Caso de plantilla de clase [C ++]

Descripción del caso: para implementar una clase de matriz general, los requisitos son los siguientes:

Puede almacenar datos de tipos de datos integrados y tipos de datos personalizados
Almacene los datos en la matriz en el área del montón
La capacidad de la matriz se puede pasar al constructor.
Proporcione el constructor de copia y el operador correspondientes = para evitar problemas de copia superficial
Proporcione métodos de interpolación de cola y eliminación de cola para agregar y eliminar datos en la matriz
Puede acceder a los elementos de la matriz subindicando
Puede obtener el número actual de elementos en la matriz y la capacidad de la matriz

MyArray.hpp

//自己的通用的数组类
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;


template<class T>
class MyArray
{
public:
	//1、有参构造函数
	MyArray(int capacity)//:m_Capacity(capacity),m_Size(0),pAddress(new T[m_Capacity])
	{
		//cout << "MyArry的有参构造调用" << endl;
		
		this->m_Capacity = capacity;
		this->m_Size = 0;
		this->pAddress = new T[m_Capacity];
		
	}

	//2、拷贝构造函数
	MyArray(const MyArray& arr)
	{
		//编译器提供的拷贝构造函数如下【浅拷贝】
		/*
		this->m_Capacity = arr.m_Capacity;
		this->m_Size = arr.m_Size;
		this->pAddress = arr.pAddress;
		*/
		//cout << "MyArry的拷贝构造调用" << endl;

		//深拷贝
		this->m_Capacity = arr.m_Capacity;
		this->m_Size = arr.m_Size;
		this->pAddress = new T[arr.m_Capacity];
	
		//将arr中的数据拷贝过来
		for (int i = 0; i < m_Size; i++)
		{
			this->pAddress[i] = arr.pAddress[i];
		}
	}

	//3、operator防止浅拷贝
	MyArray& operator=(const MyArray& arr)
	{
		//cout << "MyArry的operator=调用" << endl;

		//先判断原理堆区是否有数据，如果有先释放
		if (this->pAddress != NULL)
		{
			delete[]this->pAddress;
			this->pAddress = NULL;
			this->m_Capacity = 0;
			this->m_Size = 0;
		}

		//做深拷贝
		this->m_Capacity = arr.m_Capacity;
		this->m_Size = arr.m_Size;
		this->pAddress = new T[this->m_Capacity];
		for (int i = 0; i < this->m_Size; i++)
		{
			this->pAddress[i] = arr->pAddress[i];
		}
		return *this;
	}

	//4、尾插法
	void pushBack(const T& val)
	{
		//先判断容量是否等于大小
		if (this->m_Capacity == this->m_Size)
		{
			cout << "数组大小已满" << endl;
			return;
		}
		this->pAddress[this->m_Size] = val;     //在数组的末尾插入数据
		this->m_Size++;                         //更新数组大小
	}

	//5、尾删法
	void popBack()
	{
		//让用户访问不到最后一个元素，即尾删，逻辑删除
		if (this->m_Size == 0)
		{
			cout << "数组中没有数据" << endl;
			return;
		}
		this->m_Size--;    //逻辑上的尾删
	}

	//6、让用户通过下标的方式访问数据，如果函数调用还想作为左值，则加个&
	//重载[]
	T& operator[](int index)
	{
		return this->pAddress[index];
	}

	//7、返回数组的容量
	int getCapacity()
	{
		return this->m_Capacity;
	}

	//8、返回数组大小
	int getSize()
	{
		return this->m_Size;
	}

	
	//9、打印数组中的普通类型数据
	void printData()
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < this->m_Size; i++)
		{
			cout << this->pAddress[i] << "   ";
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
	

	//析构函数
	~MyArray()
	{
		if (this->pAddress != NULL)
		{
			//cout << "MyArry的析构函数调用" << endl;
			delete[]this->pAddress;
			this->pAddress = NULL;
			this->m_Capacity = 0;
			this->m_Size = 0;
		}
	}

private:
	T* pAddress;      //指针指向堆区开辟的真实数组
	int m_Capacity;   //数组容量
	int m_Size;       //数组大小

};

Lo que necesita atención aquí es el constructor de copia, el operador para evitar la copia superficial y la sobrecarga []

Plantilla de clase case-Array class encapsulation.cpp

#include "MyArray.hpp"
using namespace std;

/*
void printData(MyArray<int>& arr)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < arr.getSize(); i++)
	{
		cout << arr[i] << endl;
	}
}
*/
void test09()
{
	MyArray<int> arr1(5);    //测试有参构造和析构函数

	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
	{
		arr1.pushBack(i);        //利用尾插法向数组加入数据
	}

	cout << "arr1的打印输出:"<< endl;
	arr1.printData();             //打印数据

	cout << "arr1的大小：" << arr1.getSize() << endl;
	cout << "arr1的容量：" << arr1.getCapacity() << endl;

	MyArray<int>arr2(arr1);
	arr2.printData();
	arr2.popBack();              //尾删法
	arr2.printData();
	cout << "arr2的大小：" << arr2.getSize() << endl;
	cout << "arr2的容量：" << arr2.getCapacity() << endl;

}


//测试自定义的数据类型
class Person9
{
public:
	//默认构造
	Person9()
	{}

	//有参构造
	Person9(string name,int age):m_Name(name),m_Age(age)
	{}
	string m_Name;
	int m_Age;
};

//打印数组中的引用数据类型
void printPersonArray(MyArray<Person9>& arr)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < arr.getSize(); i++)
	{
		cout << "姓名：" << arr[i].m_Name << "\t" << arr[i].m_Age << endl;
	}
}

void test009()
{
	MyArray<Person9>arr(10);
	Person9 p1("孙悟空", 99);
	Person9 p2("韩信", 30);
	Person9 p3("猪八戒", 98);
	Person9 p4("张飞", 45);
	Person9 p5("武松", 34);

	//将数据加入到数组中
	arr.pushBack(p1);
	arr.pushBack(p2);
	arr.pushBack(p3);
	arr.pushBack(p4);
	arr.pushBack(p5);

	//打印
	printPersonArray(arr);
	cout << "arr的大小：" << arr.getSize() << endl;
	cout << "arr的容量：" << arr.getCapacity() << endl;


	//尾删法
	arr.popBack();
	//打印
	printPersonArray(arr);
	cout << "arr的大小：" << arr.getSize() << endl;
	cout << "arr的容量：" << arr.getCapacity() << endl;


}
int main(void)
{
	//test09();
	test009();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

El resultado de test09 ()

El resultado de test009 ()

Caso de plantilla de clase [C ++]

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