Java Persistence API (JPA) is a specification of Java. It is used to save data between Java objects and relational databases. JPA act as a bridge between object-oriented domain model and relational database systems.
Since only a JPA specification itself does nothing. It requires a realization. So, like Hibernate , TopLink and iBatis ORM tools such as data persistence to achieve the JPA specification.
JPA version
As part of the EJB 3.0 specification, Java Persistence API JPA 1.0 is the first version released in 2006.
The following are other development version released under the JPA specification: -
- 2.0 JPA - this version was released in the second half of 2009. The following are the key features of this version: -
- It supports authentication.
- It extends the functionality of object-relational mapping.
- It shared object cache support.
- 2.1 JPA - JPA 2.1 released in 2013, has the following characteristics: -
- It allows the extraction of the object.
- It is a condition update / delete support.
- It generates mode.
- 2.2 JPA - JPA 2.2 as a maintenance release and development in 2017. Some of its key features are: -
- It supports date and time of Java 8.
- It provides @Repeatable comments, when you want the same comments apply to the type of usage statement or you can use it.
- It allows the use of JPA annotations in the annotation element.
- It provides the ability to stream query results.