Freud's theory of the id, ego and superego
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1. I tried to explain, ego, superego, ego meaning (structure of personality)
2. With regard to defense mechanism
3. The other school of psychology and Freud have different views
1. Freud's theory of the id, ego and superego represent what, how were they to understand?
Regardless of consciousness, preconscious, unconscious or super-ego, ego, ego, essentially structured personality (personality), the functional description . Simply put, the superego, ego and this is my personality components constitute. "Personality" is a troublesome concept, different schools have different interpretations of personality, but now the view of personality psychology is basically about the same, can be superficially understood as a system with its own individual dealing with the outside world.
We often hear of consciousness , preconscious and subconscious concepts, which are the classic psychoanalytic Freud's term; we often hear in Iraq end , self and superego concept. Yes, they also belong to Freud's theory. These concepts are in fact used to describe the personality, the early use of a first set of concepts Freud divided personality structure, referred Personality two structural model . Later, Freud discovered the limitations of two structural model of personality, he believes personality model is dynamic, rather than static, "anatomical", so he asked the Iraqi personality into the bottom of the ego and superego Personality model three .
In Freud's early two theories of personality , the personality contains preconscious (including consciousness) and the subconscious of the two systems. Consciousness (conscious) is contained are realizing that part of the personality, preconscious (preconscious) includes easy access to realize that part of the personality, and the subconscious (unconscious) is unable to enter the consciousness of that part of the personality. Usually the case can not enter the subconscious mind, then you can "dream" and to hide the form to enter the consciousness. By the following analogy (the analogy I always feel strange) to intuitively understand how the system works personality
Freud made a metaphor, the preconscious and subconscious system compared to two two rooms. Subconscious system is like a large lobby, and preconscious system is like a small room next antechamber, living in consciousness within this room. And on the threshold between the lobby stood a subconscious inspectors official residence in the small living room of consciousness. Without his permission, they can not enter the reception room. Among them, the subconscious of its audit role.
Below is a schematic of the famous "psychological iceberg" iceberg in terms of the content of each part of the personality structure is contained, this figure can help better understand the structural model of personality two
As already mentioned at the beginning, Freud believed two flawed personality structure model for defects, the latter he made three structural model of personality . In this model, he would motivation theory, cognitive theory and social psychological theory synthesis. Iraq end its instinct and aggressive instincts can be seen as a dynamic system, the representative of self-intellectual part of the mind, it can be seen as a cognitive system, and superego is internalized values of children.
This I (the above mentioned id) , also known as the end of Iraq, that "Iraqi bottom", from "The Book of Songs Xiaoya small Min", Mr. Gao Juefu translation (because I often confused ego and self, so I used "Iraq bottom" this translation). Iraq is the bottom part of the personality and to meet immediate needs related, mainly by the subconscious instinct (that is, libido libido) and attacking instincts composition (here add that Freud first introduced the power of theoretical physics Psychology, he believes the role of human activities are all spiritual mental energy.) Iraq end in accordance with the pleasure principle to act, its core is the desire to meet the current individual. It is noteworthy that this is the basis of my personality formation, which can differentiate from me and superego.
Superego (superego) is representative of the social value of the personality part, incorporated social values and values. Social values and values are passed to children by their parents, children under 5 years of age I developed a super, super children, including my "conscience" and "ideal self" in two parts. "Conscience" by punishment, can allow children to do bad things after feeling guilty; "ideal self" through incentives, can make children do better when there is pride. My function is to guide the super-ego, limit the scope of my activities.
Self (ego) is to coordinate the superego needs and at the same time consider the external reality of the personality part. As the children grew older, the children learn how to interact with the surrounding environment and the environment, they gradually separated in the first two years of life out of me from this, self-effort, this meet my needs.
Three-part personality: Iraq end, ego and superego are not encouraged, and there is interaction form a whole, but overall this is often conflict, this conflict will produce anxiety, individuals will have a mechanism to defend against anxiety, question number two is the main problem.
Above is the brief of Freud's theory of personality structure, the two models are not independent of consciousness, preconscious, unconscious and Iraq at the end, Ego relationship as shown below.
2. It is said that this is the cause of human behavior and self-defense mechanisms, what does this mean?
Personality model is essentially Freud is the conflict model . To self-serve three harsh masters (the external world, the superego and Ibn bottom), try to reconcile these three master's requirements and ideas. Iraq's desire to end the endless, such as sexuality, desire to diet and so on, need to limit themselves to social values and norms Super desire that I do not allow such people to prevent rape; yet at the same time self-satisfied as part of the social norms that permit requirements, when you want to eat as hunger. Superego and Iraq end requirements always been at odds, a small portion can be easily resolved, but most often is difficult to reconcile, in a self surrounded on three sides, this defense is conflict, which is too intense, it will developed to treat anxiety (such as sex, rape is certainly not allowed, then masturbation myself, masturbation always okay, if not, then trouble).
Resulting anxiety is also very particular that anxiety is harmful reaction to the sexual impulse should not vent, it is divided into moral anxiety, the real anxiety, neurotic anxiety and fear psychosis common. Freud thought a sense of separation from the birth generated (insecurity) is the basis for all subsequent emergence of anxiety. A more famous but typical of anxiety is "castration episode" (anxiety about possible loss of genitals).
If the anxiety persists, and the individual has exaggerated the negative sentiment on the spiritual subjective, it could lead to acts of overreaction will eventually produce neurosis . So in order to effectively cope with anxiety and prevent it produces neurosis, humans have developed a set of defense mechanisms to deal with anxiety. Typical defense mechanisms include depression , reverse , replacement , fixing , degradation , projection or sublimation and the like. Let me give you two examples of it, a single dog nowhere to vent sexual desire, there are planes that can harm guilty (false), then convince myself planes beneficial body, relax, Shuhuojingu, so he happily playing the aircraft, which is the reverse ; another example is Freud, he said da Vinci had Oedipus complex, he came through the "Mona Lisa" in the "Our Lady" sublimate their love mother plot.
This is the defense mechanism (driving ~)
3. there are other school of psychology and Freud have different views? May I ask how to understand these issues?
This problem is too big, there are many schools of psychology, not the spirit of internal analysis also saw growth. So I had only a psychoanalysis of development Figure it
Ye Yi dry "Modern personality psychology," the second edition of the Shanghai Education Publishing House
Guo Yu "history of Western psychology," the second edition of the People's Medical Publishing House
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