Android Bluetooth BLE (1)

La función de interactuar con la pulsera de hardware se ha utilizado en proyectos recientes. La pulsera es una pulsera BLE y requiere tecnología Bluetooth.

1. Agregue permisos en AndroidManifest.xml:

	<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />

2. Adquisición de permisos dinámicos: (esto debe agregarse, de lo contrario no se llamará a la devolución de llamada del dispositivo de búsqueda)

//清单文件里面也需要配置
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M &&
                checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED &&
                checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED &&
                checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
                    Manifest.permission.CAMERA,}, 0);
        }

    //系统方法,从requestPermissions()方法回调结果
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        //确保是我们的请求
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_COARSE_LOCATION) {
            if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                Toast.makeText(this, "权限被授予", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            } else if (grantResults[0] != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                Toast.makeText(this, "权限被拒绝", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        } else {
            super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        }
    }

3. Obtenga el administrador de BluetoothManager:

BluetoothManager bluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);

4. Obtenga el objeto BluetoothAdapter:

mBluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
        if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || !mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {

            Intent enableBluetooth = new Intent(

                    BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);

            startActivityForResult(enableBluetooth, 1);
        }

5. Empiece a buscar el dispositivo para configurar la devolución de llamada, y se volverá a llamar a este método cuando se busque un dispositivo:

mBluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(mLeScanCallback);

    private BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback mLeScanCallback = new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {

        @Override

        public void onLeScan(final BluetoothDevice device, final int rssi, final byte[] scanRecord) {
            try {
                int startByte = 2;
                boolean patternFound = false;
                while (startByte <= 5) {

                    if (((int) scanRecord[startByte + 2] & 0xff) == 0x02 && // Identifies
                            ((int) scanRecord[startByte + 3] & 0xff) == 0x15) { // Identifies
                        patternFound = true;

                        break;

                    }

                    startByte++;

                }

                // 如果找到了的话

                if (patternFound) {

                    // 转换为16进制

                    byte[] uuidBytes = new byte[16];

                    System.arraycopy(scanRecord, startByte + 4, uuidBytes, 0, 16);

                    String hexString = bytesToHex(uuidBytes);


                    // ibeacon的UUID值

                    String uuid = hexString.substring(0, 8) + "-"

                            + hexString.substring(8, 12) + "-"

                            + hexString.substring(12, 16) + "-"

                            + hexString.substring(16, 20) + "-"

                            + hexString.substring(20, 32);


                    // ibeacon的Major值

                    int major = (scanRecord[startByte + 20] & 0xff) * 0x100

                            + (scanRecord[startByte + 21] & 0xff);


                    // ibeacon的Minor值

                    int minor = (scanRecord[startByte + 22] & 0xff) * 0x100

                            + (scanRecord[startByte + 23] & 0xff);


                    String ibeaconName = device.getName();

                    String mac = device.getAddress();

                    int txPower = (scanRecord[startByte + 24]);
                        Log.i("lee", "   Name：" + ibeaconName + "   Mac：" + mac + "   UUID：" + uuid + "   Major：" + major + "   Minor：" + minor + "   TxPower：" + txPower + "   rssi：" + rssi);
               
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
            }
        }
    };

Este método se volverá a llamar cuando se encuentre un dispositivo. El primer parámetro es el dispositivo, el segundo parámetro es rssi, que representa la intensidad de la señal, y el tercer parámetro scanRecord son los datos del paquete de transmisión. Aquí hay un filtro, cuando es un dispositivo ibeacon, ingresará la instrucción if para imprimir la información del dispositivo ibeacon.

Todos los códigos:

package com.demo.ibeacondemo;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.Manifest;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.Date;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
    private static final int REQUEST_COARSE_LOCATION = 0;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        isLocationOpen();
        BluetoothManager bluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
        mBluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
        if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || !mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {

            Intent enableBluetooth = new Intent(

                    BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);

            startActivityForResult(enableBluetooth, 1);
        }
        mBluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(mLeScanCallback);
    }

    static final char[] hexArray = "0123456789ABCDEF".toCharArray();

    private void isLocationOpen() {
        //清单文件里面也需要配置
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M &&
                checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED &&
                checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED &&
                checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
                    Manifest.permission.CAMERA,}, 0);
        }
    }

    //系统方法,从requestPermissions()方法回调结果
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        //确保是我们的请求
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_COARSE_LOCATION) {
            if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                Toast.makeText(this, "权限被授予", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            } else if (grantResults[0] != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                Toast.makeText(this, "权限被拒绝", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        } else {
            super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        }
    }

    private static String bytesToHex(byte[] bytes) {

        char[] hexChars = new char[bytes.length * 2];

        for (int j = 0; j < bytes.length; j++) {

            int v = bytes[j] & 0xFF;

            hexChars[j * 2] = hexArray[v >>> 4];

            hexChars[j * 2 + 1] = hexArray[v & 0x0F];

        }

        return new String(hexChars);

    }

    private BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback mLeScanCallback = new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {

        @Override

        public void onLeScan(final BluetoothDevice device, final int rssi, final byte[] scanRecord) {
            try {
                int startByte = 2;
                boolean patternFound = false;
                while (startByte <= 5) {

                    if (((int) scanRecord[startByte + 2] & 0xff) == 0x02 && // Identifies
                            ((int) scanRecord[startByte + 3] & 0xff) == 0x15) { // Identifies

                        patternFound = true;

                        break;

                    }

                    startByte++;

                }

                // 如果找到了的话

                if (patternFound) {

                    // 转换为16进制

                    byte[] uuidBytes = new byte[16];

                    System.arraycopy(scanRecord, startByte + 4, uuidBytes, 0, 16);

                    String hexString = bytesToHex(uuidBytes);


                    // ibeacon的UUID值

                    String uuid = hexString.substring(0, 8) + "-"

                            + hexString.substring(8, 12) + "-"

                            + hexString.substring(12, 16) + "-"

                            + hexString.substring(16, 20) + "-"

                            + hexString.substring(20, 32);


                    // ibeacon的Major值

                    int major = (scanRecord[startByte + 20] & 0xff) * 0x100

                            + (scanRecord[startByte + 21] & 0xff);


                    // ibeacon的Minor值

                    int minor = (scanRecord[startByte + 22] & 0xff) * 0x100

                            + (scanRecord[startByte + 23] & 0xff);


                    String ibeaconName = device.getName();

                    String mac = device.getAddress();

                    int txPower = (scanRecord[startByte + 24]);
                    Log.i("lee", "   Name：" + ibeaconName + "   Mac：" + mac + "   UUID：" + uuid + "   Major：" + major + "   Minor：" + minor + "   TxPower：" + txPower + "   rssi：" + rssi);
                }

            } catch (Exception e) {

            }
        }
    };
}

Lo anterior puede completar la función de búsqueda de equipos.