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First, the history of C language
Welcome to the C language in the world! C language is a powerful specialized programming language, popular amateur and professional programmers. Before learning to understand and let us know it! A prototype of the C language is the language (ALGOL 60 languages).
In 1963, the University of Cambridge will become ALGOL 60 language CPL (Combined Programming Language) language.
In 1967, the University of Cambridge Matin Richards on the CPL language has been simplified, so have the BCPL language.
In 1969, Ken Thompson of Bell Laboratories BCPL will be modified, to extract its essence, and it played an interesting name "B language." And he wrote the first B language UNIX operating system.
In 1973, the US Bell Labs DMRITCHIE B on the basis of language on the final design of a new language, he took the second letter as the name of the language BCPL, which is the C language.
In order to promote the UNIX operating system, published in 1977, Dennis M.Ritchie does not depend on the specific machine system C language compiler text "portable C language compiler." The famous ANSI C.
1978 by AT & T (American Telephone and Telegraph Company) Bell Labs released the C language. Meanwhile Brian W.Kernighian and Dennis M.Ritchie published a famous book "The C Programming Language" book. Commonly referred to as "K & R", it was also known as "K & R" standard. However, the "K & R" does not define a complete standard C language, and later developed by the American National Standards Institute (American National Standards Institute, ANSI) on the basis of a standard C language, published in 1983. Often referred to as ANSI C. So that the C language has become the world's most widely popular high-level programming language.
Two, C language now
Why use C language?
Over the past four decades, C language has become the most popular in the world, the most important of a programming language.
C is a blend of control characteristics of modern languages, and we have found that in computer science theory and practice, is a very important control features. Designed so that the user can naturally use a top-down programming, structured programming, and modular design. This approach makes the program to write a more reliable and easy to understand.
Efficiency
C is an efficient language. It is designed to make full use of the advantage on the current computer capabilities. C programs are often very compact and fast operation. In fact, C can exhibit fine control usually only assembly language that has the (assembly language mnemonic instructions of a particular set of internal CPU design used. Different types using different CPU assembly language). If you prefer, you can fine-tune the program for maximum speed or maximum memory usage.
Portability
C is a portable language. This means that a system written in C programs With minimal modification or without modification to run on other systems. If modifications are necessary, it is usually only change a few things you can accompany the main program of a header file. Most language originally wanted to have portability, but no one had to convert IBM PC BASIC program for the Apple BASIC program (or their close relatives), or try to run an IBM mainframe FORTRAN program knows that on UNIX systems, transplant at least in trouble. C is a leader in terms of portability. C compiler (C converts the instruction code inside the computer program) on a variety of systems available about 40, from 8-bit microprocessor using a computer to Cray supercomputers. But you know, part of the program to access a specific hardware device (such as a monitor) or operating system (such as Windows XP or OS X) special features specially written, usually can not be transplanted.
Because of the close contact C and UNIX, UNIX systems usually come with a C compiler as part of the package. Linux, also includes a C compiler. Personal computers, including running different versions of Windows and Macintosh PC, you have several C compilers. So whether you are using a home computer, workstation or mainframe professional, very easy to get a C compiler for your particular system.
The powerful features and flexibility of
C powerful and flexible (two words often used in the computer world). For example, powerful and flexible UNIX operating system is mostly written in C. Other languages (such as FORTRAN, Perl, Python, Pascal, LISP, Logo and BASIC) Many compilers and interpreters are also written in C. As a result, when you use FORTRAN on a UNIX machine, it is ultimately the responsibility of a C program to generate the final executable program. C program has been used to solve problems in physics and engineering, and even used as "Gladiator" movie special effects such manufacture.
Oriented programmers
C need for programmers. It allows you to access the hardware, and can manipulate the specific location in memory. It has a rich operator to choose from, so you can succinctly express their intentions. Limiting terms of what you can do, C Pascal such language is better strict. This flexibility is an advantage, but also a danger. Advantages: many tasks (such as data format conversion) in C are much simpler. The danger is that: When using C, you might make the mistake of using some other language can not be committed. C gives you more freedom, but it also allows you to take greater risks.
In addition, most C implementations have a large library, which contains useful C function. These functions can handle the needs of many programmers often face.
Third, the future of the C language
The early 1980s, minicomputer world in C UNIX system is already dominant language, and since then, it has expanded to a personal computer (microcomputer) and mainframe (monster), many software developers are the preferred C language to develop its sub-processing, spreadsheet software, compilers and other products. These companies know, C yielding a compact and efficient procedure. More importantly, they know that these programs easy to modify and easy to adapt to the new computer model.
For companies and people who are familiar with C language useful things equally beneficial to other users. More and more computer users have turned to the use of C with its advantages. Not necessarily have to be a computer professional to use C
regardless of Java or C ++, and other popular newer language, C in the software industry is still an important skill, the skill most want to get in, it is usually listed first 10. C language has also been ranked the top three mainstream programming languages! Especially in programming embedded systems, C has been dominant. That is, in other modern equipment for the automotive, camera, DVD and other in the increasing popularity of microprocessor programming. Also, C has begun to enter the field of science has long been part of the FORTRAN programming of.
Finally, because it is an operating system suitable for the development of language, C in windows and Linux development also plays an important role. Therefore, in the coming decades, C language will continue strong!
Whatever the future, C is not just humans and computers to communicate a programming language, more representative of an idea, a philosophy!