Tabla de contenido
1. Obtenga el paquete de código fuente
2. Verifique el entorno de compilación
6. Configure la página de inicio
1. Obtenga el paquete de código fuente
Coloque personalmente el paquete de instalación en el directorio / opt, después de la descompresión, ingrese al directorio de instalación
# 进入/opt目录
cd /opt
# 获取最新稳定版
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
# 解压
tar -zxvf nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
2. Verifique el entorno de compilación
El proceso de instalación es: ./configure (verifique el entorno de compilación e instalación) ==> make (compilar) ==> make install (compilar e instalar).
En realidad, el proceso no es complicado, también le puse el proceso de instalación de dependencias, solo para proporcionar algunas ideas para el aprendizaje.
El siguiente es el proceso completo de verificación del entorno de compilación e instalación. Aquellos que estén familiarizados con la instalación pueden omitir este paso. Cabe señalar que el comando ./configure no instalará nginx, sino que solo generará el archivo make. Repita el. / configure comando para sobrescribir el anterior Makefile.
# 说明:
# 检查环境执行命令:./configure
# 这里我们添加一些参数,所以检查环境执行的命令是:./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_ssl_module
# 添加的参数说明:
# --prefix=/usr/local/nginx 指定我们将nginx安装在/usr/local/nginx目录
# --with-http_gzip_static_module 启用nginx压缩模块
# --with-http_ssl_module 启用nginx加密模块
# 也可以不启用任何模块,直接直接:./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx,只指定位置,看个人需求
1.进入并查看nginx源码包目录
[root@localhost opt]# cd /opt/nginx-1.18.0
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# ll
总用量 768
drwxr-xr-x. 6 1001 1001 4096 12月 29 10:59 auto
-rw-r--r--. 1 1001 1001 302863 4月 21 2020 CHANGES
-rw-r--r--. 1 1001 1001 462213 4月 21 2020 CHANGES.ru
drwxr-xr-x. 2 1001 1001 168 12月 29 11:03 conf
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1001 1001 2502 4月 21 2020 configure
drwxr-xr-x. 4 1001 1001 72 12月 29 10:59 contrib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 1001 1001 40 12月 29 10:59 html
-rw-r--r--. 1 1001 1001 1397 4月 21 2020 LICENSE
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 46 12月 29 11:04 Makefile
drwxr-xr-x. 2 1001 1001 21 12月 29 10:59 man
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 77 12月 29 11:04 objs
-rw-r--r--. 1 1001 1001 49 4月 21 2020 README
drwxr-xr-x. 9 1001 1001 91 12月 29 10:59 src
# 2.检查编译环境,提示未安装gcc-c++,检查报错中断
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_ssl_module
checking for OS
+ Linux 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 x86_64
checking for C compiler ... not found
./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found
# 3.安装gcc-c++
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# yum -y install gcc-c++
已加载插件:fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
...
...
...
...
已安装:
gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7
作为依赖被安装:
cpp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7 gcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7 glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.17-317.el7
glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.17-317.el7 kernel-headers.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1160.11.1.el7 libmpc.x86_64 0:1.0.1-3.el7
libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7 mpfr.x86_64 0:3.1.1-4.el7
完毕!
# 4.继续检查编译环境,发现缺少pcre库,检查报错中断
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_ssl_module
checking for OS
+ Linux 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 x86_64
checking for C compiler ... found
+ using GNU C compiler
+ gcc version: 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC)
...
...
...
...
checking for PCRE library ... not found
checking for PCRE library in /usr/local/ ... not found
checking for PCRE library in /usr/include/pcre/ ... not found
checking for PCRE library in /usr/pkg/ ... not found
checking for PCRE library in /opt/local/ ... not found
./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.
# 5.安装pcre-devel
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# yum -y install pcre-devel
已加载插件:fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
...
...
...
...
已安装:
pcre-devel.x86_64 0:8.32-17.el7
完毕!
# 6.继续检查编译环境,发现缺少zlib库,检查报错中断
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_ssl_module
checking for OS
+ Linux 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 x86_64
checking for C compiler ... found
+ using GNU C compiler
+ gcc version: 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC)
...
...
...
...
checking for zlib library ... not found
./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module
option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option.
# 6.安装zlib-devel
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# yum -y install zlib-devel
已加载插件:fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
...
...
...
...
正在安装 : zlib-devel-1.2.7-18.el7.x86_64 1/1
验证中 : zlib-devel-1.2.7-18.el7.x86_64 1/1
已安装:
zlib-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.7-18.el7
完毕!
# 7.继续检查编译环境,检查通过,但发现缺少openssl-devel,这会导致我们无法启用http_ssl_module模块。
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_ssl_module
checking for OS
+ Linux 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 x86_64
checking for C compiler ... found
+ using GNU C compiler
+ gcc version: 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC)
...
...
...
...
Configuration summary
+ using system PCRE library
+ OpenSSL library is not used # 提示没有找到openssl
+ using system zlib library
# 8.安装openssl-devel
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# yum -y install openssl-devel
已加载插件:fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
...
...
...
...
作为依赖被安装:
keyutils-libs-devel.x86_64 0:1.5.8-3.el7 krb5-devel.x86_64 0:1.15.1-50.el7 libcom_err-devel.x86_64 0:1.42.9-19.el7 libkadm5.x86_64 0:1.15.1-50.el7 libselinux-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-15.el7
libsepol-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-10.el7 libverto-devel.x86_64 0:0.2.5-4.el7
作为依赖被升级:
openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-21.el7_9 openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-21.el7_9
完毕!
# 9.继续检查编译环境,环境检测通过,环境检测最终如下:
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_ssl_module
checking for OS
+ Linux 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 x86_64
checking for C compiler ... found
+ using GNU C compiler
+ gcc version: 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC)
checking for gcc -pipe switch ... found
checking for -Wl,-E switch ... found
checking for gcc builtin atomic operations ... found
checking for C99 variadic macros ... found
checking for gcc variadic macros ... found
checking for gcc builtin 64 bit byteswap ... found
checking for unistd.h ... found
checking for inttypes.h ... found
checking for limits.h ... found
checking for sys/filio.h ... not found
checking for sys/param.h ... found
checking for sys/mount.h ... found
checking for sys/statvfs.h ... found
checking for crypt.h ... found
checking for Linux specific features
checking for epoll ... found
checking for EPOLLRDHUP ... found
checking for EPOLLEXCLUSIVE ... not found
checking for O_PATH ... found
checking for sendfile() ... found
checking for sendfile64() ... found
checking for sys/prctl.h ... found
checking for prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE) ... found
checking for prctl(PR_SET_KEEPCAPS) ... found
checking for capabilities ... found
checking for crypt_r() ... found
checking for sys/vfs.h ... found
checking for nobody group ... found
checking for poll() ... found
checking for /dev/poll ... not found
checking for kqueue ... not found
checking for crypt() ... not found
checking for crypt() in libcrypt ... found
checking for F_READAHEAD ... not found
checking for posix_fadvise() ... found
checking for O_DIRECT ... found
checking for F_NOCACHE ... not found
checking for directio() ... not found
checking for statfs() ... found
checking for statvfs() ... found
checking for dlopen() ... not found
checking for dlopen() in libdl ... found
checking for sched_yield() ... found
checking for sched_setaffinity() ... found
checking for SO_SETFIB ... not found
checking for SO_REUSEPORT ... found
checking for SO_ACCEPTFILTER ... not found
checking for SO_BINDANY ... not found
checking for IP_TRANSPARENT ... found
checking for IP_BINDANY ... not found
checking for IP_BIND_ADDRESS_NO_PORT ... found
checking for IP_RECVDSTADDR ... not found
checking for IP_SENDSRCADDR ... not found
checking for IP_PKTINFO ... found
checking for IPV6_RECVPKTINFO ... found
checking for TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT ... found
checking for TCP_KEEPIDLE ... found
checking for TCP_FASTOPEN ... found
checking for TCP_INFO ... found
checking for accept4() ... found
checking for eventfd() ... found
checking for int size ... 4 bytes
checking for long size ... 8 bytes
checking for long long size ... 8 bytes
checking for void * size ... 8 bytes
checking for uint32_t ... found
checking for uint64_t ... found
checking for sig_atomic_t ... found
checking for sig_atomic_t size ... 4 bytes
checking for socklen_t ... found
checking for in_addr_t ... found
checking for in_port_t ... found
checking for rlim_t ... found
checking for uintptr_t ... uintptr_t found
checking for system byte ordering ... little endian
checking for size_t size ... 8 bytes
checking for off_t size ... 8 bytes
checking for time_t size ... 8 bytes
checking for AF_INET6 ... found
checking for setproctitle() ... not found
checking for pread() ... found
checking for pwrite() ... found
checking for pwritev() ... found
checking for sys_nerr ... found
checking for localtime_r() ... found
checking for clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) ... found
checking for posix_memalign() ... found
checking for memalign() ... found
checking for mmap(MAP_ANON|MAP_SHARED) ... found
checking for mmap("/dev/zero", MAP_SHARED) ... found
checking for System V shared memory ... found
checking for POSIX semaphores ... not found
checking for POSIX semaphores in libpthread ... found
checking for struct msghdr.msg_control ... found
checking for ioctl(FIONBIO) ... found
checking for ioctl(FIONREAD) ... found
checking for struct tm.tm_gmtoff ... found
checking for struct dirent.d_namlen ... not found
checking for struct dirent.d_type ... found
checking for sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN) ... found
checking for sysconf(_SC_LEVEL1_DCACHE_LINESIZE) ... found
checking for openat(), fstatat() ... found
checking for getaddrinfo() ... found
checking for PCRE library ... found
checking for PCRE JIT support ... found
checking for OpenSSL library ... found
checking for zlib library ... found
creating objs/Makefile
Configuration summary
+ using system PCRE library
+ using system OpenSSL library
+ using system zlib library
nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
El proceso del entorno de detección y dependencia de la instalación contiene una gran cantidad de contenido, por lo que se omite una parte. Simplemente verifique la información clave que se muestra.
En resumen, las dependencias necesarias para instalar nginx son normalmente cuatro, gcc-c ++, pcre-devel, zlib-devel y openssl-devel.
Ahora que sabemos que faltan estas dependencias, podemos instalar las dependencias antes de instalar nginx. Dado que las dependencias se han instalado una por una antes, este paso se omite :)
# 安装依赖
yum -y install gcc-c++ prce-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel
3. Compile e instale nginx
Este paso consiste en instalar nginx en la ruta que especificamos en ./configure: / usr / local / nginx
# 1.编译&&编译安装
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# make && make install
make -f objs/Makefile
make[1]: 进入目录“/opt/nginx-1.18.0”
cc -c -pipe -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/os/unix -I objs \
-o objs/src/core/nginx.o \
src/core/nginx.c
cc -c -pipe -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/os/unix -I objs \
-o objs/src/core/ngx_log.o \
src/core/ngx_log.c
...
...
...
...
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/html' \
|| cp -R html '/usr/local/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
make[1]: 离开目录“/opt/nginx-1.18.0”
# 2.查看nginx目录下是否正常
# 目录分别是:
# conf:配置文件目录
# html:前端页面目录
# logs:日志目录
# sbin:启动程序目录
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# ll /usr/local/nginx/
总用量 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 12月 29 16:51 conf
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 40 12月 29 16:51 html
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 12月 29 16:51 logs
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 19 12月 29 16:51 sbin
4. Inicie el servicio nginx
# 进入启动文件所在目录启动nginx
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
[root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx
5. Acceso al navegador nginx
La IP local es: 192.168.44.66
Puerto predeterminado: 80
Entrada del navegador: http://192.168.44.66:80, el efecto es el siguiente:
6. Configure la página de inicio
Para configurar su propia página frontal simple, primero necesita conocer la ubicación y función de los siguientes archivos:
Ubicación del archivo de configuración: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
Ubicación del archivo de inicio: / usr / local / nginx / sbin / nginx
Ejemplo de configuración:
# 1.写一个index.html放在任意目录
# 比如:/home
[root@localhost sbin]# echo 'welcome to nginx!' > /home/index.html
# 2.修改配置文件将前端路径指向该index.html文件
[root@localhost sbin]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# 将此处
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
# 改为这样,保存退出
location / {
root /home;
index index.html index.htm;
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
}
# 3.重载配置
[root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx -s reload
Efecto de ejemplo:
Nota: esta configuración es simple y grosera, si desea utilizar un método más elegante, consulte otras configuraciones
7.Comandos de uso común de Nginx
# 启动
[root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx
# 重载配置文件,相当于重启
[root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx -s reload
# 重启
[root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx -s reopen
# 停止
[root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx -s stop
# 检查配置文件
[root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx -t