I. Introduction
Restful url to regulate a coding style, usually a URL corresponds to a resource, similar to the form of access http://xxx.com/xx/{id}/{id}.
For chestnuts, there are many brands to choose when we buy a mobile phone in a shopping site, but there are a lot of models in each brand, then https://mall.com/mobile/iphone/6 represents Iphone6, https: //mall.com/mobile/iphone/7 and https://mall.com/mobile/iphone/8 they represent the Iphone7 and Iphone8.
SpringBoot built SpringMvc, but also provides @RequestParam, @RequestBody and @PathVariable three notes acquired client parameters, two of which are the parameters acquired the client post submitted, and @PathVariable acquisition parameters are accessed from the url .
Closer to home, let the user management system, for example, write a set of Restful style interfaces in SpringBoot it.
Second, the development environment
- IDE：IntelliJ IDEA
- Official website address: https: //www.jetbrains.com/idea/download/
- JDK：1.8
- Database: MySQL
- Build tools: Maven
Third, write your own Restful program
1. Create SpringBoot project, as shown below:
Click Next, select some basic project parameters, as follows:
Click Next, select the components we need, here we choose MySQL, JPA, WEB components as part of our development components. As shown below:
Click Finish to complete the creation of the project, project structure below:
2. The project dependencies Maven pom.xml configuration as follows:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.forMelo</groupId> <artifactId>myrestfulproject</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>myrestfulproject</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <!--<scope>provided</scope>--> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
3. Data source, JPA configuration
SpringBoot default configuration file for application.properties, we will modify it to application.yml format, .yml properties file layered and more readable. application.yml specific configuration is as follows:
spring: datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8 driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver username: root password: 1 jpa: database: MySQL show-sql: true hibernate: ddl-auto: update naming-strategy: org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy
Here we test the mysql create database table created using SQLyog t_user_info, as shown below:
4. Preparation of a controller entity class and UserController.java User.java
UserController.java
package com.formelo.controller; import com.formelo.entity.User; import com.formelo.repository.UserJPARepository; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.List; /** * Created by songqiuming on 2018/1/7. */ @RestController public class UserController { @Autowired private UserJPARepository userJPARepository; /** * 查询用户列表 * @return */ @GetMapping(value = "/user") Public List <the User> findUserList () { return userJPARepository.findAll (); } / ** * query according to a user Id * @param ID * @return * / @GetMapping (value = "/ User / Query / {ID} " ) public the user findUserOne (@PathVariable (" ID " ) Integer ID) { return userJPARepository.findOne (ID); } / ** * Add user * @param name * @param Age * @param Country *@return */ @PostMapping(value = "/user") public User addUser(@RequestParam("name") String name, @RequestParam("age") int age, @RequestParam("country") String country){ User user = new User(); user.setName(name); user.setAge(age); user.setCountry(country); return userJPARepository.save(user); } /** * 删除用户 * @param id 用户编号 * @return */ @DeleteMapping(value = "/user/{id}") public List<User> deleteUser(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ userJPARepository.delete(id); return userJPARepository.findAll(); } /** * 更新用户 * @param id * @param name * @param age * @param country * @return */ @PutMapping(value = "/user/{id}") public User updateUser(@PathVariable("id") Integer id, @RequestParam("name") String name, @RequestParam("age") int age, @RequestParam("country") String country){ User user = userJPARepository.findById(id); user.setName(name); user.setAge(age); user.setCountry(country); return userJPARepository.save(user); } /** * 根据国家查询用户 * @param country * @return */ @GetMapping(value = "/user/{country}") public List<User> findByCountry(@PathVariable("country") String country){ return userJPARepository.findByCountry(country); } }
User.java
package com.formelo.entity; import javax.persistence.*; /** * Created by songqiuming on 2018/1/7. */ @Entity @Table(name = "t_user_info") public class User { private static final long serialVersionUID = -3039703447657705408L; @Id @GeneratedValue @Column(name = "id") private Long id; @Column(name = "name") private String name; @Column(name="age") private int age; @Column(name="country") private String country; public User() { } public Long getId() { return id; } public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public String getCountry() { return country; } public void setCountry(String country) { this.country = country; } @Override public String toString() { return "User{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", age=" + age + ", country='" + country + '\'' + '}'; } }
5. Create JPA
Creating UserJPARepository.java, it inherits JpaRepository interfaces within SpringDataJPA, interact with the database.
UserJPARepository.java
package com.formelo.repository; import com.formelo.entity.User; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; import java.util.List; /** * Created by songqiuming on 2018/1/7. */ public interface UserJPARepository extends JpaRepository<User,Long> { User findById(Long id); List<User> findByCountry(String country); }
6. Start project
Everywhere so far, we have completed a set of encoding restful style interface, run MyrestfulprojectApplication the main method to start the project, the console output:
"C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_102\bin\java" ... . ____ _ __ _ _ /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \ \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ :: Spring Boot :: (v1.5.9.RELEASE) 2018-01-09 21:57:41.533 INFO 6884 --- [ main] com.formelo.MyrestfulprojectApplication : Starting MyrestfulprojectApplication on DESKTOP-6SJA93T with PID 6884 (D:\myproject\myrestfulproject\target\classes started by songqiuming in D:\myproject\myrestfulproject) 2018-01-09 21:57:41.560 INFO 6884 --- [ main] com.formelo.MyrestfulprojectApplication : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default 2018-01-09 21:57:41.763 INFO 6884 --- [ main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@65466a6a: startup date [Tue Jan 09 21:57:41 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy 2018-01-09 21:57:47.897 INFO 6884 --- [ main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http) 2018-01-09 21:57:47.969 INFO 6884 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service [Tomcat] 2018-01-09 21:57:47.972 INFO 6884 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.23 2018-01-09 21:57:48.358 INFO 6884 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext 2018-01-09 21:57:48.359 INFO 6884 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 6609 ms 2018-01-09 21:57:48.663 INFO 6884 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/] 2018-01-09 21:57:48.669 INFO 6884 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*] 2018-01-09 21:57:48.670 INFO 6884 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*] 2018-01-09 21:57:48.670 INFO 6884 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'httpPutFormContentFilter' to: [/*] 2018-01-09 21:57:48.670 INFO 6884 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*] 2018-01-09 21:57:49.598 INFO 6884 --- [ main] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Building JPA container EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default' 2018-01-09 21:57:49.656 INFO 6884 --- [ main] o.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper : HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [ name: default ...] 2018-01-09 21:57:49.817 INFO 6884 --- [ main] org.hibernate.Version : HHH000412: Hibernate Core {5.0.12.Final} 2018-01-09 21:57:49.819 INFO 6884 --- [ main] org.hibernate.cfg.Environment : HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found 2018-01-09 21:57:49.820 INFO 6884 --- [ main] org.hibernate.cfg.Environment : HHH000021: Bytecode provider name : javassist 2018-01-09 21:57:49.976 INFO 6884 --- [ main] o.hibernate.annotations.common.Version : HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {5.0.1.Final} Tue Jan 09 21:57:50 CST 2018 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification. Tue Jan 09 21:57:50 CST 2018 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification. Tue Jan 09 21:57:50 CST 2018 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification. Tue Jan 09 21:57:50 CST 2018 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification. Tue Jan 09 21:57:50 CST 2018 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification. Tue Jan 09 21:57:51 CST 2018 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification. Tue Jan 09 21:57:51 CST 2018 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification. Tue Jan 09 21:57:51 CST 2018 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification. Tue Jan 09 21:57:51 CST 2018 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification. Tue Jan 09 21:57:51 CST 2018 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification. 2018-01-09 21:57:51.225 INFO 6884 --- [ main] org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect 2018-01-09 21:57:52.092 INFO 6884 --- [ main] org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate : HHH000228: Running hbm2ddl schema update 2018-01-09 21:57:52.229 INFO 6884 --- [ main] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Initialized JPA EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default' 2018-01-09 21:57:53.483 INFO 6884 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@65466a6a: startup date [Tue Jan 09 21:57:41 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy 2018-01-09 21:57:53.666 INFO 6884 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/user],methods=[POST]}" onto public com.formelo.entity.User com.formelo.controller.UserController.addUser(java.lang.String,int,java.lang.String) 2018-01-09 21:57:53.667 INFO 6884 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/user/{country}],methods=[GET]}" onto public java.util.List<com.formelo.entity.User> com.formelo.controller.UserController.findByCountry(java.lang.String) 2018-01-09 21:57:53.669 INFO 6884 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/user/{id}],methods=[DELETE]}" onto public java.util.List<com.formelo.entity.User> com.formelo.controller.UserController.deleteUser(java.lang.Long) 2018-01-09 21:57:53.669 INFO 6884 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/user/{id}],methods=[GET]}" onto public com.formelo.entity.User com.formelo.controller.UserController.findUserOne(java.lang.Long) 2018-01-09 21:57:53.670 INFO 6884 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/user/{id}],methods=[PUT]}" onto public com.formelo.entity.User com.formelo.controller.UserController.updateUser(java.lang.Long,java.lang.String,int,java.lang.String) 2018-01-09 21:57:53.670 INFO 6884 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/user],methods=[GET]}" onto public java.util.List<com.formelo.entity.User> com.formelo.controller.UserController.findUserList() 2018-01-09 21:57:53.673 INFO 6884 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest) 2018-01-09 21:57:53.674 INFO 6884 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse) 2018-01-09 21:57:53.761 INFO 6884 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler] 2018-01-09 21:57:53.762 INFO 6884 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler] 2018-01-09 21:57:53.945 INFO 6884 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler] 2018-01-09 21:57:54.419 INFO 6884 --- [ main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup 2018-01-09 21:57:54.520 INFO 6884 --- [ main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) 2018-01-09 21:57:54.525 INFO 6884 --- [ main] com.formelo.MyrestfulprojectApplication : Started MyrestfulprojectApplication in 14.573 seconds (JVM running for 16.939)
7. Interface testing
Let's open the postman test interface. First, several data inserted into the database, the corresponding request is as follows:
- Query User List
According to a user query ID:
Add user:
Update User:
