Uno, preparación de la base de datos
1. Crea una base de datos
mysql> create database if not exists school character set utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)2. Crea una tabla
#创建student表
CREATE TABLE student (
id INT(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
sex VARCHAR(4),
birth YEAR,
department VARCHAR(20),
address VARCHAR(50)
);
#创建score表
CREATE TABLE score (
id INT(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
stu_id INT(10) NOT NULL,
c_name VARCHAR(20),
grade INT(10)
);3. Insertar registros de datos en la tabla.
#向student表插入记录
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');
#向score表插入记录
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);
4. Ver la estructura de la tabla y los registros de datos
mysql> desc student;
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(10) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| name | varchar(20) | NO | | NULL | |
| sex | varchar(4) | YES | | NULL | |
| birth | year(4) | YES | | NULL | |
| department | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| address | varchar(50) | YES | | NULL | |
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc score;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(10) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| stu_id | int(10) | NO | | NULL | |
| c_name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| grade | int(10) | YES | | NULL | |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from student;
+-----+-----------+------+-------+--------------+--------------------+
| id | name | sex | birth | department | address |
+-----+-----------+------+-------+--------------+--------------------+
| 901 | 张老大 | 男 | 1985 | 计算机系 | 北京市海淀区 |
| 902 | 张老二 | 男 | 1986 | 中文系 | 北京市昌平区 |
| 903 | 张三 | 女 | 1990 | 中文系 | 湖南省永州市 |
| 904 | 李四 | 男 | 1990 | 英语系 | 辽宁省阜新市 |
| 905 | 王五 | 女 | 1991 | 英语系 | 福建省厦门市 |
| 906 | 王六 | 男 | 1988 | 计算机系 | 湖南省衡阳市 |
+-----+-----------+------+-------+--------------+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from score;
+----+--------+-----------+-------+
| id | stu_id | c_name | grade |
+----+--------+-----------+-------+
| 1 | 901 | 计算机 | 98 |
| 2 | 901 | 英语 | 80 |
| 3 | 902 | 计算机 | 65 |
| 4 | 902 | 中文 | 88 |
| 5 | 903 | 中文 | 95 |
| 6 | 904 | 计算机 | 70 |
| 7 | 904 | 英语 | 92 |
| 8 | 905 | 英语 | 94 |
| 9 | 906 | 计算机 | 90 |
| 10 | 906 | 英语 | 85 |
+----+--------+-----------+-------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)Dos, copia de seguridad y restauración
1. Haga una copia de seguridad de la escuela de la base de datos en el directorio / backup
[root@bogon ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p -B school > /backup/school_1.sql
Enter password: 2. La base de datos MySQL de respaldo tiene el formato con tablas eliminadas, lo que puede hacer que el respaldo sobrescriba la base de datos existente sin eliminar manualmente la base de datos original.
[root@bogon ~]# mysqldump --add-drop-table -uroot -p -B school > /backup/school_2.sql
Enter password: 3. Comprima y haga una copia de seguridad de la base de datos MySQL directamente
[root@bogon ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p -B school | gzip > /backup/school_3.sql.gz
Enter password: 4. Realice una copia de seguridad de una determinada tabla (s) de la base de datos MySQL. Este ejemplo respalda la tabla de estudiantes
[root@bogon ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p school student >/backup/school.student.sql
Enter password:5. Realice una copia de seguridad de varias bases de datos MySQL al mismo tiempo (usted mismo prepara otros materiales de la base de datos)
[root@bogon ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p -B school stu > /backup/school_stu.sql
Enter password: 6. Solo haga una copia de seguridad de la estructura de la base de datos
[root@bogon backup]# mysqldump -uroot -p -d school > /backup/school_no_data.sql
Enter password: 7. Realice una copia de seguridad de todas las bases de datos del servidor.
[root@bogon ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p -A > /backup/all_database.sql
Enter password: 8. Restaurar la base de datos MySQL
① Eliminar la base de datos
② Restaurar la base de datos
③ Ver la base de datos restaurada
9. Restaurar la base de datos MySQL comprimida
① Eliminar la base de datos
② Restaurar la base de datos
③ Ver la base de datos restaurada
1 a 0, utilizando la copia de seguridad de la base de datos mydumper
① Instalar mydumper
[root@bogon ~]# yum -y install glib2-devel mysql-devel zlib-devel pcre-devel //安装依赖包
[root@bogon ~]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ cmake make //安装依赖包
[root@bogon ~]# rz //将提前下载好的mydumper安装包上传
[root@bogon ~]# tar xvf mydumper-0.9.1.tar.gz //解压
[root@bogon ~]# cd mydumper-0.9.1/ //切换目录
[root@bogon mydumper-0.9.1]# cmake . //编译
[root@bogon mydumper-0.9.1]# make //编译
[root@bogon mydumper-0.9.1]# make install //安装② Base de datos de respaldo
[root@bogon ~]# mydumper -u root -p 123abcABC! -B school -o /backup/school/1 1. Utilice mydumper para restaurar la base de datos
[root@bogon school]# myloader -u root -p 123abcABC! -B school -o -d /backup/school/