chapter02 - 03

 

chapter02 - 03 jobs

 

1, respectively, with the cat \ tac \ nl three command to view the contents of the file / etc / ssh / sshd_config file, and use your own words the difference between the total of these three documents operation command?

The cat command can display the contents of multiple files

tac backwards to display file contents

nl command file plus line number of blank lines without line numbers

2, respectively, view the contents of / etc / ssh / sshd_config inside with more and less, please use the same summary and differences between more and less two commands?

The more command is a full-screen display file contents page

 

less command features and more can press / to find content, according to pguf, pgdn page up and down keys

 

3, the first 20-line redirection save / etc / passwd file to / renamed 20_pass.txt the root, save the / etc / passwd file redirected to 15 rows / renamed as the root: pass_15.txt

[root@localhost /]# head -20 /etc/passwd > /root/20_pass.txt

[root@localhost /]# ls /root

20_pass.txt  anaconda-ks.cfg

 

[root@localhost /]# tail -15 /etc/passwd > /root/pass_15.txt

 

4, please use a statistical command / etc / hosts file contains the number of firms? How many bytes? How many words count?

[root@localhost /]# wc /etc/hosts

  2  10 158 /etc/hosts

 

It contains two lines, 158 bytes of ten the number of words .

5, practice using grep and egrep

5.1. Filter through a pipe grep tool ifconfig command displays the IP field information?

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig | grep "inet"

        inet 192.168.100.199  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.100.255

        inet6 fe80::36ec:28ae:8711:ba74  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>

        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0

        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>

5.2.将/etc/passwd文件中的前20行重定向保存到/root下名称为pass?

[root@localhost ~]# head -20 /etc/passwd > /root/pass

[root@localhost ~]# ls

20_pass.txt  anaconda-ks.cfg  pass  pass_15.txt

 

5.3.过滤/etc/passwd文件中含有/sbin/nologin 的行并统计行数?

[root@localhost ~]# grep "/sbin/nologin" /etc/passwd  |wc -l

5.4 过滤/etc/passwd文件中以sh结尾的行,及以 root开头的行,不显示包含login的行?

[root@localhost ~]# grep "sh$" /etc/passwd | grep "^root" | grep -v "login"

 

5.5 分别用grep和egrep过滤出/etc/ssh/sshd_config文件中不包含“#”开头和空白的行?

[root@localhost ~]# grep -v "^#" /etc/ssh/sshd_config |grep -v "^$"

 

[root@localhost ~]# egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/ssh/sshd_config

 

6.1 通过tar命令将/etc/passwd文件打包压缩成/root/file.tar.gz

[root@localhost /]# tar -zcf /root/file.tar.gz /etc/passwd

 

6.2通过tar命令将/etc/passwd文件打包压缩成/root/file.tar.bz2

[root@localhost /]# tar -jcf /root/file.tar.bz2 /etc/passwd    

 

6.3创建空文件夹/web/test1,并将file.tar.bz2 解包并释放到/web/test1目录下?

[root@localhost /]# mkdir -p /web/test1 | tar -xvjf /root/file.tar.bz2 -C /web/test1

 

7.1 通过vi编辑/web/test1/passwd文件将文件里为root单词全部替换成benet。

输入命令:vi /web/test1/passwd 进入文档编辑,在末行模式输入

:% s/root/benet/g

 

7.2 通过vi编辑 删除pass文件第1、5、10行。

在末行模式输入“1”定位到第一行,按两下dd删除第一行、

在末行模式输入“5”定位到第五行,按两下dd删除第五行、

在末行模式输入“10”定位到第五行,按两下dd删除第十行、

7.3 在vi中显示pass文件行号复制文件2 3 4行粘贴到以lp开头的行下。

在末行模式输入“2”快速定位到第二行,,按3yy进行复制2 3 4 行,找到lp所在行按p粘贴

 

7.4 通过vi编辑 查找文件内包含mail var等字符串,并记录所在行号。

在末行模式输入/mail 按Enter查找mail在第十四行

在末行模式输入/var 按Enter查找var在第十七行

7.5 通过vi编辑 快速跳转到文件的第二行,通过r 读取 /etc/hosts 文件的内容到第二行下。

在末行模式输入2回车跳转到第二行,然后在末行模式输入

:r /etc/hosts

 

7.6将更改后的文件使用vim另存为/root/new_pass。

在末行模式输入:w /root/new_pass 按Enter

 

7.7将new_pass文件压缩成gz格式并改名为npass.gz文件。

[root@localhost /]# gzip /root/new_pass | mv /root/new_pass.gz /root/npass.gz

 

8统计/dev 目录下的文件数量。

[root@localhost /]# ls -l /dev | wc -l

 

9.1在/boot下查找文件名以vmlinuz开头的文件?

[root@localhost /]# find /boot/ -name  "vmlinuz*"

 

9.2在/boot下查找文件大小大于3M 小于 20M 的文件

[root@localhost /]# find /boot -size +3M -a -size -20M

 

10 请详细写出构建本地yum仓库的步骤?并在每行命令后面用自己的话做上中文注释?

[root@localhost ~]# umount /dev/sr0   //卸载光盘

umount: /dev/sr0:未挂载

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /media/   //挂载光盘

mount: /dev/sr0 写保护,将以只读方式挂载

[root@localhost ~]# ls /media/     //查看media

CentOS_BuildTag  EULA  images    LiveOS    repodata              RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7

EFI              GPL   isolinux  Packages  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  TRANS.TBL

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.r*      //构建本地yum仓库

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mkdir a

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mv C* a

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi ./local.repo   //创建本地yum仓库文档

[cdrom]    //仓库名称

name=cdrom

baseurl=file:///media   //指定rpm包的位置

enabled=1                      //启用本地yum仓库

gpgcheck=0                    //禁用gpg校验

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y clean all           //清除yum缓存

已加载插件:fastestmirror

正在清理软件源: cdrom

Cleaning up everything

Maybe you want: rm -rf /var/cache/yum, to also free up space taken by orphaned data from disabled or removed repos

Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache          //重建yum缓存

已加载插件:fastestmirror

Determining fastest mirrors

cdrom                         | 3.6 kB     00:00    

(1/4): cdrom/group_gz           | 166 kB   00:00    

(2/4): cdrom/filelists_db       | 3.1 MB   00:00    

(3/4): cdrom/primary_db         | 3.1 MB   00:00    

(4/4): cdrom/other_db           | 1.3 MB   00:00    

元数据缓存已建立

11、用yum命令安装vsftpd,查询安装情况,最后卸载vsftpd,并再次查询卸载情况?

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install vsftpd           //安装vsftpd

 

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -q vsftpd               //查询安装

 

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -e vsftpd      //卸载vsftpd

 

12、用rpm命令安装vsftpd,查询安装情况,最后卸载vsftpd,并再次查询卸载情况?

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh vsftpd-3.0.2-22.el7.x86_64.rpm

 

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -q vsftpd            //查询安装

 

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -e vsftpd      //卸载vsftpd

 

 

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