0. Introduction
Some time ago, considering the deployment of a system to practice CI / CD's. Taking into account the outset Jenkins, along with two days to understand, discover the latest version of GitLab already provides CI / CD integrated. So this blog, simply one step, directly GitLab inside the CI / CD module. Jenkins may need more advanced applications. Tested GitLab comes with features fully meet my needs.
1. Install GitLab and GitLab-CI (gitlab-runner)
English better, you can see the official documents directly. https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/docker/#install-gitlab-using-docker-compose https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/quick_start/README.html
provided below docker- I use compose.yml
1 version: '3' 2 services: 3 gitlab: 4 image: twang2218/gitlab-ce-zh:latest 5 #image: gitlab/gitlab-ce:rc 6 restart: always 7 hostname: '172.16.23.203' 8 environment: 9 GITLAB_OMNIBUS_CONFIG: | 10 external_url 'http://172.16.23.203:8929' 11 gitlab_rails["time_zone"] = "Asia/Shanghai" 12 ports: 13 - 8929:8929 14 - 1080:80 15 - 1443:443 16 - 1022:22 17 volumes: 18 - /root/workspace/docker/gitlab/1/config:/etc/gitlab 19 - /root/workspace/docker/gitlab/1/logs:/var/log/gitlab 20 - /root/workspace/docker/gitlab/1/data:/var/opt/gitlab 21 gitlab-runner: 22 image: gitlab/gitlab-runner:latest 23 restart: always 24 volumes: 25 - /root/workspace/docker/gitlab/2/config:/etc/gitlab-runner 26 - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
Execution docker-compose up -d to run up points should be noted
1. gitlab the image, you can choose Chinese or English version version
2. hostname here to specify the local IP address
3. gitlab environment variable, external_url representation provides access to IP and ports, time zone configuration Shanghai
4. the port mapping, port 80 is the default, since the 8929 I above configuration, and the mapping 8929 to host host
5. volumes persistent configuration data
6. /var/run/docker.sock here to be mapped to the host, because it will use some of the resources of the host, are also installed in the docker docker inside
below are the results, the first run will be relatively long, because to pull the mirror and initialization GitLab
2. Log in using GitLab
first login, password. The default user name is root login
using the template, create a new Spring project 
using the IDE, or other tools, or modify the code directly in the GitLab
3. Configure CI / CD, the machine (gitlab-runner) registered in the GitLab
can configure the CI / CD machine in the project, can also be configured in all personal items can also be configured by the administrator CI / CD machine in all projects. Principles and processes are the same, but it is more fine-grained control than Jenkins.
Enter gitlab-runner of Docker, perform initialization command gitlab-ci-multi-runner register, complete the following command:
1 sudo docker exec -it gitlab-runner gitlab-ci-multi-runner register
需要录入的信息，安装上图进行，填写，后续还可以修改。
如果需要修改，可以修改之前volumes配置的路径下, config/config.toml
1 concurrent = 1 2 check_interval = 0 3 4 [session_server] 5 session_timeout = 1800 6 7 [[runners]] 8 name = "myRunner" 9 url = "http://172.16.23.203:8929/" 10 token = "96beefdaa54832b0c8369ffa3811c9" 11 executor = "docker" 12 [runners.custom_build_dir] 13 [runners.docker] 14 tls_verify = false 15 image = "docker:latest" 16 privileged = true 17 disable_entrypoint_overwrite = false 18 oom_kill_disable = false 19 disable_cache = false 20 volumes = ["/cache", "/root/.m2:/root/.m2", "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock"] 21 shm_size = 0 22 [runners.cache] 23 [runners.cache.s3] 24 [runners.cache.gcs]
上面这个是配置文件，里面有几个注意点
1. privileged 这里要配置 true，因为要在docker里面安装docker
2. /root/.m2 这个是配置maven的仓库使用宿主主机的缓存，这样就不用每次CI都要下载依赖
3. /var/run/docker.sock 这个也要配置，在构建dockerfile的时候会用到
还有一个需要配置的就是，这个Runner需要设置tag，这个是标识Runner的名称。在.gitlab-ci.yml中会用到
4. 配置CI/CD
默认GitLab是启用该功能的，根目录配置新增 .gitlab-ci.yml 文件，然后每次git push，都会触发CI持续集成。当然可以在yml配置，在主线master触发。
来个简单的配置，测试一下
1 image: maven:3-jdk-8 2 cache: 3 paths: 4 - .m2/repository 5 test: 6 stage: test 7 script: 8 - mvn package 9 tags: 10 - tag
上面这个配置，写到.gitlab-ci.yml然后提交到repo，我们提交该文件到gitlab对应项目上去。
1 git add .gitlab-ci.yml 2 git commit -m "Add .gitlab-ci.yml" 3 git push origin master
如果嫌慢，pom.xml 可以换个阿里源
1 <repository> 2 <id>maven-ali</id> 3 <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url> 4 <releases> 5 <enabled>true</enabled> 6 </releases> 7 <snapshots> 8 <enabled>true</enabled> 9 <updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy> 10 <checksumPolicy>fail</checksumPolicy> 11 </snapshots> 12 </repository>
一提交，就会触发自动构建
可以看到整个构建过程，如果出现错误，也是到这个日志里面排查问题。
5. 测试、打包、发布
这一步，我们实现一个简单的测试、打包、发布
5.1 增加 Dockerfile
1 FROM openjdk:8-jdk-alpine 2 VOLUME /tmp 3 COPY target/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar app.jar 4 ENV PORT 5000 5 EXPOSE $PORT 6 ENTRYPOINT ["java","-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom","-Dserver.port=${PORT}","-jar","/app.jar"]
5.2 修改 .gitlab-ci.yml
1 image: maven:3-jdk-8 2 3 variables: 4 DOCKER_TAG: test/demo-spring:0.1 5 6 cache: 7 paths: 8 - .m2/repository 9 10 stages: 11 - test 12 - package 13 - deploy 14 15 test: 16 stage: test 17 tags: 18 - tag 19 script: 20 - mvn test 21 22 package: 23 stage: package 24 tags: 25 - tag 26 script: 27 - mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true 28 artifacts: 29 paths: 30 - target/*.jar 31 32 deploy: 33 image: docker:latest 34 stage: deploy 35 services: 36 - docker:dind 37 tags: 38 - tag 39 script: 40 - docker version 41 - docker build -t $DOCKER_TAG . 42 - docker rm -f test || true 43 - docker run -d --name test -p 5000:5000 $DOCKER_TAG
那个artifacts.paths 配置，提交target目录下的文件到下一个流水线，因为不同流水线，由于是基于Docker，所以每一步都是隔离的。同时，上传的附件还可以在构建成功后，在流水线pipelines界面进行下载。每一步的image都是可以指定的，那个tags也是可以指定的。可以提交到不同的机器进行构建。
上面一共就三步流程，先test（测试），然后package（打包编译），最后deploy（发布测试）。前两个比较好理解，就是maven的基本命令。最后那个deploy就是利用docker里面的docker来进行打包成docker，然后运行起来，作为测试发布。
更新代码.gitlab-ci.yml，然后提交，触发持续集成。
查看构建日志
查看宿主机镜像和运行状态
查看浏览器，已经发布到测试环境了
5.3 钉钉通知
1 image: maven:3-jdk-8 2 3 variables: 4 DOCKER_TAG: test/demo-spring:0.1 5 6 cache: 7 paths: 8 - .m2/repository 9 10 stages: 11 - test 12 - package 13 - deploy 14 - notify 15 16 test: 17 stage: test 18 tags: 19 - tag 20 script: 21 - mvn test 22 23 package: 24 stage: package 25 tags: 26 - tag 27 script: 28 - mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true 29 artifacts: 30 paths: 31 - target/*.jar 32 33 deploy: 34 image: docker:latest 35 stage: deploy 36 services: 37 - docker:dind 38 tags: 39 - tag 40 script: 41 - docker version 42 - docker build -t $DOCKER_TAG . 43 - docker rm -f test || true 44 - docker run -d --name test -p 5000:5000 $DOCKER_TAG 45 46 notify: 47 image: appropriate/curl:latest 48 stage: notify 49 tags: 50 - tag 51 script: "curl 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=d6c15304c1***************************************' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{\"msgtype\": \"text\", \"text\": {\"content\": \"功能已更新部署至测试环境\"}}' "
有了这个通知，就可以做很多事情了，写个脚本，封装成一个Docker 镜像，可以发送钉钉，发送邮件，可以对接到第三方系统等。
更多高级应用，如集成之前了解的Harbor，Rancher。使整个系统更加强大，更加智能化。
参考资料
https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1010595
https://www.cnblogs.com/Sinte-Beuve/p/11582511.html
https://my.oschina.net/u/2303182/blog/3072694/
https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/docker/#install-gitlab-using-docker-compose
https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/quick_start/README.html
本文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/wunaozai/p/11865362.html
本系列目录： https://www.cnblogs.com/wunaozai/p/8067577.html
个人主页：https://www.wunaozai.com/
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