DDL: database definition language used to create database tables, indexes, views, stored procedures, triggers, and so the CREATE, the ALTER, DROP, TRUNCATE, the COMMENT, RENAME DML: data manipulation statements, used to query, add, update, delete like the SELECT, the INSERT, the UPDATE, the DELETE, the MERGE, the CALL, EXPLAIN PLAN, the LOCK TABLE the DCL: data control statement, for authorization / revocation authority database fields and GRANT, rEVOKE. TCL: transaction control statements to control transactions COMMIT, ROLLBACK, SAVEPOINT, SET TRANSACTION