In China, the wisdom of the city is the advanced stage of urbanization, the construction of smart city is to promote city informatization sample with Chinese characteristics, both strategic and practical significance. The idea is to create a smart city "livable, comfortable, safe" urban living environment, to improve the urban comprehensive management, economic development, public services, etc., to achieve urban "perception, interconnection and intelligence." To achieve this goal, we can not do without the support of advanced and innovative technologies.
From the laying of the network, device sensors, build a platform to achieve full data acquisition, margin calculated in the wisdom of the city has a wealth of application scenarios. Light poles installed on both sides of the road sensor, facilitate the collection of urban road surface information, detect air quality, light intensity, the level of noise and other environmental data. When the lights failed instant feedback to maintenance personnel. Sensors installed in the building elevator, elevator to collect the number of passengers, running time and other information, and the information is uploaded cloud platform, through statistical analysis to optimize elevator operation, troubleshooting reasons. Installed in commercial buildings parking sensor, easy operation and management of parking spaces the property, while the driver also through third-party applications, according to the sensor signals sent information learned empty spaces, parking gather background information, analysis and based on reasonable dispatch and parking on-site parking spaces instant access to information, constitute a perfect parking sensor system, to some extent, can alleviate peak "difficult parking" urbanization problems.
Smart city construction rely on a single centralized approach cloud computing model can not cope with all the problems, we need a variety of computing models of integration can solve these problems. Edge computation model can calculate the maximum degree to migrate to the vicinity of the principles of the data source, the user needs to process the edge calculation model. Edge computing are the following advantages in the wisdom of the city:
Massive data processing: In a large population of large cities all the time to generate a lot of data, and these data if all handed over to the cloud center to deal with, it will cause a huge burden on the network, serious waste of resources. If these data can be processed nearby, processed within a local area network data source is located, then it will greatly reduce the network load, data processing capacity will be further improved.
Low latency: In big cities, there are many services that require real-time characteristics, which requires the response speed can be further improved as much as possible. Such as medical and public safety, by calculating the edge, to reduce the data transmission time in the network, to simplify the network structure, data for the analysis, diagnosis and decision can be referred to the edge node processing, thereby improving the user experience.
Location-aware: some location-based applications, the edge computing performance due to cloud computing. Such as navigation, terminal apparatus according to their real-time location information and the associated location data to the edge node for processing, and the edge node judgment decision based on the existing data. Throughout the process of network overhead is minimal. The user requests to obtain fast response.
With the increasing amount of urban traffic data, the user will also need to raise vast amounts of real-time traffic information. If all the data back to the cloud computing center, there will be a waste of bandwidth and latency issues, but if the real-time data analysis and processing on the edge server, you can according to road conditions in real time and make resources available to users the corresponding instructions.
Edge computing applications in smart city traffic control system is not only reflected in the intelligent transportation, automotive networking, etc., in the wisdom of urban transport and facilities management applications based on geographic location, the position recognition technology, based on the geographic edge computing can also body the location data collection and real-time processing, without having to send it to the cloud computing center corresponding operation. On the application of the city video surveillance system can be constructed converged edge computing model and video surveillance technology hardware and software services platform for new video surveillance applications to enhance video surveillance system front-end camera intelligent processing capabilities, thus achieving major criminal cases and terrorist attacks activities warning systems and response mechanisms. Excessive urban lighting, refrigeration, electrical and other disorderly use, resulting in wasting a lot of energy, the traditional manual method can not control the orderly control of lighting and refrigeration systems in real time according to the actual needs of the environment, resulting in even if no one lights often bright, air conditioner normally open, wasting a lot of energy, which can be calculated by the edge of the actual real-time control and orderly environment and energy efficiency control policy, implement refined management, and regularly synchronized with the cloud. Edge computing applications on energy efficiency whom management can result in higher reliability and lower energy consumption and maintenance costs, city building and energy management with intelligent street lamps in the city.
Edge computing-enabled smart city Typical applications include intelligent elevator and intelligent lighting.
1, the edge is calculated to achieve real-time response to elevator malfunction. "Ladder network" is generally used lift sensor data - Drive distal APP- this data transmission link, the link is interrupted once the accident sensor and the edge member to have independent computing power, and the edge is calculated so that the ability to open to professional elevator solutions provider.
2, the edge is calculated to ensure the survival of the local real-time data. "Networking ladder" in the cloud is important, but once the clouds break the link, you need to be able to have the edge gateway mechanism to deal with local affairs, real-time data exists on the gateway until the network is restored to upload.
3, edge calculation data aggregation can be achieved. Lift sensor information collected each day and large, the edge portion of the data is calculated to ensure the timely polymerization process, without establishing a connection with the cloud, the cloud upload.
in conclusion
智慧城市的建设依靠单一的集中处理方式的云计算模型无法应对所有问题，需要多种计算模式的融合才可以解决这些问题。边缘计算模型可作为云计算中心在网络边缘的延伸，能够高效地处理城市中任意时刻产生的海量数据，更安全地处理用户和相关机构的隐私数据，才能帮助政府更快更及时地作出决策，提高城市公民的生活质量。