Closure, decorator, higher-order functions

Decorator

Nature # decorator is a function, a function to provide additional functionality (principles: 1 can not modify a function code 2 can not modify a function call, that is a function of how to use the original, decorative finish or how to use)

# = Decorator higher order function + + nested closure function

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Higher-order functions:

1. reception parameter function is a function name

2. The function return value is a function name

Meet any of the above conditions, that is, higher-order functions

Example 1:

def fun1():
    print("fun1")

def test(fun):
    fun()

test(fun1)

Example 2:

def fun1():
    print("fun1")

def test(fun):
    return fun

res = test(fun1)
res()

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Closure

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Decorator 

Example1:

Time Import 

DEF the Timer (Fun): 
    DEF myRun (): 
        TIME1 = time.time () 
        Fun () 
        TIME2 = time.time () 
        Print ( "Run Time:", TIME2 - TIME1) 
    return myRun 

@timer do the equivalent of # = the Timer Test (Test) 
DEF Test (): 
    the time.sleep (2) 
    Print ( 'over RUN') 

Test ()

 Example2:

Time Import 

DEF the Timer (Fun): 
    DEF myRun (* args, ** kwargs): 
        TIME1 = time.time () 
        RES = Fun (* args, ** kwargs) 
        TIME2 = time.time () 
        Print ( "Run Time: ", TIME2 - TIME1) 
        return RES 
    return myRun 

@timer equivalent of doing # = Timer Test (Test) 
DEF Test (name): 
    the time.sleep (2) 
    Print ( 'over RUN') 
    return 'name:' name + 

@ timer # = Timer equivalent of doing test1 (test1) 
DEF test1 (name, Age): 
    the time.sleep (2) 
    Print ( 'over RUN') 
    return 'name:' + name + ", Age:" Age + 

RES = Test ( 'Saber') 
Print (RES) 

RES = test1 ( 'Saber', '22 is')
print(res)