Docker Three Musketeers --docker-compose

A, Docker-Compose Profile

Compose is a tool for defining and operating container docker application. By Compose, you can use YAML file with all the services required by the application. Then, use a command, you can create and start all services from a YAML file with the. Then you need to understand the basic syntax of YAML files.

YAML file basic syntax:

Case Sensitive;

Use indention hierarchy;

Indent does not allow tab, allowing only spaces;

The number of spaces to indent does not matter, as long as the left-aligned elements of the same level can be;

"#" Indicates a comment;

Docker-Compose tool arrangement is a container. By a .yml or .yaml file, the deployment method for all containers, file mapping, port mapping and other containers written in a configuration file, execute the command docker-compose up like a script execution, one by one, to install and deploy container.

Dockerfile allows users to manage a single application container; Compose the application allows the user to define a set of associated containers in a template (YAML form);

Docker Compose will manage the container is divided into three layers:

Engineering (project);
Service (service);
The container (Container);

Yml all files in the directory docker compose run up a project, a project contains multiple services, each defined container running mirror, parameters, depend. Services may include a plurality of container instance.

docker-compose that docker container layout tool, mainly to address each other have to manage multiple containers dependencies.

Second, the installation docker-compose the use of tools

To use this container docker-comppose layout tool, it must be based on the host environment docker, reference may docker detailed installation guide . After docker environment to solve, is to download docker-compose this command, you can on GitHub official website to download, as shown:
Docker Three Musketeers --docker-compose

When you download compose tool, you must first see docker version of this machine!

[root@docker ~]# docker -v          //查看docker的版本信息
Docker version 18.09.0, build 4d60db4
//本次采用18.9.0版本

If docker version is too low, you can find other versions of themselves docker-compose tool. After selecting the appropriate version, execute commands found on github website.

[root@docker ~]# curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.0/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
[root@docker ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

If the speed is poor you can use the following command:

[root@docker ~]# curl -L https://get.daocloud.io/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.0/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` > /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
[root@docker ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
//使用道云的加速器进行下载
[root@docker ~]# docker-compose -v       //查看工具的版本信息
docker-compose version 1.25.0, build 0a186604

Third, write .yml file

(1) Build a simple file Nginx service .yml

[root@docker ~]# vim /root/.vimrc   
set tabstop=2
[root@docker ~]# source /root/.vimrc
//由于tab键使用的较多，所以事先设置了一个tab键代表的空格数
[root@docker ~]# mkdir compose_test
[root@docker ~]# cd compose_test/          
//创建一个测试目录，用于存放docker-compose.yml文件
//建议一个目录下只有一个docker-compose.yml文件
[root@docker compose_test]# vim docker-compose.yml   //编写一个docker-compose.yml文件
version: "3"                             //指定语法的版本
services:                                //定义服务
  nginx:
    container_name: web_nginx           //运行的容器名
    image: nginx                                   //使用的镜像
    restart: always                                //随docker服务的启动而启动
    ports:
      - 90:80                                         //映射的端口
    volumes:
      - /root/compose_test/webserver:/usr/share/nginx/html           //本地与容器挂载的目录
//编写文件注意缩进      
[root@docker compose_test]# docker-compose up -d
//使用当前目录下的docker-compose.yml文件生成相应的容器
//“-d”选项，表示后台运行，如果不指定，默认则在前台运行，会占用终端
[root@docker compose_test]# docker ps           //查看运行的容器
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                NAMES
c674041cc65b        nginx               "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   8 minutes ago       Up 8 minutes        0.0.0.0:90->80/tcp   web_nginx
[root@docker compose_test]# echo "hello world" > webserver/index.html
//创建测试网页
[root@docker compose_test]# curl 127.0.0.1:90
hello world
//访问测试
[root@docker compose_test]# docker-compose stop        
//通过.yml文件停止文件中指定的容器
[root@docker compose_test]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
//查看效果
[root@docker ~]# docker-compose -f /root/compose_test/docker-compose.yml up -d
//可以使用“-f”选项来指定yml文件启动文件中定义的容器

(2) compose + dockerfile mirror Construction

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir compose && cd compose          //创建一个测试目录并进入
[root@localhost compose]# vim Dockerfile                  //创建dockerfile
FROM nginx:latest
ADD html /usr/share/nginx/html
[root@localhost compose]# vim docker-compose.yml       //编写yml文件
version: "3"
services:
  nginx:
    build: .                                //这里指定dockerfile的路径，可以写相对路径或绝对路径
    container_name: mynginx                    //生成的容器名称
    image: mynginx                                    //使用dockerfile生成的镜像名称
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 70:80
[root@localhost compose]# mkdir html
[root@localhost compose]# echo "hello world" > html/index.html       //创建网页目录
[root@localhost compose]# docker-compose build            //就是将dockerfile文件生成镜像
[root@localhost compose]# docker-compose up -d          //直接生成容器，上一条命令可以忽略
[root@localhost compose]# curl 127.0.0.1:70
hello world
//测试效果

(3) build a blog platform file using .yml

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir wordpress && cd wordpress            //创建测试目录
[root@localhost wordpress]# vim docker-compose.yml           //编写yml文件
version: "3.1"
services:
  wordprss:
    image: wordpress                          //指定使用的镜像
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 8080:80                                          //指定映射的端口
    environment:                                       //修改容器内部的环境变量
      WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: db
      WORDPRESS_DB_USER: wordpress
      WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: 123.com
      WORDPRESS_DB_NAME: wordpress
  db:
    image: mysql:5.7
    restart: always
    environment:
      MYSQL_DATABASE: wordpress
      MYSQL_USER: wordpress
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: 123.com
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123.com
[root@localhost wordpress]# docker-compose up -d          //生成相应的容器，并在后台运行
[root@localhost wordpress]# netstat -anpt | grep 8080         //确定端口在监听
tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN      5546/docker-proxy 
[root@localhost wordpress]# docker ps | grep word            //确定容器在运行
81dd5fe032a6        wordpress           "docker-entrypoint.s…"   7 minutes ago       Up 7 minutes        0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp   wordpress_wordprss_1
702b530d7679        mysql:5.7           "docker-entrypoint.s…"   7 minutes ago       Up 7 minutes        3306/tcp, 33060/tcp    wordpress_db_1
[root@localhost wordpress]# echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@localhost wordpress]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

Now you can access the test page. Figure:
Docker Three Musketeers --docker-compose

visit the blog to build your own success!

Three, Docker monitoring

(1) docker comes with the monitor command

[root@localhost ~]# docker top wordpress_wordprss_1          //查看容器的使用状态
UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
root                5601                5569                0                   20:53               ?                   00:00:00            apache2 -DFOREGROUND
33                  6073                5601                0                   20:54               ?                   00:00:00            apache2 -DFOREGROUND
33                  6074                5601                0                   20:54               ?                   00:00:00            apache2 -DFOREGROUND
33                  6075                5601                0                   20:54               ?                   00:00:00            apache2 -DFOREGROUND
33                  6076                5601                0                   20:54               ?                   00:00:00            apache2 -DFOREGROUND
33                  6077                5601                0                   20:54               ?                   00:00:00            apache2 -DFOREGROUND
33                  6096                5601                0                   20:54               ?                   00:00:00            apache2 -DFOREGROUND
33                  6098                5601                0                   20:54               ?                   00:00:00            apache2 -DFOREGROUND
33                  6099                5601                0                   20:54               ?                   00:00:00            apache2 -DFOREGROUND
33                  6100                5601                0                   20:54               ?                   00:00:00            apache2 -DFOREGROUND
33                  6155                5601                0                   20:57               ?                   00:00:00            apache2 -DFOREGROUND
[root@localhost ~]# docker stats wordpress_wordprss_1 
[root@localhost ~]# docker logs wordpress_wordprss_1 
//这三条都是容器本身自带的监控命令

(2) sysdig

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it --rm --name sysdig --privileged=true --volume=/var/run/docker.sock:/host/var/run/docker.sock --volume=/dev:/host/dev --volume=/proc:/host/proc:ro --volume=/boot:/host/boot:ro --volume=/lib/modules:/host/lib/modules:ro --volume=/usr:/host/usr:ro sysdig/sysdig
//创建一个容器并自动进入容器中
//--rm：随着退出容器而被删除；
//--privileged=true：赋予特殊权限；
root@711dbeb59fdd:/# csysdig                 //执行这条命令

As shown:
Docker Three Musketeers --docker-compose
figure may be used to operate the keyboard and mouse!

（3）scope

[root@localhost ~]#  curl -L git.io/scope -o /usr/local/bin/scope
[root@localhost ~]#  chmod +x /usr/local/bin/scope     //下载安装脚本
[root@localhost ~]#  scope launch           //以容器方式启动
……………………
Weave Scope is listening at the following URL(s):
  * http://172.21.0.1:4040/
  * http://192.168.122.1:4040/
  * http://172.22.0.1:4040/
  * http://172.20.0.1:4040/
  * http://172.18.0.1:4040/
  * http://172.19.0.1:4040/
  * http://192.168.1.1:4040/
//根据末尾的提示信息进行访问

Figure:
Docker Three Musketeers --docker-compose
According to the figures suggest, you can click on their own to test!

If you want to monitor two words: host name must be distinguished as follows:

[root@dockerA ~]#  curl -L git.io/scope -o /usr/local/bin/scope
[root@dockerA ~]#  chmod +x /usr/local/bin/scope
[root@dockerA ~]# scope launch 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2       //首选指定本地的IP，再指定对方的IP
[root@dockerA ~]# docker run -itd --name http httpd      //运行一个容器进行测试
[root@dockerB ~]#  curl -L git.io/scope -o /usr/local/bin/scope
[root@dockerB ~]#  chmod +x /usr/local/bin/scope
[root@dockerB ~]# scope launch 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.1
[root@dockerB ~]# docker run -itd --name nginx nginx

Access (dockerA, dockerB Renyiyitai to) test:
Docker Three Musketeers --docker-compose

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