Linux: LNMP built environment

LNMP environment to build

Install the DNS server

Install the DNS Service

yum install bind -y

DNS configuration

Create a forward parsing

以创建一个名为"lsy.com"的正向查找区域为例：
    第一步：在主配置文件/etc/named.conf中创建查找区域。
            vim /etc/named.conf
            listen-on port 53{any;};   允许任何用户使用DNS
            allow-query {any;};     允许任何用户查询
            dnssec-enable no;       DNS的安全是否开启
           zone "zlt.com." IN {
              type master; 有三种类型：hint根 master主要区域  辅助区域
              file "zlt.com.zone";
           };   
第二步：在/var/named目录中生成区域配置文件。
             copy named.localhost zlt.com.zone  
             chown :named zlt.com.zone
             vim lsy.com.zone
             $TTL 1D                            
             IN  SOA  zlt.com. root.gxa.com.(
                 0   ;serial   是一个十位数字的序列号
                 1D  ;refresh  刷新时间 
                 1H  ；retry   重试时间  
                 1W  ；expire  过期时间
                 3H  ；minimum 最小缓存时间
             NS    dns.gxa.com.  @部份填写域名
        dns  A    192.168.0.1    A表示IPV4的地址  AAAA表示IPV6的地址
        www  A    192.168.0.1
        ftp  A    192.168.0.1
      第三步：重启服务
[root@teacher mnt]#systemctl start named.service
[root@teacher mnt]#systemctl enable named.service

      第四步：配置客户端
      第五步：测试DNS服务器
                nslookup

Install mysql database

Install mysql

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# yum install mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-libs mariadb-devel
 
root@nmserver-7 ~]# rpm -qa |grep maria
mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.i686
mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.i686
mariadb-server-5.5.52-1.el7.i686
mariadb-devel-5.5.52-1.el7.i686

Open mysql Services

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# systemctl start  mariadb 
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# systemctl enable  mariadb 

Database security settings

mysql_secure_installation 

Log database testing

mysql -u root -p

Creation and use of databases

Operation of the database

View database

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;

Create a database

创建数据库：（创建的数据库会存放在/var/lib/mysql目录中）
MariaDB [(none)]> create database couman;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Select Database

MariaDB [(none)]> use couman;
Database changed

Delete Database

MariaDB [(none)]> drop database couman;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Backup of the database

[root@teacher mnt]# mysqldump couman --user=root --password=123456>db-01.mysql;

Database recovery

Create an empty inventory data

MariaDB [(none)]> create database couman;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Restore data from a backup file in stock

[root@teacher mnt]# mysql -u root -p couman<db-01.mysql
Enter password: 

Installing PHP environment

Install php

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# yum -y install php

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# rpm -ql php/etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/10-php.conf/usr/lib/httpd/modules/libphp5.so/usr/share/httpd/icons/php.gif/var/lib/php/session

The php and mysql associate

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# yum install php-mysql

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# rpm -ql php-mysql/etc/php.d/mysql.ini/etc/php.d/mysqli.ini/etc/php.d/pdo_mysql.ini/usr/lib/php/modules/mysql.so/usr/lib/php/modules/mysqli.so/usr/lib/php/modules/pdo_mysql.so

Installation of common PHP module

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# yum install -y php-gd php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-snmp php-soap curl curl-devel php-bcmath

Build php-fpm environment

Install php-fpm

yum install php-fpm

Configuration www.conf

安装完成后配置文件在/etc/php-fpm.conf,配置引用了/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf，默认有一个www.conf,修改www.conf,找到用户、用户组设置：
   user = nginx
   group = nginx

/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

Modify the php.ini file

/etc/php.ini
修改php.ini文件：提高安全性能
;cgi.fix_pathinfo=1
cgi.fix_pathinfo=0

Start Service

启动服务：
systemctl start php-fpm.service

Modify nginx.conf

find / -name "nginx.conf.default"

/etc/nginx/nginx.conf.default

修改nginx.conf配置文件：
nginx.conf开头设置nginx的用户


将nginx.conf.default配置文件中以下内容注释修改后复制到nginx.conf配置文件中。
 location ~ \.php$ {
           root           html;
           fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
           fastcgi_index  index.php,phpinfo.php;
           #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
           fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
           include        fastcgi_params;
       }

Nginx web server set up

Install nginx

yum install nginx

Start Service

安装完成后启动服务
systemctl start nginx

Test browser

地址栏输入localhost

不能访问则测试httpd是否开启
开启则关闭

Nginx modify configuration files

vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
在文件最后一个}号前添加：include vhost/*.conf;

New vhost directory

在/etc/nginx目录下新建vhost目录，并在下面新建www.test.conf与www.hr.conf两个
域名配置文件，并作如下编辑。
#vim www.hr.conf
server{
        listen 192.168.75.131:80;
        server_name www.hr.com;
        location / {
                root /data/hr;
                index index.html;
}
 location ~ \.php$ {
           root           html;
           fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
           fastcgi_index  index.php,phpinfo.php;
           #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
           fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
           include        fastcgi_params;
       }
}

New / data directory

将公司网站文件test和hr都放到/data/目录下

domain registration

域名注册，在/etc/hosts中追加一行：
192.168.75.128 www.test.com www.hr.com

Restart Service

配置完成后重启服务：systemctl restart nginx

Turn off the firewall

关闭防火墙：systemctl status firewalld.service
关闭selinux安全机制：setenforce 0

Access to set a good domain name