python time module (13)

python time module provides a variety of functions related mainly containing the date and time functions. time module provides both the date and time function formatted as a string, but also provides a resume date and time from the feature string.

Tell you a little secret

I. Introduction

Module provided within a time many functions, many time.struct_time function returns a class that represents a time object that mainly contains nine attributes, each attribute information as shown:

time

.Time two common function module Introduction

time.gmtime ([secs]) - The time is representative of the number of seconds into a struct_time object. If you do not pass parameters, the current time;

time.asctime ([t]) - tuple or struct_time time is converted to a time string. If no parameter t, the current default conversion time;

time.localtime ([secs]) - The time is represented by the number of seconds representing the current object converted struct_time time. If you do not pass parameters, the current time;

time.sleep (secs) - pause secs seconds, do not do anything;

time.strftime (format [, t]) - struct_time time tuples or objects formatted string for the specified time format. If no parameter t, the current default conversion time;

time.strptime (string [, format]) - The format of the time string struct_time parsed into objects;

time.time () - returns from at 0:00 on January 1, 1970 up to now the whole the number of seconds;

time.tzname - name Returns the local area;

# 获取本地时区的名字
local_time = time.tzname[0]
# 如果不设置编码格式，输出是乱码
print(local_time.encode('latin-1').decode('gbk'))

输出：

中国标准时间

This operation also

三.time模块使用

1.获取时间

# !usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 _*-
"""
@Author:何以解忧
@Blog(个人博客地址): shuopython.com
@WeChat Official Account(微信公众号)：猿说python
@Github:www.github.com
 
@File:python_time.py
@Time:2019/11/07 21:25
 
@Motto:不积跬步无以至千里，不积小流无以成江海，程序人生的精彩需要坚持不懈地积累！
"""
 
# 导入时间time模块
import time
 
# 获取当前时间，默认格式
print(time.asctime())
 
# 返回 time.struct_time 类型对象
print(time.gmtime())
 
# 返回 time.struct_time 类型对象
print(time.localtime())
 
# 返回从 1970 年 1 月 1 日 0 点整到现在过了多少秒
print(time.time())

输出结果：

Thu Nov  7 21:26:29 2019
time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=11, tm_mday=7, tm_hour=13, tm_min=26, tm_sec=29, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=311, tm_isdst=0)
time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=11, tm_mday=7, tm_hour=21, tm_min=26, tm_sec=29, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=311, tm_isdst=0)
1573133189.8083951

2.自定义时间格式

可以通过 time.strftime() 函数将 struct_time 对象转为自定义时间格式或者将字符串转为 struct_time 对象，在转换过程中可能需要用到以下格式参数：

%a 星期几的简写;

%A 星期几的全称;

%b 月分的简写;

%B 月份的全称;

%c 标准的日期的时间串;

%C 年份的后两位数字;

%d 十进制表示的每月的第几天;

%D 月/天/年;

%e 在两字符域中，十进制表示的每月的第几天;

%F 年-月-日;

%g 年份的后两位数字，使用基于周的年;

%G 年分，使用基于周的年;

%h 简写的月份名;

%H 24小时制的小时;

%I 12小时制的小时;

%j 十进制表示的每年的第几天;

%m 十进制表示的月份;

%M 十时制表示的分钟数;

%n 新行符;

%p 本地的AM或PM的等价显示;

%r 12小时的时间;

%R 显示小时和分钟：hh:mm;

%S 十进制的秒数;

%t 水平制表符;

%T 显示时分秒：hh:mm:ss;

%u 每周的第几天，星期一为第一天（值从0到6，星期一为0）;

%U 第年的第几周，把星期日做为第一天（值从0到53）;

%V 每年的第几周，使用基于周的年;

%w 十进制表示的星期几（值从0到6，星期天为0）;

%W 每年的第几周，把星期一做为第一天（值从0到53）;

%x 标准的日期串;

%X 标准的时间串;

%y 不带世纪的十进制年份（值从0到99）;

%Y 带世纪部分的十制年份;

%z，%Z 时区名称，如果不能得到时区名称则返回空字符;

%% 百分号;

将 struct_time 对象转为自定义时间格式，示例代码如下：

# 导入时间time模块
import time
 
 
str_time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.gmtime())#再由中间格式转为字符串(str)
print(str_time)
 
str_time = time.strftime('%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime())#再由中间格式转为字符串(str)
print(str_time)
 
str_time = The time.strftime ( ' % the Y /% m /% H-D%%% M-S ' , time.localtime ()) # and then from the intermediate format into a string (STR) 
Print (str_time)

Output:

2019-11-07 14:14:59
2019/11/07 22:14:59
2019/11/07 22-14-59

asphyxia

3. Review the code execution time

In python project development process, we tend to optimize the code, find out what the code is relatively time-consuming, how much concrete time-consuming, then the same can also be done through the time module,

# 导入时间模块
import time
 
start_time = time.time()
# 代码块
elapse_time = time.time() - start_time  # 单位：秒

Code analysis: get the current time by the time.time (), and then subtracting the two times, the code can be obtained naturally takes time, unit: seconds following sample code:

# 导入时间time模块
import time
 
def my_model():
 
    start_time = time.time()
    # 如果年底老板给我加薪，我就注释这行代码，可以让程序运行效率明显提升
    time.sleep(0.5)
    end_time = time.time()
    print("核心功能代码耗时：{}秒".format(end_time - start_time))
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
 
    # 核心功能实现
    for i in range(0,10):
        my_model()

If one day you go Fudge your project with this code experience or boss, when you interrupted Please do not mention my leg!

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