6-2 Trigger

A flip-flop

Triggers can be customized using the table [users add, delete, change] behavior before and after the operation, attention: no query

Creating a trigger

# 插入前
CREATE TRIGGER tri_before_insert_tb1 BEFORE INSERT ON tb1 FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
    ...
END

# 插入后
CREATE TRIGGER tri_after_insert_tb1 AFTER INSERT ON tb1 FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
    ...
END

# 删除前
CREATE TRIGGER tri_before_delete_tb1 BEFORE DELETE ON tb1 FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
    ...
END

# 删除后
CREATE TRIGGER tri_after_delete_tb1 AFTER DELETE ON tb1 FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
    ...
END

# 更新前
CREATE TRIGGER tri_before_update_tb1 BEFORE UPDATE ON tb1 FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
    ...
END

# 更新后
CREATE TRIGGER tri_after_update_tb1 AFTER UPDATE ON tb1 FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
    ...
END
#准备表
CREATE TABLE cmd (
    id INT PRIMARY KEY auto_increment,
    USER CHAR (32),
    priv CHAR (10),
    cmd CHAR (64),
    sub_time datetime, #提交时间
    success enum ('yes', 'no') #0代表执行失败
);

CREATE TABLE errlog (
    id INT PRIMARY KEY auto_increment,
    err_cmd CHAR (64),
    err_time datetime
);

#创建触发器
delimiter //
CREATE TRIGGER tri_after_insert_cmd AFTER INSERT ON cmd FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
    IF NEW.success = 'no' THEN #等值判断只有一个等号
            INSERT INTO errlog(err_cmd, err_time) VALUES(NEW.cmd, NEW.sub_time) ; #必须加分号
      END IF ; #必须加分号
END//
delimiter ;


#往表cmd中插入记录，触发触发器，根据IF的条件决定是否插入错误日志
INSERT INTO cmd (
    USER,
    priv,
    cmd,
    sub_time,
    success
)
VALUES
    ('egon','0755','ls -l /etc',NOW(),'yes'),
    ('egon','0755','cat /etc/passwd',NOW(),'no'),
    ('egon','0755','useradd xxx',NOW(),'no'),
    ('egon','0755','ps aux',NOW(),'yes');


#查询错误日志，发现有两条
mysql> select * from errlog;
+----+-----------------+---------------------+
| id | err_cmd         | err_time            |
+----+-----------------+---------------------+
|  1 | cat /etc/passwd | 2017-09-14 22:18:48 |
|  2 | useradd xxx     | 2017-09-14 22:18:48 |
+----+-----------------+---------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)

插入后触发触发器

Special: NEW represent about to insert rows of data, OLD represents the data rows to be deleted.

Second use Triggers

Triggers can not be called directly by the user, with knowledge due to the table [add / delete / change operation triggered by passive].

Three delete trigger

drop trigger tri_after_insert_cmd;