On April 19, the official website of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology showed that it supports Hubei (Xiangyang), Zhejiang (Deqing), and Guangxi (Liuzhou) to establish national-level Internet of Vehicles pilot zones. So far, the national pilot area of the Internet of Vehicles has been officially expanded, from 4 to 7. As a new thing, intelligent network connection, from the closed park test stage to the open road operation stage to the dual-intelligence collaborative development stage, the trend of network connection urbanization is becoming more and more obvious. A series of explorations have been carried out and phased construction results have been achieved.
Figure 1 Three new national-level Internet of Vehicles pilot areas
1. The development process of intelligent network connection
1. Closed park testing phase
The closed park test is the first stage of the development of intelligent network connection. In this stage, scientific research institutions and car companies conduct test experiments in a closed environment. The ability to perceive and respond to the environment is a test for coupled systems such as vehicle-vehicle, vehicle-road, and vehicle-human.
In 2011, Shenzhen City built the country's first "Smart Vehicle Closed Road Test Area" in Nanshan Science and Technology Park, laying the foundation for the development of my country's intelligent network technology. In July 2018, the Ministry of Communications released the guiding document "Technical Guidelines for the Construction of Closed Sites for Automated Driving (Provisional)", which provides guidance on construction goals and principles, site selection and design, facilities and management, etc. . At present, there are about 50 closed test sites (built and to be built) across the country, 30 of which have the ability to test intelligent networked vehicles.
Figure 2 Test field of some intelligent network closed parks in my country
The construction of the closed test area, on the one hand, can effectively control safety risks and prevent traffic accidents caused by immature intelligent network technology, and on the other hand, provide successful practical experience and technical support for the subsequent open road stage.
2. Open road operation stage
The stage of open road operation is a critical period for ICVs to enter practical applications from closed parks, covering the entire process of evolution, testing, and application of ICVs, mainly operating in a specific open road environment, through pilot demonstrations, First try first, practice and verify the technical achievements, solve the problems of complex traffic environment and flow of people and vehicles on open roads, and ensure the controllability of vehicles.
At present, the four national-level Internet of Vehicles pilot areas in Wuxi, Jiangsu, Xiqing, Tianjin, Changsha, Hunan, and Liangjiang, Chongqing are all in the open road operation stage.
Wuxi is the world's first city-level Internet of Vehicles (LTE-V2X) application project, including 240 traffic intersections in the core urban area, urban expressways, and intercity expressways; 5 urban expressways, 1 intercity expressway, and the total length of roads 280 kilometers, covering 170 square kilometers of large-scale urban and open road LTE-V2X network, built 6 kilometers of semi-closed urban roads, 4.1 kilometers of closed expressways and 180 mu of national intelligent transportation comprehensive test bases. Three comprehensive test environments for autonomous driving .
Figure 3 Application Scenario of Pilot Area of Internet of Vehicles in Wuxi, Jiangsu
The first phase of the Xiqing project has completed 86 holographic perception intersections, covering 8 square kilometers of the Tianjin South Railway Station Science and Technology Business District and its surrounding areas. The second phase of the project will continue to expand the scope of construction, and use the unique advantages of the Internet to help the construction of the pilot area, covering key areas in Xiqing District, planning 408 open intersections, over 100 application scenarios, and a service scale of 100,000 vehicles. The scale of construction and more interconnection and intercommunication platforms will explore replicable business operation models.
Figure 4 Application Scenarios of Tianjin Xiqing Internet of Vehicles Pilot Area
Changsha City completed the construction of 100 kilometers of smart expressways, 100 square kilometers of urban open roads, 7.8 kilometers of smart bus demonstration lines, and 1,232 acres of closed test sites. It opened the first smart bus in China and invested 30 self-driving taxis RoboTaxi in open road demonstrations. It has gathered more than 300 key enterprises in the Internet of Vehicles related industries.
Fig. 5 Smart expressway built in Changsha Internet of Vehicles Pilot Area, Hunan
Liangjiang New District has built nearly 100 kilometers of urban demonstration roads (including intelligent network connection test roads), i-VISTA smart car integration test area, the first phase of smart logistics 5G autonomous driving in the Airport Industrial Park, and other projects, including Lijia Smart Park and Liangjiang Collaborative Leading demonstration areas such as innovation zones will fully promote the large-scale application of the Internet of Vehicles.
Figure 6: Chongqing Liangjiang Internet of Vehicles Pilot Area has built intelligent Internet-connected buses
The construction of the open road stage, on the one hand, needs to conform to the actual traffic situation, consider the feasibility of design and construction, and at the same time ensure the safety on the road; on the other hand, it is necessary to promote the development of intelligent network technology through successful application and demonstration , to accelerate its application in practice.
3. The development stage of dual-intelligence collaboration
In April and December 2021, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly issued notices in batches, identifying Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wuhan, Changsha, and Wuxi as the first batch of pilot cities, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Xiamen, Nanjing, and Jinan 10 cities including Chengdu, Hefei, Cangzhou, Wuhu and Zibo are the second batch of pilot cities. At present, a series of explorations have been carried out in pilot cities, and phased construction results have been achieved.
Figure 7 Construction scope of some dual-smart pilot cities in my country
The Beijing 1.0 stage focuses on the construction of 12.1 kilometers of urban roads in the core area of Yizhuang, a two-way 10 kilometers of expressway and a parking lot, involving Ronghua Middle Road, Ronghua South Road, Hongda Middle Road and other urban roads and Beijing-Taiwan Expressway. The 2.0 stage is oriented to Yizhuang 60 square kilometers promotion.
In Shanghai, with Anting Town in Jiading District as the key area, the third phase of the open test road has been newly built, and a complete collaborative application environment for vehicles and roads has been gradually formed.
Guangzhou selected the core area of Pazhou in Haizhu District, the "Twin Cities and Two Islands" (Science City, Knowledge City, Bio-Island, and Changzhou Island) in Huangpu District, and GAC Intelligent Connected New Energy Industrial Park in Panyu District as the carriers for the implementation of pilot tasks. Regional synchronous construction progress.
The Wuhan Economic and Technological Development Zone plans to build intelligent demonstration operation roads around Tongshun Avenue, Jingkai Avenue, Tanjun Highway and other arterial roads.
Changsha Xiangjiang New District is expected to achieve regional coverage of intelligent perception and communication roadside units in 2023.
Wuxi focuses on the construction of the Xishan "Double Intelligence" core area and the Binhu "Double Intelligence" innovation area. It is expected to achieve full coverage of holographic intersections in the core test area, and support the monitoring of the city's "people-vehicle-road environment" integrated traffic operation status.
On the basis of open road operation, intelligent networked vehicles have begun to gradually explore their role in the construction of smart cities, not only limited to the fields of autonomous driving and vehicle-road coordination, but gradually empowering transportation, smart cities, and road traffic safety management And many other aspects.
2. Thoughts on the development of intelligent network connection
1. Internet-connected urbanization has become an inevitable trend
ICVs have gone through the closed park testing stage and the open road operation stage, and now they have reached a new stage of connected urbanization that develops in coordination with smart cities. This is not driven by human interference or policies, but rather by ICVs and smart cities The inevitable result of the actual needs in the development process.
Smart cities provide smart infrastructure and rich application scenarios for smart connected cars. Autonomous driving online car-hailing, smart public transportation, unmanned logistics/delivery, and autonomous valet parking all need to be realized in smart cities; The construction also needs to use intelligent networked vehicles as the traction force and digital terminals to realize the rational planning of urban intelligent infrastructure construction and improve the utilization rate of infrastructure.
Figure 8 Internet-connected urbanization has become an inevitable trend
2. Make the intelligent network "visible and tangible"
Intelligent networked vehicles cannot become castles in the air and illusory. To achieve sustainable development, people should be "visible and tangible". Applying intelligent networked technology to urban management to solve traffic congestion and safety accidents caused by traditional vehicles , environmental pollution, parking difficulties and other issues have actually penetrated into the daily lives of ordinary people.
Through network-connected and intelligent transformation of intersections, combined with information infrastructure such as roadside communications, sensing, and computing, the overall information control of the region is optimized and adjusted to improve the traffic capacity of intersections and alleviate congestion.
Figure 9 Intelligent network technology applied to traffic management
Taking advantage of the full coverage and accurate identification of intelligent networked intersection equipment, carry out differentiated traffic violation identification training, realize non-motor vehicle illegal driving capture, key vehicle monitoring and other functions, and enable precise law enforcement of traffic control; through front-end perception The accumulated traffic flow and queuing length and other information assist in the decision-making of the start time of tidal lanes, the balanced setting of vehicles, the setting of variable lanes, etc., which provide a reference for the management department to carry out traffic management.
3. Written at the end
In order to achieve sustainable development of intelligent network connection, it must be based on reality, solve the current pain points and difficult problems in the fields of urban development, traffic management, road transportation, etc., abandon the thinking of "stacking technology" and "dazzle nouns", and truly improve traffic management capabilities and enhance The happiness of ordinary people’s travel and the improvement of transportation can be quantified, so that the government can have the confidence to promote it, enterprises can have the motivation to invest, and R&D institutions can have the motivation to innovate.
About the Author:
Yan Tianpeng, Zeng Huantao, Smart Transportation Industry Center of Guangdong Telecom Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd., engaged in new infrastructure, digital roads, vehicle-road coordination and other smart transportation fields.
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