Business scene commonly used function modules Nginx http Summary
| ngx_ http_ core_ module |
Including - some core http parameter configuration corresponding to the configuration of the HTTP Nginx block portion |
| ngx_ http _access_ module |
Access control module to control user access to the site of Nginx |
| ngx_ http_ gzip_ module |
A compression module for compressing the data returned Nginx belonging performance optimization module |
| ngx_ http_fastcgi_ module |
FastCGI module, dynamic applications and associated modules, such as PHP |
| ngx_ http_ proxy_ module |
proxy proxy module |
| ngx_ http_upstream_ module |
Load balancing module, can achieve health check load balancing and node site |
| ngx_ http_ rewrite_module |
URL rewrite module address |
| ngx_ http_ limit_conn_module |
Limit the number of concurrent users and the number of connection request module |
| ngx_ http_ limit req module |
The defined key request process rate limiting Nginx |
| ngx_ http_ log_ module |
Chi access module 8, record Nginx customers in the specified format to access information such as Chi 8 |
| ngx_ http_ auth_basic_module |
Web authentication module, set up by the Web user account and password to access Nginx |
| ngx_ http_ ssl_ module |
ssI module, for encrypting HTTP connection, such as httpts |
| ngx_ http _stub_ status_ module |
Recording status information Nginx basic access module |
Core configuration file nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
nginx in a server is a virtual host, into the domain name, port, ip three types of web hosting
Actual domain name-based virtual hosting
1, configure name-based nginx.conf
#diff nginx.conf nginx.conf.default # Some important documents it itself has a backup file
#egrep -v "^$|^#|..#" nginx.conf>nginx.conf2/egrep -v "^$|#" nginx.conf>nginx.conf2
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.ram.shop;
location / {
root html/www;
index index.html index.htm;
}
2, create a corresponding domain name and site directory files
[Root @ moban conf] # mkdir ../html/www -p # html directory in the new folder and www server in the root html / www correspond
[root@moban conf]# echo "http://www.ram.shop" >../html/www/index.html
[root@moban conf]# cat ../html/www/index.html
3, check the syntax, and reload nginx file
[root@moban conf]#../sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@moban conf]# ../sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@moban conf]# ps -ef |grep nginx
root 8078 1978 0 05:59 pts/0 00:00:00 grep nginx
[root@moban conf]# echo "192.168.2.60 www.ram.shop" >>/etc/hosts
[root@moban conf]# tail -1 /etc/hosts
192.168.2.60 www.ram.shop
The client hosts file and configuration
C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts 添加192.168.2.60 www.ram.shop
4, configure multiple name-based virtual hosting
Add http area nginx.conf in a server area, it is to add a virtual host, modify the domain name and the corresponding folders, reload service, add the domain name in the hosts file, add dns configured in the client hosts file, over
Add the server area zm
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.ram.com;
location / {
root html/www;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.zm.com;
location / {
root html/zm;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
Detect what file format is correct
Reload nginx service / sbin / nginx -s reload
Adding hosts
Browser Test
Based on the actual configuration of the virtual host ports
Modify the listening port for each virtual host
Modify nginx.conf
server {
listen 81;
server_name www.ram.com;
location / {
root html/www;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
server {
listen 82;
server_name www.zm.com;
Check the file format, restarting services, see the port
[root@moban nginx]# netstat -lntup |grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:81 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1666/nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:82 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1666/nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:83 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1666/nginx
test
Port not only conflict with existing services, you can freely change, in principle, it is greater than 1024 and less than 65535
Configuring real IP address-based virtual hosts
Operation is similar, nginx.conf files are modified, you have to add a few addresses to the hosts in advance, using less
Check the Web site is alive with script
Script content
#! / bin / bash # Check the web site is alive, adding regular tasks, check 3 times per minute #by in the authors Patrick . /etc/init.d/ Functions the Check () { IF (($ A == " 0 " )) ; the then Action " ! This URL: $ B IS Alive " / bin / to true Exit 0 the else Action " ! This URL: $ B IS Not Alive " / bin / to false Exit. 1 Fi } main () { B = $ . 1 wget - O / dev / null -q $ 1 A = `echo $?` check exit 0 } main $1
test
nginx configuration combat common functions
Optimize nginx configuration file: master configuration and each virtual host configuration file separation
The nginx.conf the server module out into a directory, easy management, use include file in the main configuration file; place to declare a file on it
include wording
Configuration
#mkdir extra
#sed -n '11,22p' nginx.conf >extra/www.conf
#sed -n '23,34p' nginx.conf > extra/nginx.conf
#sed -n '35,46p' nginx.conf > extra/bbs.conf
#sed -i '11,46d' nginx.conf
#sbin/nginx -t
#sbin/nginx -s reload
nginx.conf file configuration
http {
include mime.types;
include extra/www.conf;
include extra/nginx.conf;
include extra/bbs.conf;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
}
Or use sed -i '10 i include extra / www.conf; \ ninclude extra / nginx.conf 'nginx.conf
[root@moban extra]# pwd
/application/nginx/conf/extra
[root@moban extra]# ls
bbs.conf nginx.conf www.conf
Alias virtual host configuration
To set up a virtual host one or more domain names other than the main domain name, domain names corresponding to achieve user access to multiple functions with a virtual host site
Status functionality combat
|
Recording status information Nginx basic access module |
nginx version: nginx/1.17.4[root@moban conf]# ../sbin/nginx -V
built by gcc 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-4) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/application/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module <==有这个就对了
[root@moban conf]# cat extra/status.conf
##STATUS
server{
listen 80;
server_name status.ram.com;
location / {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
}
The main configuration file to add include information
include extra/status.conf;
Add hosts to the window resolve status.ram.com
Check the syntax to restart the service
[root@moban conf]# ../sbin/nginx -t
root@moban conf]# ../sbin/nginx -s reload
Test: As the number of connections it will automatically count the number of connections
Active connections: 5 ==> link several activities are treated as five
server accepts handled requests
76 76 63
The first server now showing processing from the start to nginx 76 connections
The second server to start from now represents nginx successfully processed a total of 76 connections are equal indicating that the request is not lost
The third server nginx representation from start to now handled 63 requests
Reading: 0 Writing: 1 Waiting: 4
nginx reads the header information of the number of clients
nginx returned to the client number of header information
The number of connections waiting to be processed
nginx increase in the error log configuration
error_log is the core function module parameters
Configure the primary configuration file, add the location of the error log on it
error_log logs/error.log -->nginx.conf
Access log (access_log) arranged in the http label
| ngx_ http_ log_ module |
Chi access module 8, record Nginx customers in the specified format to access information such as Chi 8 |
The main configuration file to add log_format primary format, you can find out from the default file copy
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 81;
server_name www.ram.com;
location / {
root html/www;
index index.html index.htm;
}
access_log logs/access_www.log main;
View original web logs, access it, in view the log file,
[root@moban logs]# cat access_www.log
192.168.2.2 - - [10/Oct/2019:02:44:18 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36" "-"
[root@moban logs]# curl www.ram.com:81
[root@moban logs]# cat access_www.log
192.168.2.2 - - [10/Oct/2019:02:44:18 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36" "-"
192.168.2.60 - - [10/Oct/2019:02:44:54 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 19 "-" "curl/7.19.7 (i386-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.7 NSS/3.14.0.0 zlib/1.2.3 libidn/1.18 libssh2/1.4.2" "-"
Polling access log cutting
#!/bin/sh
Dateformat= `date +%Y%m%d`
Basedir=" /applicat ion/nginx"
Nginxlogdir=$Basedir/logs"
Logname=”access www ”
[ -d $Nginxlogdir ] && cd $Nginxlogdir llexit 1
[ -f ${Logname} .1og ]|| lexit 1
/bin/mv ${Logname).1og ${Dateformat)_${Logname}.1og
$Basedir/sbin/nginx -S reload