Utilice Dockerfile para crear un caso de imagen de servicio

Prefacio

● Dockerfile es un archivo compuesto por un conjunto de instrucciones
● Estructura de Dockerfile en cuatro partes

  基础镜像信息
  维护者信息
  镜像操作指令
  容器启动时执行指令

● Dockerfile admite una instrucción por línea, cada instrucción puede contener varios parámetros y admite el uso de comentarios que comiencen con "#".
● Instrucción de operación de Dockerfile

CMD y comparación de instrucciones ENTRYPOINT:

CMD指令可以指定容器启动时默认执行的命令，但它可以被docker run命令的参数覆盖掉。
ENTRYPOINT 指令和CMD类似，它也是用户指定容器启动时要执行的命令，但如果dockerfile中也有CMD指令，CMD中的参数会被附加到ENTRYPOINT指令的后面。 如果这时docker run命令带了参数，这个参数会覆盖掉CMD指令的参数，并也会附加到ENTRYPOINT 指令的后面。
这样当容器启动后，会执行ENTRYPOINT 指令的参数部分。
可以看出，相对来说ENTRYPOINT指令优先级更高。

Uno, crea una imagen SSH

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir sshd/
[root@localhost ~]# cd sshd/
[root@localhost sshd]# vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER The chen
RUN yum -y update
RUN yum -y install openssh* net-tools lsof telnet passwd
RUN echo '123456' | passwd --stdin root
RUN sed -i 's/UsePAM yes/UsePAM no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
RUN ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
RUN sed -i '/^session\s\+required\s\+pam_loginuid.so/s/^/#/' /etc/pam.d/sshd
RUN mkdir -p /root/.ssh && chown root.root /root && chmod 700 /root/.ssh
EXPOSE 22
CMD ["/usr/sbin/sshd","-D"]


#生成镜像
docker build -t sshd:new
#启动容器
docker run -d -P sshd:new
docker ps -a              #查找系统自动映射的端口号
ssh localhost -p 32770   #宿主机通过端口连接ssh容器

En segundo lugar, el contenedor utiliza la duplicación systemctl

[root@localhost systemctl]# mkdir systemctl
[root@localhost systemctl]# cd systemctl
[root@localhost systemctl]# vim Dockerfile
FROM sshd:new
ENV container docker
RUN (cd /lib/systemd/system/sysinit.target.wants/;for i in *;do [ $i== \
systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service ] || rm -f $i;done); \
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/*; \
rm -f /etc/systemd/system/*.wants/*; \
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/local-fs.target.wants/*; \
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/*udev*; \
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/*initctl*; \
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/*; \
rm -f /lib/systemd/system/anaconda.target.wants/*;
VOLUME [ "/sys/fs/cgroup" ]
CMD ["/usr/sbin/init"]
[root@localhost systemctl]# docker build -t systemd:new .    

#privileged container内的root拥有真正的root权限。否则，container内的root只是外部的一个普通用户权限。
[root@localhost systemctl]# docker run --privileged -it -v /sys/fs/cgroup:/sys/fs/cgroup:ro systemd:new /sbin/init &
[1] 22579
[root@localhost systemctl]# docker exec -it 1931731ffe2d bash
[root@1931731ffe2d /]# systemctl status sshd

Tres, crea una imagen nginx

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir nginx
[root@localhost ~]# cd nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER The chen
RUN yum -y update
RUN yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make
RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
#ADD既能把压缩包复制到容器中，同时还能把压缩包进行解压
ADD nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz /usr/local/src
WORKDIR /usr/local/src
WORKDIR nginx-1.12.2
RUN ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module && make && make install

ENV PATH /usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443
#需要关闭nginx的守护进程，否则会和容器的守护进程冲突
RUN echo "daemon off;" >> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ADD run.sh /run.sh
RUN chmod 755 /run.sh
CMD ["/run.sh"]

[root@localhost nginx]# vim run.sh
#!/bin/bash
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# docker build -t nginx:new .

Visite http://14.0.0.10:32770/ para verificar

Cuarto, cree la imagen de Tomcat

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# cd tomcat
apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz和jdk-8u201-linux-x64.rpm上传到/root/tomcat
目录下
[root@localhost tomcat]# vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER The chen
ADD jdk-8u201-linux-x64.rpm /root
WORKDIR /root
RUN rpm -ivh jdk-8u201-linux-x64.rpm
ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_201-amd64
ENV CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar
ENV PATH $JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

ADD apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz /usr/local/
WORKDIR /usr/local/
RUN mv apache-tomcat-9.0.16 /usr/local/tomcat
EXPOSE 8080
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh","run"]
#创建tomcat镜像并利用tomcat镜像创建容器
[root@localhost tomcat]# docker build -t tomcat:new .
[root@localhost tomcat]# docker run -d --name tomcat1 -p 1226:8080 tomcat:new

Visite http://14.0.0.10:1226/ para verificar

Cinco, construye un espejo MySQL

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir mysql
[root@localhost ~]# cd mysql   #将mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz软件包上传到指定位置
[root@localhost mysql]# ll
总用量 47696
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 48833145 10月 23 2017 mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz

[root@localhost mysql]# vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER build image mysql
EXPOSE 3306

ADD mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz /usr/local/src
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.20
RUN useradd mysql -M -s /sbin/nologin
RUN yum -y install gcc \
gcc-c++ \
make \
ncurses \
ncurses-devel \
bison \
cmake
RUN cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1
RUN make -j4 && make install
RUN chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

RUN rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
ADD my.cnf /etc/my.cnf
RUN chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
RUN /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
RUN cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /lib/systemd/system/
ADD run.sh /run.sh
RUN chmod 755 /run.sh
CMD ["/run.sh"]

[root@localhost mysql]# vim my.cnf
[client]
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql]
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port=3306
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
server-id=1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

[root@localhost mysql]# vim run.sh
#!/bin/bash
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld

#创建mysql镜像并利用mysql镜像创建容器
[root@localhost tomcat]# docker build -t mysql:new .
[root@localhost tomcat]# docker run -d --name mysql --privileged -p 1226:8080 mysql:new