A, Nginx regular and location match
. 1, Nginx location rule matching
^ ~: identifier matches with a character behind
=: precise match
~: case-insensitive matching
~ *: not sensitive match
! -: negated on a case-sensitive match
! ~ *: For case-insensitive match negated
/: General match
2, regular expressions
*: Repeat the preceding character zero or more times
? : Repeat the previous character 0 or 1
+: Repeat the previous character one or more times
: match any character other than a newline.
(A | B): a matching or B
^: to begin ...
$ : ending ...
{n}: n times repeating the previous character
{n,}: repeat the previous n characters or more times
{n, m}: repeat the previous character nm Ci
*? : Repeat the preceding character zero or more times, but as few repeats
+? : Repeat the preceding character one or more times, but less duplication wherever possible
? ? : Repeat the previous character 0 or 1, but less repeated as
{n, m}? : Repeat the previous character nm times, but as little as possible repetition
{n}? : Repeat the previous character n times or more, but less repeat as
3, regular expressions supplement
\ W: not match any letters, numbers, underscores, Chinese characters (special characters)
\ S: character not match any whitespace
\ D: matches any non-numeric characters
\ B: Location not match any beginning or end of a word
[A]: matching a single character
[Az]: matches any lowercase characters az a
[^ A]: matches any character except a
[^ Abc]: matches any character except abc of these letters
4, Nginx location application rules
The first to write a location, pick any one match behind, plus the url address (web path) written in curly braces eventually have to deal with the action
location [=|~|~*|^~|!~|!~*] /url/{...}
Default: no
Using field: server
The location parameters to match the needs of different URL can be used to match a regular expression string
例：location ~* .*\.jsp$ {
proxy_pass http://tomcat_server;
}
（1）
http://www.a.com/
location = / {
Precision matching # /, can not take any of the hostname string
[configuration A ]
}
（2）
location / {
# Because all addresses starting with /, so this rule will match all requests
# But regular and will give priority to the longest string match
[configuration B ]
}
（3）
location / documents/ {
# Matches any address beginning to documents, in line with later matches, but also to continue the search down
# Only the back of the regular expression does not match that will be using this one
[configuration C ]
}
（4）
location ~ / documents/Abc {
# Matches any address beginning to documents, in line with later matches, but also to continue the search down
# Only the back of the regular expression does not match that will be using this one
[configuration CC ]
}
（5）
location ^~ /images/ {
# Match any addresses that begin with images, matching in line with the future, we will continue to search down
[configuration D ]
}
（6）
location ~*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg) {
# Matches all gif, jpg or jpeg ending request
# However, the picture all requests / images / under will be config D process, because ^ ~ can not reach this one regular
[configuration E ]
}
（7）
location /images/ {
# Characters to match / images /, continue down, you will find there is ^ ~
[configuration F ]
}
（8）
location /images/abc {
# Longest string match to / images / abc, continue down, will find that the presence of ^ ~
[configuration G ]
}
5, matching sequential priority:
(Location =)> (location full path)> (location ^ ~ Path)> (location ~, ~ * regular order)> (LOCATION initial path portion)> (/)
6, experiments (need two virtual machines)
Be sure to install the first virtual machine nginx
Installation on a second virtual machine set up to ensure good LAMP
(1) on the second virtual machine: [root @ localhost ~] # rpm -q nfs-utils rpcbind // Access nfs-utils rpcbind both packages are not installed
[root @ localhost ~] # mkdir / wwwroot // create a file
[root @ localhost ~] # / Exports vim / etc // add the following
/wwwroot 192.168.200.112 (ro）
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart rpcbind
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart nfs
(2) [root @ localhost ~] # cd / wwwroot / // add an image in it
rz
(3) in a first virtual machine:
[root @ localhost ~] # cd / usr / local / nginx / HTML / ImagesRF Royalty Free / // look there are pictures on the second virtual machine added
[root @ localhost HTML] # vim index.html // add the following (the picture added to the list)
<img src="images/wyb.jpg" />
(4) on page visits: 192.168.200.112
