Nlog log components Introduction

About NLog

NLog is a simple and flexible .NET logging libraries, NLog the API is very similar to log4net, configuration is very simple. Output log supports many forms: text files, system logs, database, consoles, mail, etc.

1.NLog Profile

In nuget console input nlog installation command: Install-Package NLog.Config

Way Nlog configuration commonly used in two

　　1. Direct use of the profile or web application configuration file (app.config / web.config)

　　2.NLog.config this is a good form (recommended)

Profiles of the main labels are: Targets and rules :

　　<Targets /> - defines a target log / output, the lower is the <target>

　　<Rules /> - routing rules defined in the log, is lower <logger>

2. Introduction label

<nlog>标签
　　autoReload            修改配置文件后是否允许自动加载无须重启程序
　　throwExceptions     内部日志系统抛出异常(建议throwExceptions的值设为“false”，这样由于日志引发的问题不至于导致应用程序的崩溃。)
　　internalLogLevel    可选Trace|Debug|Info|Warn|Error|Fatal决定内部日志的级别 Off 关闭
　　internalLogFile       把内部的调试和异常信息都写入指定文件里
<targets>标签
<target />定义了日志的输出,可以设置文件名称和格式，输出方式。
　　name                      自定义该target的名字,可供rule规则里使用
　　type                        定义类型,官方提供了很多可选类型，常用的还是 File \Database \Colored Console\ Mail
　　layouts                   用来规定布局样式,语法“${属性}”,可以把上下文信息插入到日志中，官方提供的可以用的属性见文末附录
<rules>标签
<logger/>定义日志的记录规则，记录范围
　　name　　　　      记录者的名字
　　minlevel 　　　　 最低级别
　　maxlevel　　　　 最高级别
　　level 　　　　　   单一日志级别
　　levels　　             一系列日志级别，由逗号分隔。

<Variable> tag

变量定义
<!-- 定义变量var1-->
<variable name="var1" value="${basedir}/logs"/>
<targets>
<!-- 使用变量var1-->
　　<target name="File" xsi:type="File" fileName="${var1}/${shortdate}.txt"/>
</targets>

3. A simple chestnuts

Logging to color console, log text file and mysql databases. First, add the following Nlog.config file, placed in the bin console project / debug directory

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      autoReload="true">
  <targets>
    <!--控制台彩色打印-->
    <target name="console" xsi:type="ColoredConsole" useDefaultRowHighlightingRules="false" layout="${longdate}|${pad:padding=5:inner=${level:uppercase=true}}|${message}" >
      <highlight-row condition="level == LogLevel.Debug" foregroundColor="DarkGray" />
      <highlight-row condition="level == LogLevel.Info" foregroundColor="Gray" />
      <highlight-row condition="level == LogLevel.Warn" foregroundColor="Yellow" />
      <highlight-row condition="level == LogLevel.Error" foregroundColor="Red" />
      <highlight-row condition="level == LogLevel.Fatal" foregroundColor="Red" backgroundColor="White" />
    </target>

    <!--写入log文本文件-->
    <target name="file" xsi:type="AsyncWrapper" queueLimit="5000" overflowAction="Discard">
      <target xsi:type="File" fileName="${basedir}/logs/nlog/AT___${shortdate}.log" layout="----------------日志记录开始----------------${newline}【日志时间】：${longdate} ${newline}【日志级别】：${level:uppercase=true}${newline}【异常相关信息】${newline}${message}${newline}${newline}${newline}" />
    </target>

    <!--写入mysql数据库-->
    <target name="db" xsi:type="AsyncWrapper" queueLimit="5000" overflowAction="Discard">
      <target type="Database" dbProvider="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" connectionString="server=10.0.10.66;port=3306;database=logedemo;uid=root;pwd=123321;SslMode=none">
        <commandText>
          INSERT INTO tbLog(Timestamp,Level,Message,StackTrace) VALUES(@time_stamp, @level, @message, @stacktrace);
        </commandText>
        <!--database connection parameters-->
        <parameter name="@time_stamp" layout="${date}" />
        <parameter name="@level" layout="${level:uppercase=true}" />
        <parameter name="@message" layout="${message}" />
        <parameter name="@stacktrace" layout="${stacktrace}" />
      </target>
    </target>
  </targets>
  <rules>
    <logger name="*" minlevel="Debug" writeTo="console" />
    <logger name="*" minlevel="Info" writeTo="db" />
    <logger name="*" minlevel="Debug" writeTo="file" />
  </rules>
</nlog>

LogHelper is a simple helper achieved through expansion of String, call the code is as follows:

class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("---------------------------begin");
            "helper logs debug".Debug();
            "helper logs info".Info();
            "helper logs warn".Warn();
            "helper logs error".Error();
            "helper logs fatal".Fatal();
            Console.WriteLine("---------------------------end");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
    public static class LogHelper
    {
        private static ILogger logger = GetLogger();
        private static ILogger GetLogger()
        {
            LogManager.Configuration = new XmlLoggingConfiguration(Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + @"\Nlog.config"));
            return LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 调试
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="debug"></param>
        public static void Debug(this string debug)
        {
            logger.Debug(debug);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="info"></param>
        public static void Info(this string info)
        {
            logger.Info(info);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 警告
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="warn"></param>
        public static void Warn(this string warn)
        {
            logger.Warn(warn);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 错误
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="error"></param>
        public static void Error(this string error)
        {
            logger.Error(error);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 严重错误
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fatale"></param>
        public static void Fatal(this string fatal)
        {
            logger.Fatal(fatal);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 跟踪
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="trace"></param>
        public static void Trace(this string trace)
        {
            logger.Trace(trace);
        }
    }

Record results are as follows:

Console log information using color highlight display

the effect is as follows mysql

log files results are as follows

Exception information here is just a simple word, in the actual development we can add a lot of content to the abnormality-related information, the following is a .Net exception log WebApi of the display:

The filter code is as follows

/// <summary>
    /// 异常处理过滤器
    /// </summary>
    public class ErrorHandleAttribute : ExceptionFilterAttribute
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 异常处理过滤器
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="actionExecutedContext"></param>

        public override void OnException(HttpActionExecutedContext actionExecutedContext)
        {
            //获取客户端Ip
            string clientIP = GetHostAddress();//主机Ip
            //获取httpmethod
            string strHttpMethod = actionExecutedContext.Request.Method.ToString();
            //请求的url
            string url = actionExecutedContext.Request.RequestUri.AbsoluteUri;
            //异常信息
            string exceptionMsg = actionExecutedContext.Exception.Message;
            //异常定位
            string exceptionPosition = actionExecutedContext.Exception.StackTrace.Split(new string[] { "\r\n" }, StringSplitOptions.None).Where(s => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(s)).First().Trim();
            //string stack
            //记录的message
            string message = $"----1.[客户端Ip]：{ clientIP} " + Environment.NewLine + $"----2.[请求方法]：{ strHttpMethod} " + Environment.NewLine + $"----3.[请求url]：{ url }" + Environment.NewLine + $"----4.[异常信息]：{exceptionMsg} " + Environment.NewLine + $"----5.[异常定位]：{exceptionPosition}";
            //Log4net记录
            LogHelper.WriteErrorLog("", message);
            //nlog记录
            NlogHelper.WriteErrorLog(message);
            actionExecutedContext.Response = actionExecutedContext.Request.CreateResponse(
                HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError,
              new { msg = "服务器忙，请稍后再试！" });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取客户端IP地址（无视代理）
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>若失败则返回回送地址</returns>
        public static string GetHostAddress()
        {
            string userHostAddress = HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables["REMOTE_ADDR"];
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(userHostAddress))
            {
                if (System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables["HTTP_VIA"] != null)
                    userHostAddress = HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables["HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"].ToString().Split(',')[0].Trim();
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(userHostAddress))
                {
                    userHostAddress = HttpContext.Current.Request.UserHostAddress;
                }
            }
            //最后判断获取是否成功，并检查IP地址的格式（检查其格式非常重要）
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(userHostAddress) && IsIP(userHostAddress))
            {
                return userHostAddress;
            }
            return "127.0.0.1";
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 检查IP地址格式
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ip"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool IsIP(string ip)
        {
            return System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.IsMatch(ip, @"^((2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]|[01]?\d\d?)\.){3}(2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]|[01]?\d\d?)$");
        }
    }

4.layout parameter list

${appdomain}	The current application domain
${assembly-version}	application
${basedir}	The basic directory for the application domain.
${callsite}	(Information source class name, a method name and related information).
${counter}	Numerical
${date}	The current date and time.
${environment}	Environment Variables
${exception}	exception information
$ {Guid}	GUID
${identity}	Thread identification information
${level}	level.
${log4jxmlevent}	XML Event Description
${logger}	Recorder name
$ {Longdate}	Date and time format classification yyyy-MM-dd HH: mm: ss.ffff.
${machinename}	name
${message}	News
${newline}	Character 换行
${processid}	The current process identifier
${processinfo}	Run Information
${processname}	The name of the current process.
${processtime}	During which time format HH: MM: ss.mmm.
$ {} Shortdate	A short format YYYY-MM-DD.
${threadid}	Identifier for the current thread.
${threadname}	The current thread.
${ticks}	The current date and time.
${time}	24-hour format HH: MM: ss.mmm.
$ {Was}	{$ Var} - new variables (4.1)

Added: Below is a sub-level record Nlog.Config, this configuration file and the top of the LogHelper can be used together.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      autoReload="true">
  <targets>
    <target name="Debug" xsi:type="file" fileName="F:/Logs/Debug/${shortdate}-Debug.log" layout="----------------日志记录开始----------------${newline}【日志时间】：${longdate} ${newline}【日志级别】：${level:uppercase=true}${newline}【相关信息】${newline}${message}${newline}${newline}${newline}"  />
    <target name="Warn"  xsi:type="file" fileName="F:/Logs/Warn/${shortdate}-Warn.log"   layout="----------------日志记录开始----------------${newline}【日志时间】：${longdate} ${newline}【日志级别】：${level:uppercase=true}${newline}【相关信息】${newline}${message}${newline}${newline}${newline}"  />
    <target name="Error" xsi:type="file" fileName="F:/Logs/Error/${shortdate}-Error.log" layout="----------------日志记录开始----------------${newline}【日志时间】：${longdate} ${newline}【日志级别】：${level:uppercase=true}${newline}【相关信息】${newline}${message}${newline}${newline}${newline}"  />
    <target name="Info"  xsi:type="file" fileName="F:/Logs/Info/${shortdate}-Info.log"   layout="----------------日志记录开始----------------${newline}【日志时间】：${longdate} ${newline}【日志级别】：${level:uppercase=true}${newline}【相关信息】${newline}${message}${newline}${newline}${newline}"  />
    <target name="Fatal" xsi:type="file" fileName="F:/Logs/Fatal/${shortdate}-Fatal.log" layout="----------------日志记录开始----------------${newline}【日志时间】：${longdate} ${newline}【日志级别】：${level:uppercase=true}${newline}【相关信息】${newline}${message}${newline}${newline}${newline}"  />
    <target name="Trace" xsi:type="file" fileName="F:/Logs/Trace/${shortdate}-Trace.log" layout="----------------日志记录开始----------------${newline}【日志时间】：${longdate} ${newline}【日志级别】：${level:uppercase=true}${newline}【相关信息】${newline}${message}${newline}${newline}${newline}"  />
  </targets>
  <rules>
    <logger name="*" levels="Info" writeTo="Info" />
    <logger name="*" levels="Warn" writeTo="Warn" />
    <logger name="*" levels="Trace" writeTo="Trace" />
    <logger name="*" levels="Debug" writeTo="Debug" />
    <logger name="*" levels="Error" writeTo="Error" />
    <logger name="*" levels="Fatal" writeTo="Fatal" />
  </rules>
</nlog>