory_ext_rwarea=0
DB0410.__java_pool_size=0
DB0410.__large_pool_size=167772160
DB0410.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
DB0410.__pga_aggregate_target=12482248704
DB0410.__sga_target=49928994816
DB0410.__shared_io_pool_size=134217728
DB0410.__shared_pool_size=1946157056
DB0410.__streams_pool_size=0
DB0410.__unified_pga_pool_size=0
*._datafile_write_errors_crash_instance=false
*._db_writer_coalesce_area_size=16777216
*._disable_interface_checking=TRUE
*._enable_numa_support=FALSE
*._file_size_increase_increment=2143289344
*._fix_control='18960760:on'
*._gc_policy_time=20
*._gc_undo_affinity=TRUE
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/DB0410_nrt1pv/adump'
*.audit_sys_operations=TRUE
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='19.0.0.0'
*.control_files='+RECO/DB0410_NRT1PV/CONTROLFILE/current.256.1133755633'
*.control_management_pack_access='DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING'
*.cpu_count=0
*.cursor_sharing='EXACT'
*.db_block_checking='OFF'
*.db_block_checksum='TYPICAL'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest='+DATA'
*.db_create_online_log_dest_1='+RECO'
*.db_domain='sub07290808380.training.oraclevcn.com'
*.db_files=1024
*.db_lost_write_protect='TYPICAL'
*.db_name='DB0410'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='+RECO'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=511g
*.db_unique_name='DB0410_nrt1pv'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=DB0410XDB)'
*.enable_ddl_logging=TRUE
*.enable_pluggable_database=true
*.encrypt_new_tablespaces='ALWAYS'
*.fast_start_mttr_target=300
*.filesystemio_options='setall'
*.global_names=TRUE
*.inmemory_size=51539607552
*.local_listener='LISTENER_DB0410'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.log_buffer=134217728
*.memory_target=0
*.nls_language='AMERICAN'
*.nls_territory='AMERICA'
*.open_cursors=1000
*.os_authent_prefix='ops$'
*.parallel_execution_message_size=16384
*.parallel_threads_per_cpu=2
*.pga_aggregate_limit=24964497408
*.pga_aggregate_target=12482248704
*.processes=1200
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.session_cached_cursors=100
*.sga_target=49928994816
*.spatial_vector_acceleration=TRUE
*.sql92_security=TRUE
*.tde_configuration='keystore_configuration=FILE'
*.undo_retention=900
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.use_large_pages='only'
*.wallet_root='/opt/oracle/dcs/commonstore/wallets/DB0410_nrt1pv'
El culpable está aquí, el 50G establecido anteriormente es demasiado grande:
*.inmemory_size=51539607552
Ajuste su valor a un valor pequeño, en este ejemplo establecido en 42G:
*.inmemory_size=42G
El pfile es correcto y ahora la base de datos se puede iniciar con pfile:
startup pfile='initDB0410.ora';
create spfile='+DATA' from memory;
shutdown immediate;
Podemos ver que la ubicación del spfile ha cambiado:
$ srvctl config database -d DB0410_nrt1pv
Database unique name: DB0410_nrt1pv
Database name: DB0410
Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0.0/dbhome_1
Oracle user: oracle
Spfile: +DATA/DB0410_NRT1PV/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.290.1135166043
Password file:
Domain: sub07290808380.training.oraclevcn.com
Start options: open
Stop options: immediate
Database role: PRIMARY
Management policy: AUTOMATIC
Server pools:
Disk Groups: RECO,DATA
Mount point paths: /opt/oracle/dcs/commonstore
Services: DB0410_orclpdb1.paas.oracle.com
Type: SINGLE
OSDBA group: dba
OSOPER group: dbaoper
Database instance: DB0410
Configured nodes: bigt02
CSS critical: no
CPU count: 0
Memory target: 0
Maximum memory: 0
Default network number for database services:
Database is administrator managed
Todo funciona bien, ahora la base de datos está lista para comenzar:
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Apr 26 11:56:31 2023
Version 19.18.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2022, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 4.9929E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 9304376 bytes
Variable Size 922746880 bytes
Database Buffers 3758096384 bytes
Redo Buffers 141688832 bytes
In-Memory Area 4.5097E+10 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
referencia: