ping command
send ICMP echo request to the target host agreement
Common options:
From the specified native interface to send ICMP: -I INTERFACE
This machine has a plurality of interfaces (NIC), which interface can be selected from hair: -I (uppercase i)
Enp0s3 local network is an interface ip; enp0s8 interfaces is nat ip address, enp0s8 can access the network, enp0s3 not. Here are ping verification.
# ifconfig enp0s3 enp0s3: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.56.107 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.56.255 # ifconfig enp0s8 enp0s8: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 10.0.3.15 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.3.255 # ping -I enp0s8 tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn PING tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (101.6.6.172) from 10.0.3.15 enp0s8: 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 101.6.6.172 (101.6.6.172): icmp_seq=1 ttl=45 time=68.3 ms 64 bytes from 101.6.6.172 (101.6.6.172): icmp_seq=2 ttl=45 time=79.2 ms ^C --- tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1005ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 68.379/73.811/79.244/5.439 ms # ping -I enp0s3 tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn PING tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (101.6.6.172) from 192.168.56.107 enp0s3: 56(84) bytes of data.The number of designated transmission packet: -c #
Specify the size of the package: -s #
# ping -s 9999 www.baidu.com PING www.a.shifen.com (61.135.169.121) 9999(10027) bytes of data.Ping specified length of time to run: -w
Ping the specified time, the longest wait long for a response: -W
# ping -I enp0s8 -c 3 tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn PING tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (101.6.6.172) from 10.0.3.15 enp0s8: 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 101.6.6.172 (101.6.6.172): icmp_seq=1 ttl=45 time=63.0 ms 64 bytes from 101.6.6.172 (101.6.6.172): icmp_seq=2 ttl=45 time=62.9 ms 64 bytes from 101.6.6.172 (101.6.6.172): icmp_seq=3 ttl=45 time=60.6 ms --- tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 60.663/62.218/63.037/1.100 ms # ping -I enp0s8 -w 2 tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn PING tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (101.6.6.172) from 10.0.3.15 enp0s8: 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 101.6.6.172 (101.6.6.172): icmp_seq=1 ttl=45 time=58.0 ms 64 bytes from 101.6.6.172 (101.6.6.172): icmp_seq=2 ttl=45 time=66.1 ms # ping -I enp0s8 -W 2 tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
hping command
Send TCP / IP packets to the target host
# yum list all | grep hping
hping3.x86_64 0.0.20051105-24.el7 epel
pcp-pmda-shping.x86_64 4.3.2-4.el7_7 updates
# yum install hping3
# man hping3Common options:
Quick send: - fast
# hping --fast www.baidu.com HPING www.baidu.com (enp0s8 61.135.169.125): NO FLAGS are set, 40 headers + 0 data bytes len=46 ip=61.135.169.125 ttl=255 id=12411 sport=0 flags=RA seq=0 win=0 rtt=0.2 ms len=46 ip=61.135.169.125 ttl=255 id=12412 sport=0 flags=RA seq=1 win=0 rtt=0.8 ms len=46 ip=61.135.169.125 ttl=255 id=12413 sport=0 flags=RA seq=2 win=0 rtt=0.4 ms len=46 ip=61.135.169.125 ttl=255 id=12414 sport=0 flags=RA seq=3 win=0 rtt=0.9 ms len=46 ip=61.135.169.125 ttl=255 id=12415 sport=0 flags=RA seq=4 win=0 rtt=0.7 ms len=46 ip=61.135.169.125 ttl=255 id=12416 sport=0 flags=RA seq=5 win=0 rtt=0.6 ms len=46 ip=61.135.169.125 ttl=255 id=12417 sport=0 flags=RA seq=6 win=0 rtt=0.8 ms len=46 ip=61.135.169.125 ttl=255 id=12418 sport=0 flags=RA seq=7 win=0 rtt=0.6 ms len=46 ip=61.135.169.125 ttl=255 id=12419 sport=0 flags=RA seq=8 win=0 rtt=0.7 ms ^C --- www.baidu.com hping statistic --- 10 packets transmitted, 9 packets received, 10% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 0.2/0.6/0.9 msIssued quickly, lost 10%
Faster send: - faster
# hping --fast www.baidu.com --- www.baidu.com hping statistic --- 21862 packets transmitted, 958 packets received, 96% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 0.1/3.9/19.9 ms96% of the loss
How fast can you send multiple: - flood
# hping --flood www.baidu.com HPING www.baidu.com (enp0s8 61.135.169.125): NO FLAGS are set, 40 headers + 0 data bytes hping in flood mode, no replies will be shown ^C --- www.baidu.com hping statistic --- 11883 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 0.0/0.0/0.0 ms100% loss
As the ping command can make a big package, wasted bandwidth of the target host; and hping command to quickly contract, occupancy cpu target host, some servers to shut down in response to the request of their functions. In fact, this is a simple way to attack the server.
traceroute command
After the probe to the target host gateways, routers were closed most of this function, and prevent attacks.
# traceroute www.baidu.com
traceroute to www.baidu.com (61.135.169.121), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 gateway (10.0.3.2) 0.249 ms 0.246 ms 0.247 ms
2 gateway (10.0.3.2) 4.780 ms 4.627 ms 4.487 msftp
The old file transfer protocol, ftp server using port 21
# ftp 192.168.4.22
然后提示输入fpt的用户名，可以匿名访问，匿名的话输入：anonymous或者ftp
然后提示输入密码，匿名用户就随便输入一个密码
然后就进入了ftp服务器了。
在里面可以使用ls，cd等命令
输入help，获取命令帮助。
get：下载一个文件
mget：下载多个文件
put/mput：上传一个/多个文件
rm/mrm：删除一个/多个文件lftp command
Instead of ftp commands, supports command completion.
Enter help, get help command
Specify a username and password:lftp -u USERNAME,PASSWD 192.168.45.4
Not specify a user name and password (anonymous access):lftp 192.168.45.4
When anonymous access, does not need to enter anonymous or ftp
get: Downloads a file
mget: download multiple files
put / mput: upload one / file
rm / mrm: Delete one / file
lftpget command
Not log in to the ftp server, direct download. But only download files, you can not download directory.
Application layer protocol used is http
lftpget -c http://192.168.56.22/dir/file
HTTP: -c
wget command
Only download files, you can not download directory.
Downloads them in the background: -b
This option is generally used in the script
Do not show the download progress: -q
HTTP: -c
After you specify the file to download, store to the local where: -O file
Specify the download rate (probably does not specify the maximum rate): --limit-rate amount =
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