In this paper some of the major record bash syntax, notes
1. hexadecimal conversion
$ echo $(( 2#11 ))
3
$ echo $(( 16#1E ))
30
Upcoming specified hexadecimal number into decimal, such as the above is a hexadecimal number 1E converted to decimal, so the result is 30.
2. Check the value of the variable number of characters
$ a="Hello world"; echo ${#a}
11
Reference: bash formula