Use urllib library
# coding=utf-8 import urllib2 import urllib # htpbin模拟的环境 URL_IP="http://10.11.0.215:8080" URL_GET = "http://10.11.0.215:8080/get" def use_simple_urllib2(): response = urllib2.urlopen(URL_IP) print '>>>> Response Headers:' print response.info() print '>>>>Response Body:' print ''.join([line for line in response.readlines()]) defuse_params_urllib2 (): # construct request parameter the params = urllib.urlencode ({ ' the param1 ' : ' Hello ' , ' param2 ' : ' World ' }) Print ' the Request the Params: ' Print the params # transmission request Response = urllib2.urlopen ( ' ? ' .join ([URL_GET, ' % S ' ])% the params) # process response Print ' >>> the response Headers: ' print response.info() print '>>>Status code' print response.getcode() print '>>>Response Body' print ''.join([line for line in response.readlines()]) # print response.readlines() if __name__ == '__main__': # print '>>>Use simple urllib2' # use_simple_urllib2() print '>>>Use params urllib2' use_params_urllib2()
Simple requests using the library
# coding=utf-8 import requests URL_IP="http://10.11.0.215:8080/ip" URL_GET="http://10.11.0.215:8080/get" def use_simple_requests(): response = requests.get(URL_IP) print ">>>Response Headers:" print response.headers print ">>>Response Code:" print response.status_code print "Response Body:" print response.Text = responsedef use_params_requests(): requests.get(URL_GET) print ">>>Response Headers:" print response.headers print ">>>Response Code:" print response.status_code print response.reason print "Response Body:" print response.json() if __name__ == "__main__": # print "simple requests:" # use_simple_requests() print "params requests:" use_params_requests()
github api requests and interaction
# Coding. 8 = UTF- Import JSON Import Requests from Requests Import Exceptions the URL = " https://api.github.com " DEF build_uri (Endpoint): # put together for the final api url path return ' / ' .join ([the URL , Endpoint]) DEF better_print (json_str): # formatted output, indent = 4 is retracted into four spaces return json.dumps (json.loads (json_str), indent = 4 ) DEF REQUEST_METHOD (): # Get user information # Response = requests.get (build_uri ( 'Users / reblue520')) # response = requests.get(build_uri('user/emails'), auth=('reblue520', 'reblue520')) response = requests.get(build_uri('user/public_emails'), auth=('reblue520', 'reblue520')) print(better_print(response.text)) def params_request(): response = requests.get(build_uri('users'), params={'since':11}) print better_print(response.text) print response.request.headers printresponse.url DEF json_request (): # update user information, the mailbox must already been verified mailbox # Response = requests.patch (build_uri ( 'User'), the auth = ( 'reblue520', 'reblue520'), JSON = { 'name': 'hellojack2019', 'In Email': '[email protected]'}) Response = requests.post (build_uri ( ' User / emails ' ), the auth = ( ' reblue520 ' , ' Reblue0225520 ' ), JSON = [ ' [email protected] ' ]) Print better_print (response.text) Print response.request.headers Print response.request. body print response.status_code def timeout_request(): # api异常处理：超时 try: response = requests.get(build_uri('user/emails'), timeout=10) response.raise_for_status() except exceptions.Timeout as e: print e.message except exceptions.HTTPError as e: print e.message else: print response.status_code print response.text def hard_requests(): # 自定义request from requests import Request, Session s = Session() headers = {'User-Agent': 'fake1.3.4'} req = Request('GET', build_uri('user/emails'), auth=('reblue520', 'Reblue0225520'), headers=headers) prepped = req.prepare() print prepped.body print prepped.headers resp = s.send(prepped, timeout = 5) print resp.status_code print resp.request.headers print resp.text if __name__ == '__main__': # request_method() # params_request() # json_request() # timeout_request() hard_requests()
Common api response Response
响应的基本API In [1]: import requests In [2]: response = requests.get("https://api.github.com") In [3]: response.status_code Out[3]: 200 In [4]: response.reason Out[4]: 'OK' In [5]: response.headers Out[5]: {'Date': 'Sat, 20 Jul 2019 03:48:51 GMT', 'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8', 'Transfer-Encoding': 'chunked', 'Server': 'GitHub.com', 'Status': '200 OK', 'X-RateLimit-Limit': '60', 'X-RateLimit-Remaining': '47', ''RateLimit X-Reset: '1563598131', 'Cache-Control': 'public, max-age=60, s-maxage=60', 'Vary': 'Accept, Accept-Encoding', 'ETag': 'W/"7dc470913f1fe9bb6c7355b50a0737bc"', 'X-GitHub-Media-Type': 'github.v3; format=json', 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers': 'ETag, Link, Location, Retry-After, X-GitHub-OTP, X-RateLimit-Limit, X-RateLimit-Remaining, X-RateLimit-Reset, X-OAuth-Scopes, X-Accepted-OAuth-Scopes, X-Poll-Interval, X-GitHub-Media-Type', 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*', 'Strict-Transport-Security': 'max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains; preload', 'X-Frame-Options': 'deny', 'X-Content-Type-Options': 'nosniff', 'X-XSS-Protection': '1; mode=block', 'Referrer-Policy': 'origin-when-cross-origin, strict-origin-when-cross-origin', 'Content-Security-Policy': "default-src 'none'", 'Content-Encoding': 'gzip', 'X-GitHub-Request-Id': '33D9:591B:9D084B:CF860E:5D328F23'} In [6]: response.url Out[6]: 'https://api.github.com/' In [7]: response.history Out[7]: [] In [8]: response = requests.get("http://api.github.com") In [9]: response.history Out[9]: [<Response [301]>] In [10]: response = requests.get("https://api.github.com") In [11]: response.elapsed Out[11]: datetime.timedelta(microseconds=459174) In [12]: response.request Out[12]: <PreparedRequest [GET]> In [13]: response.request.headers Out[13]: {'User-Agent': 'python-requests/2.22.0', 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate', 'Accept': '*/*', 'Connection': 'keep-alive'} In [14]: response.encoding Out[14]: 'utf-8' In [15]: response.raw.read(10) Out[15]: b'' In [16]: response.content Out[16]: b'{"current_user_url":"https://api.github.com/user","current_user_authorizations_html_url":"https://github.com/settings/connections/applications{/client_id}","authorizations_url":"https://api.github.com/authorizations","code_search_url":"https://api.github.com/search/code?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}","commit_search_url":"https://api.github.com/search/commits?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}","emails_url":"https://api.github.com/user/emails","emojis_url":"https://api.github.com/emojis","events_url":"https://api.github.com/events","feeds_url":"https://api.github.com/feeds","followers_url":"https://api.github.com/user/followers","following_url":"https://api.github.com/user/following{/target}","gists_url":"https://api.github.com/gists{/gist_id}","hub_url":"https://api.github.com/hub","issue_search_url":"https://api.github.com/search/issues?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}","issues_url":"https://api.github.com/issues","keys_url":"https://api.github.com/user/keys","notifications_url":"https://api.github.com/notifications","organization_repositories_url":"https://api.github.com/orgs/{org}/repos{?type,page,per_page,sort}","organization_url":"https://api.github.com/orgs/{org}","public_gists_url":"https://api.github.com/gists/public","rate_limit_url":"https://api.github.com/rate_limit","repository_url":"https://api.github.com/repos/{owner}/{repo}","repository_search_url":"https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}","current_user_repositories_url":"https://api.github.com/user/repos{?type,page,per_page,sort}","starred_url":"https://api.github.com/user/starred{/owner}{/repo}","starred_gists_url":"https://api.github.com/gists/starred","team_url":"https://api.github.com/teams","user_url":"https://api.github.com/users/{user}","user_organizations_url":"https://api.github.com/user/orgs","user_repositories_url":"https://api.github.com/users/{user}/repos{?type,page,per_page,sort}","user_search_url":"https://api.github.com/search/users?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}"}' In [17]: response.json() Out[17]: {'current_user_url': 'https://api.github.com/user', 'current_user_authorizations_html_url': 'https://github.com/settings/connections/applications{/client_id}', 'authorizations_url': 'https://api.github.com/authorizations', 'code_search_url': 'https://api.github.com/search/code?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}', 'commit_search_url': 'https://api.github.com/search/commits?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}', 'emails_url': 'https://api.github.com/user/emails', 'emojis_url': 'https://api.github.com/emojis', 'events_url': 'https://api.github.com/events', 'feeds_url': 'https://api.github.com/feeds', 'followers_url': 'https://api.github.com/user/followers', 'following_url': 'https://api.github.com/user/following{/target}', 'gists_url': 'https://api.github.com/gists{/gist_id}', 'hub_url': 'https://api.github.com/hub', 'issue_search_url': 'https://api.github.com/search/issues?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}', 'issues_url': 'https://api.github.com/issues', 'keys_url': 'https://api.github.com/user/keys', 'notifications_url': 'https://api.github.com/notifications', 'organization_repositories_url': 'https://api.github.com/orgs/{org}/repos{?type,page,per_page,sort}', 'organization_url': 'https://api.github.com/orgs/{org}', 'public_gists_url': 'https://api.github.com/gists/public', 'rate_limit_url': 'https://api.github.com/rate_limit', 'repository_url': 'https://api.github.com/repos/{owner}/{repo}', 'repository_search_url': 'https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}', 'current_user_repositories_url': 'https://api.github.com/user/repos{?type,page,per_page,sort}', 'starred_url': 'https://api.github.com/user/starred{/owner}{/repo}', 'starred_gists_url': 'https://api.github.com/gists/starred', 'team_url': 'https://api.github.com/teams', 'user_url': 'https://api.github.com/users/{user}', 'user_organizations_url': 'https://api.github.com/user/orgs', 'user_repositories_url': 'https://api.github.com/users/{user}/repos{?type,page,per_page,sort}', 'user_search_url': 'https://api.github.com/search/users?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}'}