In the windows + Idea environment, using Spark sql operation encountered a series of problems hive summary;

A first hadoop cluster windows in a virtual machine environment, you need to configure the windows environment

　　1. According to their computer operating copy of the corresponding system to compile the hadoop jar package to non-Chinese path

　　2. Configure HADOOP_HOME environment variables - then hadoop virtual machine configuration file (4) copies to hadoop environment windows deployment

　　3.idea debugging parameters specified when the virtual machine

　　At this point the Windows environment to build complete hadoop basis. Note: After the completed structures must restart the computer, otherwise the idea can not be loaded windows of hadoop environment configuration.

Second, the use Spark SQL operations hive first error:

Details given as follows:

D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_141\bin\java.exe -DHADOOP_USER_NAME=atguigu "-javaagent:D:\ADevTool\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=52751:D:\ADevTool\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath 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LocalMaven \ mysql \ mysql-connector-java \ 5.1.44 \ mysql-connector-java-5.1.44.jar; D: \ localMaven \ org \ slf4j \ jcl-over-slf4j \ 1.7.22 \ jcl-over- slf4j-1.7.22.jar; D: \ localMaven \ org \ slf4j \ slf4j-api \ 1.7.22 \ slf4j-api-1.7.22.jar; D: \ localMaven \ org \ slf4j \ slf4j-log4j12 \ 1.7. 22 \ slf4j-log4j12-1.7.22.jar; D: \ localMaven \ log4j \ log4j \ 1.2.17 \ log4j-1.2.17.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-actors- 2.11.0.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-actors-migration_2.11-1.1.0.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-library. jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-parser-combinators_2.11-1.0.4.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-reflect.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-swing_2.11-1.0.2.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-xml_2.11-1.0.4.jar com.atguigu .gmall1205.exportsale.app.ExportSaleApp\ LocalMaven \ org \ slf4j \ jcl-over-slf4j \ 1.7.22 \ jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.22.jar; D: \ localMaven \ org \ slf4j \ slf4j-api \ 1.7.22 \ slf4j-api- 1.7.22.jar; D: \ localMaven \ org \ slf4j \ slf4j-log4j12 \ 1.7.22 \ slf4j-log4j12-1.7.22.jar; D: \ localMaven \ log4j \ log4j \ 1.2.17 \ log4j-1.2. 17.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-actors-2.11.0.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-actors-migration_2.11-1.1. 0.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-library.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-parser-combinators_2.11-1.0.4.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-reflect.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-swing_2.11-1.0.2.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala -2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-xml_2.11-1.0.4.jar com.atguigu.gmall1205.exportsale.app.ExportSaleApp\ LocalMaven \ org \ slf4j \ jcl-over-slf4j \ 1.7.22 \ jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.22.jar; D: \ localMaven \ org \ slf4j \ slf4j-api \ 1.7.22 \ slf4j-api- 1.7.22.jar; D: \ localMaven \ org \ slf4j \ slf4j-log4j12 \ 1.7.22 \ slf4j-log4j12-1.7.22.jar; D: \ localMaven \ log4j \ log4j \ 1.2.17 \ log4j-1.2. 17.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-actors-2.11.0.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-actors-migration_2.11-1.1. 0.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-library.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-parser-combinators_2.11-1.0.4.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-reflect.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-swing_2.11-1.0.2.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala -2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-xml_2.11-1.0.4.jar com.atguigu.gmall1205.exportsale.app.ExportSaleApp22 \ slf4j-log4j12-1.7.22.jar; D: \ localMaven \ log4j \ log4j \ 1.2.17 \ log4j-1.2.17.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-actors- 2.11.0.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-actors-migration_2.11-1.1.0.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-library. jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-parser-combinators_2.11-1.0.4.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-reflect.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-swing_2.11-1.0.2.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-xml_2.11-1.0.4.jar com.atguigu .gmall1205.exportsale.app.ExportSaleApp22 \ slf4j-log4j12-1.7.22.jar; D: \ localMaven \ log4j \ log4j \ 1.2.17 \ log4j-1.2.17.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-actors- 2.11.0.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-actors-migration_2.11-1.1.0.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-library. jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-parser-combinators_2.11-1.0.4.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-reflect.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-swing_2.11-1.0.2.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-xml_2.11-1.0.4.jar com.atguigu .gmall1205.exportsale.app.ExportSaleAppjar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-swing_2.11-1.0.2.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-xml_2.11-1.0.4. jar com.atguigu.gmall1205.exportsale.app.ExportSaleAppjar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-swing_2.11-1.0.2.jar; D: \ ADevTool \ scala-2.11.8 \ lib \ scala-xml_2.11-1.0.4. jar com.atguigu.gmall1205.exportsale.app.ExportSaleApp
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error while instantiating 'org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveSessionState':
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$.org$apache$spark$sql$SparkSession$$reflect(SparkSession.scala:981)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession.sessionState$lzycompute(SparkSession.scala:110)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession.sessionState(SparkSession.scala:109)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$Builder$$anonfun$getOrCreate$5.apply(SparkSession.scala:878)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$Builder$$anonfun$getOrCreate$5.apply(SparkSession.scala:878)
at scala.collection.mutable.HashMap$$anonfun$foreach$1.apply(HashMap.scala:99)
at scala.collection.mutable.HashMap$$anonfun$foreach$1.apply(HashMap.scala:99)
at scala.collection.mutable.HashTable$class.foreachEntry(HashTable.scala:230)
at scala.collection.mutable.HashMap.foreachEntry(HashMap.scala:40)
at scala.collection.mutable.HashMap.foreach(HashMap.scala:99)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$Builder.getOrCreate(SparkSession.scala:878)
at com.atguigu.gmall1205.exportsale.app.ExportSaleApp$.main(ExportSaleApp.scala:23)
at com.atguigu.gmall1205.exportsale.app.ExportSaleApp.main(ExportSaleApp.scala)
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$.org$apache$spark$sql$SparkSession$$reflect(SparkSession.scala:978)
... 12 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error while instantiating 'org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveExternalCatalog':
at org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SharedState$.org$apache$spark$sql$internal$SharedState$$reflect(SharedState.scala:169)
at org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SharedState.<init>(SharedState.scala:86)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$$anonfun$sharedState$1.apply(SparkSession.scala:101)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$$anonfun$sharedState$1.apply(SparkSession.scala:101)
at scala.Option.getOrElse(Option.scala:121)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession.sharedState$lzycompute(SparkSession.scala:101)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession.sharedState(SparkSession.scala:100)
at org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SessionState.<init>(SessionState.scala:157)
at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveSessionState.<init>(HiveSessionState.scala:32)
... 17 more
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SharedState$.org$apache$spark$sql$internal$SharedState$$reflect(SharedState.scala:166)
... 25 more
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.client.IsolatedClientLoader.createClient(IsolatedClientLoader.scala:264)
at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveUtils$.newClientForMetadata(HiveUtils.scala:358)
at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveUtils$.newClientForMetadata(HiveUtils.scala:262)
at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveExternalCatalog.<init>(HiveExternalCatalog.scala:66)
... 30 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.NullPointerException
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:522)
at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.client.HiveClientImpl.<init>(HiveClientImpl.scala:188)
... 38 more
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:1012)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.runCommand(Shell.java:404)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.run(Shell.java:379)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell$ShellCommandExecutor.execute(Shell.java:589)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.execCommand(Shell.java:678)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.execCommand(Shell.java:661)
at org.apache.hadoop.fs.RawLocalFileSystem.setPermission(RawLocalFileSystem.java:639)
at org.apache.hadoop.fs.RawLocalFileSystem.mkdirs(RawLocalFileSystem.java:435)
at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FilterFileSystem.mkdirs(FilterFileSystem.java:277)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Utilities.createDirsWithPermission(Utilities.java:3679)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.createRootHDFSDir(SessionState.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.createSessionDirs(SessionState.java:554)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:508)
... 39 more

This error crater: the cause is to configure the local environment hadoop windows update some of the parameters, restart the computer did not restart after the problem is solved.

Three: After solve the above problem there is a error: error still point to a location, but not the same error message, the error message and rights related to
error:

Specific error:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error while instantiating 'org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveSessionState':
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$.org$apache$spark$sql$SparkSession$$reflect(SparkSession.scala:981)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession.sessionState$lzycompute(SparkSession.scala:110)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession.sessionState(SparkSession.scala:109)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$Builder$$anonfun$getOrCreate$5.apply(SparkSession.scala:878)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$Builder$$anonfun$getOrCreate$5.apply(SparkSession.scala:878)
at scala.collection.mutable.HashMap$$anonfun$foreach$1.apply(HashMap.scala:99)
at scala.collection.mutable.HashMap$$anonfun$foreach$1.apply(HashMap.scala:99)
at scala.collection.mutable.HashTable$class.foreachEntry(HashTable.scala:230)
at scala.collection.mutable.HashMap.foreachEntry(HashMap.scala:40)
at scala.collection.mutable.HashMap.foreach(HashMap.scala:99)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$Builder.getOrCreate(SparkSession.scala:878)
at com.atguigu.gmall1205.exportsale.app.ExportSaleApp$.main(ExportSaleApp.scala:24)
at com.atguigu.gmall1205.exportsale.app.ExportSaleApp.main(ExportSaleApp.scala)
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$.org$apache$spark$sql$SparkSession$$reflect(SparkSession.scala:978)
... 12 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error while instantiating 'org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveExternalCatalog':
at org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SharedState$.org$apache$spark$sql$internal$SharedState$$reflect(SharedState.scala:169)
at org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SharedState.<init>(SharedState.scala:86)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$$anonfun$sharedState$1.apply(SparkSession.scala:101)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$$anonfun$sharedState$1.apply(SparkSession.scala:101)
at scala.Option.getOrElse(Option.scala:121)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession.sharedState$lzycompute(SparkSession.scala:101)
at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession.sharedState(SparkSession.scala:100)
at org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SessionState.<init>(SessionState.scala:157)
at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveSessionState.<init>(HiveSessionState.scala:32)
... 17 more
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SharedState$.org$apache$spark$sql$internal$SharedState$$reflect(SharedState.scala:166)
... 25 more
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.client.IsolatedClientLoader.createClient(IsolatedClientLoader.scala:264)
at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveUtils$.newClientForMetadata(HiveUtils.scala:358)
at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveUtils$.newClientForMetadata(HiveUtils.scala:262)
at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveExternalCatalog.<init>(HiveExternalCatalog.scala:66)
... 30 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: The root scratch dir: /tmp/hive on HDFS should be writable. Current permissions are: ---------
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:522)
at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.client.HiveClientImpl.<init>(HiveClientImpl.scala:188)
... 38 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: The root scratch dir: /tmp/hive on HDFS should be writable. Current permissions are: ---------
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.createRootHDFSDir(SessionState.java:612)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.createSessionDirs(SessionState.java:554)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:508)
... 39 more

解决办法：

很多帖子说是目录访问权限问题，需要给目录授权，然而授权后还是报错。hadoop fs -chmod 777 /tmp/hive

经过多次尝试，在idea环境中的hive-site.xml文件中添加一下配置后问题解决了

<property>
    <name>hive.exec.scratchdir</name>
    <value>hdfs://hadoop102:9000/tmp/hive</value>
</property>

因为直接通过命令行默认hive-site.xml中的/tmp/hive就是在HDFS上的路径，但是在IDEA中则默认为系统的文件系统路径，所以会存在找不到文件或者目录的情况，需要指定 hdfs://hadoop102:9000/tmp/hive

In the windows + Idea environment, using Spark sql operation encountered a series of problems hive summary;

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