High level mapping function

High level mapping function: plot (), pairs (), coplot (), qqnorm (), qqline (), hist (), contour ()

plot () function

General sense:
Plot (the X-) for a number of
plot (x, y) for the number two

x<-rnorm(100,0,1)
y<-x+rnorm(100,0,1)
plot(x)
plot(x,y)

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application:

y<-c(1600, 1610, 1650, 1680, 1700, 1700, 1780, 1500, 1640, 
     1400, 1700, 1750, 1640, 1550, 1600, 1620, 1640, 1600, 
     1740, 1800, 1510, 1520, 1530, 1570, 1640, 1600)
f<-factor(c(rep(1,7),rep(2,5), rep(3,8), rep(4,6)))
plot(f,y)

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Display multivariate data

df<-data.frame(
  Age=c(13, 13, 14, 12, 12, 15, 11, 15, 14, 14, 14, 15,
        12, 13, 12, 16, 12, 11, 15 ), 
  Height=c(56.5, 65.3, 64.3, 56.3, 59.8, 66.5, 51.3, 
           62.5, 62.8, 69.0, 63.5, 67.0, 57.3, 62.5, 
           59.0, 72.0, 64.8, 57.5, 66.5), 
  Weight=c( 84.0,  98.0,  90.0,  77.0,  84.5, 112.0, 
            50.5, 112.5, 102.5, 112.5, 102.5, 133.0,
            83.0,  84.0,  99.5, 150.0, 128.0,  85.0, 
           112.0)
)
plot(df)
attach(df)
plot(~Age+Height)
plot(Weight~Age+Height)

pairs(df)
coplot(Weight ~ Height | Age)

Display graphics

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Example 1: FIG mountain landscape

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x<-seq(0,2800, 400); y<-seq(0,2400,400)
z<-scan()
1180 1320 1450 1420 1400 1300  700  900
1230 1390 1500 1500 1400  900 1100 1060
1270 1500 1200 1100 1350 1450 1200 1150
1370 1500 1200 1100 1550 1600 1550 1380
1460 1500 1550 1600 1550 1600 1600 1600
1450 1480 1500 1550 1510 1430 1300 1200
1430 1450 1470 1320 1280 1200 1080  940

Z<-matrix(z, nrow=8)
image(x, y, Z)
contour(x, y, Z, levels = seq(min(z), max(z), by = 80))
persp(x, y, Z)

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A contour map obtained:

and a three-dimensional map:

Example 2: contour mapping and three-dimensional surface of FIG.

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x<-y<-seq(-2*pi, 2*pi, pi/15)
f<-function(x,y) sin(x)*sin(y)
z<-outer(x,y, f)
contour(x,y,z,col="blue")
persp(x,y,z,theta=30, phi=30, expand=0.7,col="lightblue")

To obtain an image:
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Low-level mapping function

And the dotted line function

Points add function ()
plus wire lines (),

Tagging at point

test()

FIG applied on a straight line

abline (a, b): Draw a BX + A = Y
abline (Y = H): horizontal line through all the points
abline (v = x): a vertical straight line through all the points
abline (lm.obj): draw linear model derived linear equation