Asp.Net Core Easy Series -3 project directory and file action description

table of Contents

• Foreword
• Epilogue

 

Foreword

    The previous chapter provides Asp.Net Core of past lives, and created a console project to compile and run successfully, this chapter describes .NETCore variety of commonly used commands, Asp.Net Core MVC project file directory information, by learning and operation commands, the understanding of the structure of the project, a further understanding of the operating mechanism and the framework of the project Asp.Net Core.

Create a command of project

    First, to understand what the various commands that can be used to create a project, .NETCore dotnet commands are to begin with, it is well understood, enter dotnet xxx, is the execution environment variable to point to the C: \ Program Files \ dotnet \ dotnet.exe program, then provide parameters to dotnet.exe run. Recommended for beginners to perform the following commands one by one again, enhance memory and understanding, can not remember if it does not matter, you can enter commands in the console

1. Help commands

dotnet --help 
// 或者
dotnet optional --help
//  如
dotnet new --help // 了解创建项目的帮助文档

2. dotnet new project to create various types of

template	Short Name	Language
Console Application	console	[C#]、F#、VB
Class Library	classlib	[C#]、F#、VB
Unit Test Project	mstest	[C#]、F#、VB
xUnit Test Project	xunit	[C#]、F#、VB
Razor found Page	page	[C#]
MVC ViewImports	viewimports	[C#]
MVC ViewStart	viewstart	[C#]
ASP.NET Core empty	web	[C#]，F#
ASP.NET Core Web Application (Model - View - Controller)	mvc	[C#]，F#
ASP.NET Core Web Application	razor	[C#]
With the ASP.NET Core Angular	angular	[C#]
With the ASP.NET Core React.js	react	[C#]
React.js and Redux with the ASP.NET Core	reactredux	[C#]
ASP.NET Core Web API	WebAPI	[C#]，F#
Razor library	razorclasslib	[C#]
global.json file	globaljson
NuGet Configuration	nugetconfig
Web Configuration	webconfig
The solution file	sln

• More commands, see

https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/core/tools/dotnet-new?tabs=netcore21

The most commonly used commands are four, these commands need to be performed in the project root directory

1. Create a asp.net core mvc project, specify the project name as MyMvc

dotnet new mvc  -o MyMvc

2. Restore project references package

dotnet restore

3. Compile the project

dotnet build

4. Run the project

dotnet run

Asp.Net Core project structure Introduction

1. First create a Asp.Net Core MVC project using the above command

dotnet new mvc -o MyMvc

2. Create a success, get a new Asp.Net Core MVC project

Open the project folder into the project, to see a standard Asp.Net Core MVC project is structured as follows

Role description of each file and directory

1. The three-tier architecture directory

/Models
/ViewS
/Controllers

This is a Asp.Net MVC and MVC project the same three-tier architecture, including the models (Models), view (Views), controller (Controllers), is simply Models can be defined within view (Views) passed through html controllers entity object within the controller

2. obj directory

This directory is used to store configuration file staging items, including references to the project configuration instructions

3. Properties directory

This directory is used to store assembly information, running configuration files, documents and other internal resources, the directory at the beginning of creation, will create a default launchSettings.json, the file contains the information of some programs start

{
  "iisSettings": {
    "windowsAuthentication": false, 
    "anonymousAuthentication": true, "iisExpress": { "applicationUrl": "http://localhost:23090", "sslPort": 44351 } }, "profiles": { "IIS Express": { "commandName": "IISExpress", "launchBrowser": true, "environmentVariables": { "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development" } }, "MyMvc": { "commandName": "Project", "launchBrowser": true, "applicationUrl": "https://localhost:5001;http://localhost:5000", "environmentVariables": { "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development" } } } }

4. do not need to understand too much, enter the command to start the MVC project directly in the project root directory

dotnet run

You will get the following window output

A focus on information console output

Now listening on: https://localhost:5001
Now listening on: http://localhost:5000

This information represents Asp.Net Core MVC project has been successfully run under the 5001/5000 port, open the connection address in the browser

https://localhost:5001

Figure launchSettings.json again look at the information in, find the information below, you will understand the role of this document is to run port configuration item information such as

"applicationUrl": "https://localhost:5001;http://localhost:5000",

5. wwwwroot

This directory contains html page static resource reference view layer (Views), such as images, style sheets, scripts (js), etc.

6. appsettings.json 和 appsettings.Development.json

项目主配置文件，两个文件格式完全相同，实际上 appsettings.Development.json 表示 开发时运行程序的配置文件，使用 appsettings.{env}.json，可以很方便进行运行环境的切换，以加载不同的配置文件

7. MyMvc.csproj 项目描述文件，用记事本打开它，看看

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">

  <PropertyGroup> <TargetFramework>netcoreapp2.1</TargetFramework> </PropertyGroup> <ItemGroup> <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.App" /> <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Design" Version="2.1.2" PrivateAssets="All" /> </ItemGroup> </Project> 

第一行表示项目是一个 web 应用程序，当前使用的 SDK 版本为 netcoreapp2.1，配置节点 ItemGroup 包含了项目引用的 Nuget 包，如有新的包引用，可以加入该 ItemGroup 配置节

8.Program.cs 文件，程序运行主入口，Main 方法所在

9.Startup.cs

• 该文件是默认文件，不可随意删除，在此文件中可以以包含服务配置、定义请求处理管道的重要操作。

结语

     总的来说，这是一篇小白入门答疑，简单的介绍了一个标准的 Asp.Net Core MVC 项目都包含了哪些文件和目录，以及各自的作用，希望对未入门的同学有点帮助