Comando de Linux para ver la información del dispositivo
fdisk, lsblk, df, blkid,lspci
El símbolo del sistema es root @ hollowman-F117: ~ #: inicie sesión como usuario hollowman en Ubuntu Kylin 20.10 / ubuntu20.10 y cambie al usuario root para realizar pruebas después de abrir el terminal. El
símbolo del sistema es [root @ hollowman ~] #: en RHEL8 / CentOS8, inicie sesión directamente como usuario root y pruebe
1.fdisk -l
Vea la información de la partición del disco duro, además de ver, el comando fdisk también puede administrar las particiones del disco duro, lo que incluye eliminar particiones, crear particiones, formatear particiones, etc.
root@hollowman-F117:~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda：238.47 GiB，256060514304 字节，500118192 个扇区
Disk model: LITEON CV5-8Q256
单元：扇区 / 1 * 512 = 512 字节
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型：gpt
磁盘标识符：0C4465B6-3A2E-4D5F-BA11-30C5E5E04EB4
设备 起点 末尾 扇区 大小 类型
/dev/sda1 2048 976895 974848 476M EFI 系统
/dev/sda2 976896 16601087 15624192 7.5G Linux swap
/dev/sda3 16601088 500117503 483516416 230.6G Linux 文件系统
[root@hollowman ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 22 GiB, 23622320128 bytes, 46137344 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x012f51fc
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1 * 2048 2099199 2097152 1G 83 Linux
/dev/nvme0n1p2 2099200 46137343 44038144 21G 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/rhel-root: 19 GiB, 20346568704 bytes, 39739392 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/rhel-swap: 2 GiB, 2197815296 bytes, 4292608 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
2.lsblk
lista de bloque, lista de información de dispositivo de bloque
root@hollowman-F117:~# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 238.5G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 476M 0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2 8:2 0 7.5G 0 part [SWAP]
└─sda3 8:3 0 230.6G 0 part /
[root@hollowman ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 11:0 1 6.6G 0 rom /media/RHEL8iso
nvme0n1 259:0 0 22G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 21G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 19G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
3.df
disco libre, muestra el uso del disco
root@hollowman-F117:~# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
tmpfs 1.6G 3.7M 1.6G 1% /run
/dev/sda3 231G 25G 207G 11% /
tmpfs 7.8G 16K 7.8G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 4.0M 0 4.0M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 476M 7.8M 468M 2% /boot/efi
tmpfs 1.6G 176K 1.6G 1% /run/user/1000
[root@hollowman ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 889M 0 889M 0% /dev
tmpfs 904M 0 904M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 904M 9.7M 894M 2% /run
tmpfs 904M 0 904M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 19G 4.0G 15G 21% /
/dev/sr0 6.7G 6.7G 0 100% /media/RHEL8iso
/dev/nvme0n1p1 1014M 169M 846M 17% /boot
tmpfs 181M 16K 181M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 181M 3.5M 178M 2% /run/user/0
4.blkid
ID de bloque, ver información como ID de dispositivo de bloque
root@hollowman-F117:~# blkid
/dev/sda2: UUID="c6ff6200-b9e0-43fb-a1a5-8780cc8904c0" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="32743170-9f38-4aec-83df-c86cede793b5"
/dev/sda3: UUID="9a8c0f9b-81d6-4518-a389-3ab635485bea" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="xfs" PARTUUID="1e2e065c-f13c-48fe-a32c-5a06505fd1e1"
/dev/sda1: UUID="1365-F283" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="91090036-2e44-4093-b714-580122c1b5a1"
[root@hollowman ~]# blkid
/dev/mapper/rhel-root: UUID="548acdcb-e21f-4d21-8c4d-3dcdc6f39414" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/nvme0n1p2: UUID="wfT7j1-2usS-WcEw-HZ03-iwMT-L7Xk-W0Xyfw" TYPE="LVM2_member" PARTUUID="012f51fc-02"
/dev/nvme0n1: PTUUID="012f51fc" PTTYPE="dos"
/dev/nvme0n1p1: UUID="44a8c1aa-0178-474f-8964-7949983bd5b7" TYPE="xfs" PARTUUID="012f51fc-01"
/dev/sr0: UUID="2019-04-04-08-40-23-00" LABEL="RHEL-8-0-0-BaseOS-x86_64" TYPE="iso9660" PTUUID="0da1aba4" PTTYPE="dos"
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap: UUID="57af1f4d-6974-4fe3-99c9-87229a43a6ea" TYPE="swap"
5.lspci
Ver todos los dispositivos PCI, como placas base, tarjetas gráficas, tarjetas de sonido, etc., lspci -v puede ver la información detallada de cada dispositivo PCI.
Además: los detalles de la CPU se almacenan en /proc/cpuinfoarchivos y la información de la memoria se almacena/proc/meminfo
root@hollowman-F117:~# lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v6/7th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers (rev 05)
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor PCIe Controller (x16) (rev 05)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation HD Graphics 630 (rev 04)
00:08.0 System peripheral: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/v6 / E3-1500 v5 / 6th/7th/8th Gen Core Processor Gaussian Mixture Model
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family USB 3.0 xHCI Controller (rev 31)
00:14.2 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family Thermal Subsystem (rev 31)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 31)
00:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation HM170/QM170 Chipset SATA Controller [AHCI Mode] (rev 31)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #4 (rev f1)
00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #5 (rev f1)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM175 Chipset LPC/eSPI Controller (rev 31)
00:1f.2 Memory controller: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family Power Management Controller (rev 31)
00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation CM238 HD Audio Controller (rev 31)
00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family SMBus (rev 31)
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP107M [GeForce GTX 1050 Ti Mobile] (rev a1)
01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation GP107GL High Definition Audio Controller (rev a1)
02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 0c)
03:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Wireless 3165 (rev 81)