SpringMVC (Ajax technology)

Brief introduction

AJAX = Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML).
AJAX is a without having to reload the entire web page technical section of the page can be updated.
Ajax is not a new programming language, but a technique for creating better, faster and more interactive Web applications.
In 2005, Google, through its Google Suggest AJAX has become so popular. Google Suggest can automatically help you complete the search words.
Google Suggest uses AJAX to create highly dynamic web interface: When you enter a keyword in the Google search box, JavaScript will these characters are sent to the server, then the server returns a list of search suggestions.
And domestic Baidu search box on the same:

Traditional web page (that is, without ajax technology web page), you want to update or submit a form, you need to reload the entire page.
Ajax web page using technology, by a small amount of data exchange server in the background, you can achieve asynchronous partial update.
With Ajax, users can create near-native desktop applications direct, high availability, richer, more dynamic Web user interface.

Ajax forgery

We can use a label to the front of a fake look of ajax. iframe tag

Create a new module: sspringmvc-06-ajax, import web support!

Write a ajax-frame.html use iframe test, under the effect of feeling

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>kuangshen</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript"> window.onload = function(){ var myDate = new Date(); document.getElementById('currentTime').innerText = myDate.getTime(); }; function LoadPage(){ var targetUrl = document.getElementById('url').value; console.log(targetUrl); document.getElementById("iframePosition").src = targetUrl; } </script> <div> <p>请输入要加载的地址：<span id="currentTime"></span></p> <p> <input id="url" type="text" value="https://www.baidu.com/"/> <input type="button" value="提交" onclick="LoadPage()"> </p> </div> <div> <h3>加载页面位置：</h3> <iframe id="iframePosition" style="width: 100%;height: 500px;"></iframe> </div> </body> </html>

Use IDEA open browser to test!

AJAX can make use of:

When registering, enter your user name automatically detects whether the user already exists.
When the login prompt the user name and password error
Delete data rows, row ID will be sent to the background, the background to delete the database, the database is deleted successfully, also remove the page rows of data in the DOM.
....and many more

jQuery.ajax

JS achieve pure native Ajax we do not explain here, the direct use jquery provide for easy to learn and use, to avoid duplication create the wheel, interested students can go to understand JS native XMLHttpRequest next!
The core of Ajax is the XMLHttpRequest object (XHR). XHR resolving server to send a request and in response provides an interface to the server. Able to obtain new data from the server asynchronously.
providing a plurality of jQuery AJAX related method.
By jQuery AJAX method, you can use the HTTP Get and HTTP Post request text from a remote server, HTML, XML or JSON - and you can load data directly to these external elements selected page.
jQuery is not a producer, but nature porters.
jQuery Ajax essence is XMLHttpRequest, he had a package to facilitate the call!

jQuery.ajax(...)
       部分参数：
              url：请求地址
             type：请求方式，GET、POST（1.9.0之后用method）
          headers：请求头
             data：要发送的数据
      contentType：即将发送信息至服务器的内容编码类型(默认: "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8")
            async：是否异步
          timeout：设置请求超时时间（毫秒）
       beforeSend：发送请求前执行的函数(全局)
         complete：完成之后执行的回调函数(全局)
          success：成功之后执行的回调函数(全局)
            error：失败之后执行的回调函数(全局)
          accepts：通过请求头发送给服务器，告诉服务器当前客户端课接受的数据类型
         dataType：将服务器端返回的数据转换成指定类型
            "xml": 将服务器端返回的内容转换成xml格式
           "text": 将服务器端返回的内容转换成普通文本格式
           "html": 将服务器端返回的内容转换成普通文本格式，在插入DOM中时，如果包含JavaScript标签，则会尝试去执行。 "script": 尝试将返回值当作JavaScript去执行，然后再将服务器端返回的内容转换成普通文本格式 "json": 将服务器端返回的内容转换成相应的JavaScript对象 "jsonp": JSONP 格式使用 JSONP 形式调用函数时，如 "myurl?callback=?" jQuery 将自动替换 ? 为正确的函数名，以执行回调函数

We come to a simple test, using the most primitive HttpServletResponse processing, easiest, most versatile

Springmvc web.xml configuration and configuration files, copy the above cases can remember [static resource filtering and annotation-driven configuration]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 自动扫描指定的包，下面所有注解类交给IOC容器管理 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.controller"/> <mvc:default-servlet-handler /> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 视图解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver"> <!-- 前缀 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <!-- 后缀 --> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>

Write a AjaxController

@Controller
public class AjaxController { @RequestMapping("/a1") public void ajax1(String name , HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { if ("admin".equals(name)){ response.getWriter().print("true"); }else{ response.getWriter().print("false"); } } }

Import jquery, you can use the online CDN, can also be imported download

<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script> <script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/statics/js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script>

Index.jsp written test

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
    <%--<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script>--%>
    <script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/statics/js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        function a1(){ $.post({ url:"${pageContext.request.contextPath}/a1", data:{'name':$("#txtName").val()}, success:function (data,status) { alert(data); alert(status); } }); } </script> </head> <body> <%--onblur：失去焦点触发事件--%> 用户名:<input type="text" id="txtName" onblur="a1()"/> </body> </html>

Start tomcat test! Open the browser-based console, when we leave the mouse input box, you can see a ajax request was made of! Is returned back to us the results! test was successful!

Springmvc achieve

Entity class user

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User { private String name; private int age; private String sex; }

Let's get a collection of objects, showing to the front page

@RequestMapping("/a2")
public List<User> ajax2(){ List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>(); list.add(new User("秦疆1号",3,"男")); list.add(new User("秦疆2号",3,"男")); list.add(new User("秦疆3号",3,"男")); return list; //由于@RestController注解，将list转成json格式返回 }

Front page

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" id="btn" value="获取数据"/> <table width="80%" align="center"> <tr> <td>姓名</td> <td>年龄</td> <td>性别</td> </tr> <tbody id="content"> </tbody> </table> <script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/statics/js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script> <script> $(function () { $("#btn").click(function () { $.post("${pageContext.request.contextPath}/a2",function (data) { console.log(data) var html=""; for (var i = 0; i <data.length ; i++) { html+= "<tr>" + "<td>" + data[i].name + "</td>" + "<td>" + data[i].age + "</td>" + "<td>" + data[i].sex + "</td>" + "</tr>" } $("#content").html(html); }); }) }) </script> </body> </html>

Successful implementation of the data echo! Can experience the benefits of Ajax!

Registration prompt effect

We then test a small Demo, we usually think about when registering, real-time prompts the following input box how to do; how to optimize

We wrote a Controller

@RequestMapping("/a3")
public String ajax3(String name,String pwd){ String msg = ""; //模拟数据库中存在数据 if (name!=null){ if ("admin".equals(name)){ msg = "OK"; }else { msg = "用户名输入错误"; } } if (pwd!=null){ if ("123456".equals(pwd)){ msg = "OK"; }else { msg = "密码输入有误"; } } return msg; //由于@RestController注解，将msg转成json格式返回 }

Front page login.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>ajax</title>
    <script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/statics/js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script>
    <script>

        function a1(){ $.post({ url:"${pageContext.request.contextPath}/a3", data:{'name':$("#name").val()}, success:function (data) { if (data.toString()=='OK'){ $("#userInfo").css("color","green"); }else { $("#userInfo").css("color","red"); } $("#userInfo").html(data); } }); } function a2(){ $.post({ url:"${pageContext.request.contextPath}/a3", data:{'pwd':$("#pwd").val()}, success:function (data) { if (data.toString()=='OK'){ $("#pwdInfo").css("color","green"); }else { $("#pwdInfo").css("color","red"); } $("#pwdInfo").html(data); } }); } </script> </head> <body> <p> 用户名:<input type="text" id="name" onblur="a1()"/> <span id="userInfo"></span> </p> <p> 密码:<input type="text" id="pwd" onblur="a2()"/> <span id="pwdInfo"></span> </p> </body> </html>

[Remember] deal with the garbage problem json

Test results, dynamic request-response, partial refresh, is the case!

9.5, obtain baidu Interface Demo

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title>JSONP百度搜索</title> <style> #q{ width: 500px; height: 30px; border:1px solid #ddd; line-height: 30px; display: block; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 10px; font-size: 14px; } #ul{ width: 520px; list-style: none; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0; border:1px solid #ddd; margin-top: -1px; display: none;