According to their own feelings of topics, some of the error-prone points or obscure place finish, the record
1, binary conversion
10 hexadecimal is converted into binary to see if the same network segment: the IP subnet mask and the ( 1 1 1 and 1 = 0 and 0 = 0 = 0 and 0; 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 255.255.0.0 ) transfected ary Phase 2 after, to give a network address , the network address as a subnet at hexadecimal 10 into decimal count storage: first converted into binary, leaving k (2 10 = 1024 power), remaining in the converted to decimal
2, pv operation, P is in blocking state
3, binary tree , after the sequence mode, the first left and right and then intermediate; the sequence mode, the first left and then the right
4, project activity diagram , a program time of the longest active path; delay time is the longest time can be changed to the item of the longest path difference
5, the structural analysis method, the models are used for modeling the behavior of the data flow diagram , which elements include processing
6, UML类图
Common are the following relation: Generalization \ implemented \ association \ polymerizable \ compositions \ dependent
Generalization : it specifies how Laid subclass of all of the characteristics and behavior of the parent class (a special succession). [Arrows pointing]: with a solid line triangle arrow , arrows pointing parent
Realization : It is a relationship of classes and interfaces, which represents not only inherit inheritance structure behavior, is the most common relationships between classes and interfaces. Arrows point []: UML belt by the triangular dotted line arrow , arrows pointing to the interface
The polymerization : the relationship with the whole portion, and a whole portion can leave alone and pointing arrow []: with open diamonds, solid line , the whole diamond point
A combination of : an integral part of the relationship, but some can not leave the entire arrow and [exist] alone point: with a solid line in the filled diamonds , diamond point whole
Association : a relationship of is own, it knows that the properties and methods of a class, and the arrow pointing] [another class: associate with unidirectional solid line arrow in general , the arrow points to the owner
Dependency : use of a relationship, i.e. a class implementation needs the assistance of another class, and the arrow pointing to []: a broken line with an arrow , pointing by the user
7, the basic path V (G) = area = number of edges Number - the number of nodes +2
8, pass the reference value and the transmission mode : mode is a parameter passing arguments address to the parameter
9, Design Patterns : Adapter mode (Adapt), bridge mode (Abstraction), Decorator (Decorator), proxy mode (Proxy)
Adapter : The aim is to implement an interface, a living has been converted into the interface of the caller needs
Bridge : The aim is to achieve the abstract and the concrete realization, so they do not directly inherit
Decorator : keeping the situation under the same interface, added functionality implemented on the basis of existing
Proxy mode : The aim is to provide an agent to control the caller calls
10, when the sequences are substantially ordered. Use insertion sort is the highest efficiency
11, non-functional testing: performance testing, security testing, compatibility testing, usability testing
12, the main target of object-oriented unit testing is a function for the program, process, or at the completion of a particular function block
On the inheritance, if a parent class method when the test has been tested, then under what circumstances also need to be tested in a subclass?
1: class member functions inherited made changes in a subclass
2: member function calls the altered portion of the member function
Polymorphism
Only need to add the original test and analysis based on consideration of the type of the input data of test cases; to test the base class, then the different test cases are designed according to the input data.
13, maintenance
Corrective maintenance: it refers to the process of using found hidden errors after, in order to diagnose and correct these errors covert activities to modify the software
Adaptive maintenance: it is applicable to the changed environment and modify the software activities
Improve maintenance: it refers to expand or improve existing software functionality or performance and modify the software activities
Preventive Maintenance: refers to the software in order to improve the maintainability and reliability , to lay the foundation for further improvements in the future of software and modifying activities
14, software reliability under specified conditions, within the specified time, the software does not cause the probability of failure
Factors: operational profile, software size, internal structure of software, software development methods and development environment, the reliability of software investment, etc.
Failure probability is software that is run from the start until a certain moment, the probability of failure occurs; reliability is the probability of software systems under the conditions prescribed, failure does not occur within the specified time, the average time to failure refers to the software running, to the next the average time a failure occurs
Software reliability R (t) and a software failure probability is directly related to R (t) = 1-F (t)
15, the object of software testing: programs, data, documents,
16, of FIG demonstrated with a set of relationships between the participants and their typically include: use cases, participants expanded relationship, relationship comprising
Relationship comprising: containing encapsulated with a set of embodiments with the embodiment is similar across a plurality of the operation (behavior fragment), in order to multiplex a plurality of groups with Example
Extend relationship: in some cases the operation is relatively independent groups and optionally with, be extended for encapsulating Example
17, addressing modes : 1 immediately (to the operand itself) directly 2 (to the operand address) 3 indirectly (the number of addresses to the storing operation) 4 Indirect Register (address register to store the number of operations) 5 register addressing 6 indexed addressing (Rx index register to form the address obtained by adding the a-operand address) 7 based addressing (6 into the base register) 8 relative addressing (program to calculate provides reference address)
18, virtual memory :( partially loaded, not on the extension of the auxiliary memory (main memory - auxiliary storage))
Finally, the last, my own search for some examination skills of others: The first step: the example of previous years, the order of the brush again, to write down the answers to error-prone points, understanding of memory. Step 2: After the first pass after brushing, and then re-do it again, this time at the wrong place to look at their own third step: True or False is targeted repeatedly understanding of memory
I practice is the first step, brush once a day application technology. Answers, understand, remember title; the second step, a roll brush every day comprehensive knowledge of the answer, remember the question; the third step: a complete set of brushing every day to answer questions remember correctly; Step four: the previous year's topic do a few times, the general relevance of similarity will be great, this is necessary, especially in even-numbered years the basic exam is based on several years of odd, but deepened the point of difficulty, not so anxious for a friend you can choose to take the exam even-numbered years, to see more papers on a odd-numbered years, the pass rate will be higher. I may be a little stupid mind, some things can not understand half past one I would memorize it, this is really helpful, others do not know the appropriate NA ......