Test sites: the name of the number △△△
( A), the number of countable nouns:
1 . Rules change countable nouns
1). Usually after directly noun + s
tree – trees girl – girls
2) The word special ending to s, ending sh, ch, x + es
inch – inches dish – dishes box – boxes
3). Consonant + y y y ending becomes i + es
baby – babies country - countries
Direct vowel + y + s
toy - toys boy – boys
2. irregular changes countable nouns
1). O at the end of the word, most of the suffix + s
Chang examination 6 + es: Negro Negro hero hero tomato tomatoes
potato potato volcano volcano echo echo
2) to F, ending fe, it is necessary to F, fe becomes v + es
Memory: thief thief loaf of bread sticks wife wife
leaf leaves knife knife rack shelf
wolf wolf life half life half
Middle vowel change
The first category of people: man - men woman - women
The second category parts: foot - feet tooth - teeth
The third category of animals: goose - gesse
Overall change - with the singular and plural form
sheep - sheep sheep deer - deer deer
Nouns paired with plural
trousers pants glasses glasses scissor scissors
Special form
child – children ox – oxen criterion – criteria
mouse – mice phenomenon – phenomena advice (不可数)
( B) the number of uncountable nouns
1. plural of abstract nouns represent other significance
time time - times era work work - works factory work
spirit spirit - spirics mood, spirits
2. Specific "quantitative" issue uncountable nouns
a piece of advice piece of advice
a bottle of water bottle of water
some pieces of advice a lot of recommendations
three bottles of water Sanbemizu
prompt:
- Singular countable nouns never be alone
For example: There apples on the table
There is an apple on the desk.
There are apples on the desk.
There is apple on the desk. ×
solution:
① becomes singular plural
② before a singular noun plus articles a / an / the
2. Containing hyphen
num (numeral) -n-adj structure is always singular nouns
three-meter-long = three meters long three meters long
Test sites: the name of the possessive △△△
What is possessive? - Chinese "and"
's genitive is mainly used for living things
of genitive is mainly used for inanimate things
eg: the teacher's book teacher book
passers-by's words passers words
the workshops of the plant factory floors
Note: 'S special circumstances for life is a thing of the grid
- 宇宙 the sun’s rays
- National Urban Shanghai's population
- Shop, someone's home
at the tailor's tailor shop in
at the barber's barber shop
- Grocery shopping process reflects three elements
Distance, time, price
a mile's distance from a mile
today's newspaper today's newspaper
three year's time three years
of possessive used in a living body
the + adj represents a class of people when we can use
eg: the need of the poor poor people's needs
Double genitive of the possessive phrase +
eg: a friend of Jone's a friend of Joan
= one of Jone’s friends
Test sites: pronouns △△△
- 1. Personal Pronouns
1) .it refers to things or people (often on behalf of that time, weather, distance, etc.)
I like it in the autumn when the weather is clean and bright.
2) .it act as a form of subject
It is our belief that the improvement inhealth care will lead to stronger, more prosperous economy.
3) .it act as a form of object
As the busiest woman in Norton,she made it her duty to look after other people’s affairs in that town.
4) .it used to emphasize sentence It is / was ... that
It is what you do rather than what you say matters.
- 2. demonstrative pronoun
1). Generally that / those to something of the above-mentioned substituting
this / these hereinafter referred to something of generations
eg: He was nearly drowned once.
When was that?
2) To avoid repetition in front of the name, or those that can be used in place of or behind and those that must be post-modifier.
eg: The population in Shanghai is larger than that in Guangzhou.
- 3. Pronouns
One can only refer to a countable noun, refers to one of the plural form is ones.
eg: May I help you with some shoes sir?
Yes,I’d like to try on those blank ones.
- 4. indefinite pronouns
no， no one, nothing, none
no no no one refers only to the people, can not take of
nothing referring to things none referring to referring to things and people, can take back of
eg：They were all very tired,but none of them would stop to take a rest.
both, either, neither common structure:
Both are both both ... and ... (the verb plural)
Either any one of the two either ... or ... (nearest verb)
Both neither is not neither ... or ... (the verb nearby)
eg: Both you and I were wrong.
Neither of then knew what to do.
There is coffee or tea you can have either.
- 5. few， a few, little, a little
Plural countable uncountable
few rarely, if ever litte rarely, if ever
a few a few, some of a litte there are several, some of
Test sites: Discrimination and verb phrases △△△△△
award reward
1.award awarded prizes
award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb.
2.reward return / reward re - again, back
in reward for ... "in return for ..."
reward sb for ... "due to repay ... and someone"
out phrases
pick out pick
leave out omitted, deleting
take out take out, take out; Stubbs (teeth), to ... bring out the invitation (someone) out
figure out was estimated; clear understanding
find out find out find out
Note look out, look out
speak out boldly say; loudly say
run out complete depletion, the end of the
sell out sold out
break phrase
1.break down the fault, anchored
His car broke down on the highway.
Peace talks have broken down in the Middle Ease.
2.break up the dissolution, the end, break up
The police broke up the crowd.
Their marriage is breaking up.
3.break in break-ins, interrupted
Last night a thief broke in and stole away his camera.
4.break through appearance, breaking overcome
It was a cloudy day, but the sun at last broke through.
Break through difficulties.
1.attribute to put the blame for ... ... thanks to (reason)
He attributed his good health to exertise.
2.contribute to (praise) to promote, help (derogatory) cause, cause (result)
put up with endure, tolerate
come up with offer proposed
keep up with to keep up with, ... do not fall behind; keep in touch, and to and from ...
She still kept up with her classmates after graduation.
keep in touch with
go on doing sth = go on with sth continue to do something
put off delayed
put out Fight
put up lift, lift, post, live
put away away, put away
put aside aside, aside, storage
put across clear expression to convey
turn down turn down, down, refuse
turn up raise
turn on electrical appliances Open
turn off electrical appliances switched off
The result is ... turn out proved
turn over turn over, turn
turned over to turn in, return
hand out distribute, distribution
hand it to submit, presented
hand down to ... pass on from generation to generation
hand over hand over, transfer
set aside aside, set aside, the accumulated leave
set up to establish turnover
set in (a bad thing) produced, beginning soon, popular
to be set in the background ...
Test sites: pure adjective word order problem (of)
US small round old yellow, wooden French study
The quality of the new and old age, beauty and ugliness height and size of the color material use nationality
Test sites: the problem purely adverb word order (to)
Way> Location> Time
The student did well (way) here (location) yesterday (time).
She sang beantifully (way) in the hall (place) last night (time).
Test sites: a mixed question of word order △△△
- 1. (ADV> ADJ before adj adv general)
very good deeply moved
But enough special
The boy is old enough to look after himself.
When Enough said, "enough", modifying adj / adv. Only Post
- 2. adj> n-( generally before adj n)
However, post-modifier special
The first: the beginning of a adj
alone asleep alike alive
The happiest man alive.
The second: a composite consisting of some- any- every- no- etc. and body, one, thing such as indefinite pronouns.
Something hot to drink.
Third: adjectives length, width, and advanced age
89 years old. 200 meters long.
Test sites: the former stage comparator △△△
1. Structure:. As + adj./adv + as primary level and ... the same ...
Song is as hadsome as G.
Structure: ... not as ... as ...
…not so…as…
Song is not as hadsome as G.
When as ... as ... There nouns
"... as + adj. + A + singular noun + as ..."
"... as + many / much + plural noun / uncountable noun + as ..."
S is as handsome an actor as G.
S has as may fans as G.
Test sites: adjective, adverb comparative △△△
Rule changes + er; rule changes + est;
Irregular: far - farther - farthest away
- further – furthest 抽象
old - older - oldest table of age
- elder - eldest table seniority relations
Test sites: multi-syllable adjectives, adverbs comparative △△△
Comparative more + beautiful
The most advanced the most + beautiful
Often test word: boring boring slowly slowly
Horrible horrible excited excitement
Delicious Delicious interesting interesting
Important Important of dangerous dangerous
Famous famous beautiful beautiful
Test sites: preposition △△△
- 1. The common prepositions: in on at about of off to towards etc.
- 2. After the English preposition verb + ing
I put off doing my homework.
Test sites: conjunctions △△△
- 1. simple sentence
He often reads English in the morning.
Tom and Mike are American boys.
- 2. The compound sentence
A coordinate conjunctions (and, but, or the like) or a semicolon (;) of the two or more simple sentences together constitute
You help him and he helps you.
- 3. complex sentences
The boy is my brother.
The boy (who is wearing a hat) is my brother.
= + Complex sentence clause conjunctions
Test sites: articles a / an / the usage
- 1. First with reference to "a or an", again later with reference to "the"
I bought a book yesterday and the book is ten yuan.
- 2. unspecified by a / an, especially with the.
Do you know the older of the two boys?
Test sites: Numerals
- 1. before the ordinal numbers plus
the first
- 2. The exact numbers do not add s inaccurate numbers plus s
one hundred two hundred 200 hundreds of hundreds of
- 3. The fraction expressor based master sequence, the molecule is greater than 1, the denominator add s
1/3 one third 2/3 two thirds
4 . Dozens of years of history and dozens of someone age
in 1930s 20 1930s in one's forties 40-year-old
"Mun (numeral) - n - adj" nouns in the singular structure forever