VMWare virtual machine to install linux
The concept of virtual machines
Virtual machine, its essence is actually a program. But this program, mimics a complete host commonly used VMware, VirtualBox, Microsoft Virtual PC, Win10 system shutdown comes Hiper-V virtual machine
Install Virtual Machine
vmware official website address https://www.vmware.com/ download and install
Installing linux
Red Hat Linux has a fee: Red Hat free: Ubuntu, CentOS, Debian. They probably are differences: Ubuntu interface is pretty rich strong Debian CentOS documentation stability
- Download CentOS Mirror
- Create a new virtual machine
- Typical election, then the next step
- Choose later to install the operating system, the next step
- Guest Operating System Selection: Linux (L) version of choice: CentOS 7 64 Wei Next
- Virtual machine name: CentOS 7 64 bit (2) position (L): f: \ vm \ linux choose a larger disk space, disk I use the f Next
- Use the default 20G. The default Split virtual disk into multiple files Next
- Click the Custom Hardware
- Select Memory
- Selection processor virtualization Intel VT-x / EPT or AMD-V / RVI (V) have hook
- The new CD / DVD (IDE) choose to download the iso image file CentOs
- Network adapter uses the default NAT mode, click OK, click Finish
When you turn on the virtual machine installation information to select the language summary of the installation position does nothing open completion point; network and host name to open the Ethernet switch point start installation process set ROOT password
Boot linux
New vm_start.bat and content to create a shortcut: "C: \ Program Files (x86) \ VMware \ VMware Workstation \ vmrun.exe" start "F: \ vm \ linux \ CentOS 7 64.vmx"
Description: C: \ Program Files (x86) \ VMware \ VMware Workstation \ vmrun.exe is the virtual machine, the default installation, then will this position. F: \ \ vmx file address linux \ CentOS 7 64.vmx is the virtual machine, the shortcut into the vm windows system startup directory C: \ ProgramData \ Microsoft \ Windows \ Start Menu \ Programs \ StartUp
Install a firewall
Install a firewall
yum -y install firewalld firewall-config
To start the firewall, under the first restart dbus
systemctl restart dbus
The following commands firewall life cycle management
to start a service:
systemctl start firewalld.service
Close a service:
systemctl stop firewalld.service
Restart a service:
systemctl restart firewalld.service
Displays the status of a service:
systemctl status firewalld.service
Enable a service at boot:
systemctl enable firewalld.service
At boot disable a service:
systemctl disable firewalld.service
See if service startup:
systemctl is-enabled firewalld.service
Check the list of services have been started:
systemctl list-unit-files|grep enabled
View a list of services failed to start:
systemctl --failed
Firewall Configuration
View Version:
firewall-cmd --version
View Help:
firewall-cmd --help
Display state:
firewall-cmd --state
View all open ports:
firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
Update firewall rules:
firewall-cmd --reload
Viewing area information:
firewall-cmd --get-active-zones
Check the specified interface belongs:
firewall-cmd --get-zone-of-interface=eth0
To reject all packets, do not use this test. However, only not as good as VMWare terminal to go off the firewall SSH client, somewhat cumbersome:
firewall-cmd --panic-on
Unblock status:
firewall-cmd --panic-off
Check whether to reject:
firewall-cmd --query-panic
How to open a port that it
added
Note 1: - permanent permanent, this argument does not restart after failure
Note 2: increased use firewall-cmd --reload, to take effect
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
Reload
firewall-cmd --reload
View
firewall-cmd --zone=public --query-port=80/tcp
delete
firewall-cmd --zone= public --remove-port=80/tcp --permanent
Common tools installed
yum install iproute ftp bind-utils net-tools wget -y
among them:
iproute the ip address for the local address See
ftp ftp server for testing
bind_utils used to run nslookup
net-tools for performing netstate
wget wget of both execution
View the card address
ip address
ftp service
ftp 127.0.0.1
Domain name server
nslookup www.baidu.com
Check whether a port is open
netstat -anp|grep 8080
Access to network resources
wget www.baidu.com